A series of acyl fluorides was synthesized at 100 mmol scale using phase transfer catalyzed halogen exchange between acyl chlorides and aqueous bifluoride solution. The convenient procedure consists of vigorous stirring of the biphasic mixture at rt, followed by extraction and distillation. Isolated acyl fluorides (usually 7 g to 20 g) display excellent purity, and can be transformed into sterically hindered amides and esters, when treated with lithium amide bases and alkoxides under mild conditions.
A convenient procedure for conducting small-scale carbonylations of aryl or benzyl halides in a microwave reactor by using quinolin-8-yl formate is described. The resulting 8-acyloxyquinolines were shown to be more reactive than phenyl esters in acyl-transfer reactions, and their utility for the production of esters and amides was demonstrated.
In recent years, aldehyde-appended fluorescence probes have attracted increasing
attention. Fluorescent biological imaging includes many modern applications for cell and tissue
imaging in biomedical research. Meanwhile, the nucleophilic mechanism is a very simple
and convenient procedure for the preparation of aldehyde-sensing probes. This tutorial review
focuses on aldehyde-bearing chemosensors based on nucleophilic addition mechanism with
biological applications.
The Birnbaum-Saunders (BS) distribution, with its generalizations, has been successfully applied in a wide variety of fields. One generalization, type-II generalized BS (denoted as GBS-II), has been developed and attracted considerable attention in recent years. In this article, we propose a new simple and convenient procedure of inference approach for GBS-II distribution. An extensive simulation study is carried out to assess performance of the methods under various settings of parameter values with different sample sizes. Real data are analyzed for illustrative purposes to display the efficiency of the proposed method.
We have developed a simple and convenient procedure for the preparation of pinacol arylboronates from aryl/heteroaryl bromides and bis(pinacolato)diborane using a PdII-porphyrin complex as a catalyst. Seven different PdII-porphyrin complexes (PdII-TmHPP, PdII-TmCPP, PdII-TPP, PdII-TSTpSPP, PdII-TpCPP, PdII-TpTP, and PdII-TpAP) have been synthesized and investigated for their catalytic influence in the Miyaura borylation.
Synthesis of unsymmetrically substituted triarylamines via acceptorless dehydrogenative aromatization using a Pd/C and p-toluenesulfonic acid hybrid relay catalyst