BIODIVERSITY OF TREE SPECIES IN THE SARATOV REGION

The article analyzes the diversity of tree species in different natural zones of the Saratov region. The main species composition of natural and artificial plantings is revealed, the importance of forests of the Saratov region is estimated. Recommendations for expanding the species composition in urban landscaping are proposed.

Species Diversity and Decorative Features of Plants Used in the Landscaping of Hanoi

The article presents the results of studies on species diversity and decorative features of plantations in Hanoi. The relevance of this research is justified by the failure to meet the standards of landscaping in the city in accordance with global recommendations and standards. The dendroflora of central Hanoi has 304 species (including varieties and forms) belonging to 253 genera and 104 families. The leading families are Fabaceae, Arecaceae, Asteraceae, Apocynaceae, Bignoniaceae, Meliaceae, Verbenaceae, Myrtaceae, Moraceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Rosaceae, and Magnoliaceae. The Fabaceae family predominates by the the number of genera and species; and is followed by the Moraceae family. The greatest species diversity is observed among trees (151 species – 49.67 % of the total number). The most commonly used species in the urban gardening are Peltophorum pterocarpum, Delonix regia, Khaya senegalensis, Chukrasia tabularis, Ceiba pentandra, Pterocarpus macrocarpus, Hopea odorata, Dracontomelon mangiferum, Alstonia scholaris, Lagerstroemia speciosa, and Terminalia mantaly. Evergreen species predominate among plantations of Hanoi; while deciduous (including shrubs and trees) have a smaller proportion. Of 151 species of trees, 70 are classified as decorative. Shrubs and herbs are inferior to trees by the number of species (58 species each – 19.08 %). Palm trees are the least numerous – 11 species (3.62 %). The decorative features of the main species have been determined. A list of trees with 3 or more decorative features, shrubs and herbs with 2 or more decorative features was compiled. In order to create a unique urban landscape in different seasons of the year it is recommended to use the species included in this list. For citation: Nguyen Thi Yen, Dang Van Ha, Parinova T.A. Species Diversity and Decorative Features of Plants Used in Landscaping of Hanoi. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2021, no. 5, pp. 65–75. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2021-5-65-75

First faunistic results on Valencia (Cresques) Seamount, with some ecological considerations

The living and dead fauna of Valencia Seamount, a deep promontory in the middle of the Balearic Basin which summit is at ca. 1100 m depth, is described by first time based in a rock dredge perfomed in a sedimentary area of the summit Mount. Surface-feeder polychaetes (the Paraonidae Levinsenia gracilis and Terebellidae as dominant), and taxodont bivalves (Ledella messanensis and Yoldiella ovulum) were the main species of benthos. We found alive remains of the bamboo coral Isidella elongata, a vulnerable, habitat-forming species in the deep Mediterranean. Benthos density was low (0.6 organisms/2 dm3 mud). Thanatocoenosis evidenced a rather moderate diversity of benthic bivalves (11 species) and gastropods (9 species) also dominated by surface deposit feeders. Fish (identified/quantified from sedimented otoliths) showed diversified and abundant mesopelagic fauna, mainly Myctophidae. More interestingly, we highlighted among benthopelagic fish the occurrence of recruits of Merluccius merluccius, Micromesistius poutassou, or Hymenocephalus italicus, all species that live in the neighboring slopes of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands at quite shallower depths (at 100-700 m) than their distribution in the Valencia Seamount summit (1102–1130 m) based on the deposited otoliths found. Some ecological aspects were discussed and the necessity to consider the deep Valencia Seamount as a potential area that should be under protection.

Terapia larval: protocolo básico de manutenção, desinfecção, transporte e aplicação de larvas de Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794) (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) is an exotic blowfly in Brazil and it is considered one of the main species of medical-forensic importance. Their larvae have a necrophagous habit with a high forensic potential and they are also considered an important tool for treating chronic wounds, a technique known as maggot therapy, which is not yet routinely used in Brazil despite proven efficacy. In this context, the present work aims to describe a protocol for carrying out the technique, with the complete description of colony maintenance, preparation and disinfection of eggs, packing and transportation of larvae for use, application and removal of the larvae on patients. Thus, with this protocol, the maggot therapy can be disseminated and performed by other research groups.

PERBANYAKAN VEGETATIF TUSAM (Pinus merkusii Jungh et de Vriese) DENGAN TEKNIK CANGKOK

Pinus merkusii is a main species for produce pine resin in Indonesia. Clone of Pinus merkusii on progeny trial establishing by Perhutani has identified can produce high yielderresin up to 100 gr/tree/3 days. Clonal forestry needs applied propagation method that easy dan economically on operational level. One of propagation method selected was by air layering. This research work were to obtained genetic materials and to get information number of live percent of seedling from air layering from high yielder resin Pinus merkusii subline when the mother trees reach 12 years old. The research was conducted in Perum Perhutani KPH Banyumas Barat, RPH Samudra on year 2020 with Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The result of this research showed that rooting ability on Pinus merkusii 12 years old mother trees have signifiant differences between subline. Rooting ability of seedling generated by air layering method were 29% (subline SG2), 24% (subline JB2), 18% (subline SL2) and 11% (subline SM2) with an average of 18% and heritability of rooting ability by air layering was 0,44.

Recrutamento de animais sésseis e sedentários em substrato artificial na área portuária do Recife – PE, com enfoque para a bioinvasão

RESUMO O Porto do Recife recebe uma grande quantidade de navios de vários tipos e de muitas partes do mundo, podendo trazer espécies exóticas incrustadas no casco ou em água de lastro. O objetivo do presente estudo foi registrar e analisar os padrões de recrutamento de espécies bentônicas sésseis, assim como investigar uma possivel introdução de espécies bentônicas exóticas e criptogênicas em uma área portuária com grande fluxo de navios. Utilizaram-se placas de metal galvanizado para estudo do recrutamento de animais sésseis e sedentários em três pontos amostrais no porto, com três réplicas cada, totalizando nove pontos, durante seis meses (outubro de 2010 a março de 2011), considerado como período seco. As placas de recrutamento foram retiradas a cada 30 dias durante seis meses. As principais espécies de acordo com a área de cobertura foram Mytella charruana (72%) e Amphibalanus improvisus (22%) e espaços vazios (7,5%). Não houve diferença significativa quando comparadas as três estações no porto do Recife, sendo encontradas diferenças quando comparadas os dados das áreas de cobertura das espécies mais abundantes no recrutamento. Foram elas: Clytia gracilis, Obelia dichotoma, M. charruana e A. improvisus. ABSTRACT The Port of Recife receives a large number of vessels of various types and from many parts of the world, and can bring exotic species encrusted hull or in ballast water. The aim of this study was to record and analyze the patterns of recruitment of sessile benthic species, as well as investigating a possible introduction of exotic and cryptogenic benthic species in a port area with great flow vessels. We used galvanized metal plates to study the recruitment of sessile and sedentary animals at three stations in the harbor, with three replicas each, totaling nine points, six months (October 2010 to March 2011), considered the dry . The plates recruitment were taken every 30 days for six months. The main species according to coverage area were Mytella charruana (72%) and Amphibalanus improvisus (22%) and voids (7.5%). There was no significant difference when comparing the three stations in the Port of Recife, differences were found when comparing the coverage areas of most abundant species in recruitment. They were: Clytia gracilis, Obelia dichotoma, M. charruana and A. improvisus.

USO DE PRODUTOS FLORESTAIS NÃO MADEIREIROS EM COMUNIDADES DA FLONA TAPAJÓS

O objetivo deste artigo é caracterizar o uso dos produtos florestais não madeireiros (PFNM) pelas populações ribeirinhas em comunidades na Flona Tapajós, compreendendo as questões relacionadas às principais espécies coletadas, seus usos e atribuição de valor aos produtos confeccionados. Foi realizado um Diagnóstico Rápido Rural (DRR) com os coletores de PFNMs, e entrevistas com um total de 10 artesãos. As espécies mais citadas foram: morototó, tento vermelho, tento amarelo, saboneteira, açaí, jutaí e lágrima de nossa senhora que são utilizadas na produção de artesanatos e biojóias; também se utiliza as fibras (buriti, tucumã e curuá) e as madeiras (coração de negro, itaúba, cedro, arara castanha e molongó). As biojóias variam de valor entre R$2,00 a R$20,00 e as peças ornamentais de madeira de R$10,00 a R$300,00. As principais vantagens de trabalhar com PFNM apontadas na entrevista são a facilidade de coletar sementes, o fato de ter demanda e gerar renda aos artesãos envolvidos. As dificuldades mencionadas são a coleta das sementes do morototó e paricá e o acesso as árvores na floresta. Jamaraquá, Maguari e São Domingos são exemplos bem-sucedidos de que os produtos oriundos da floresta têm mercado consolidado e são representação cultural e social dos povos da floresta. Palavras-chave: artesanato; biojóias; população tradicional; Amazônia. Use of non-wooden forest products in the National Forest of Tapajós communities ABSTRACT: The aim of this article is to characterize the use of non-timber forest products (NTFP) by riverine populations in communities in Flona Tapajós, including issues related to the main species collected, their uses and attribution of value to the manufactured products. the use of non-timber forest products (NTFP) by riverine populations in communities in Flona Tapajós, including issues related to the main species collected, their uses and attribution of value to the products made. A rapid rural appraisal (RRA) was conducted with community NTFP collectors, followed by interviews with the artisans, including a total of 10 people. The most cited species in the RRA were morototó, bead tree, tento amarelo, wingleaf soapberry, açaí palm, jutaí, and Job’s tears, which are used to produce handicrafts and bio-jewels. In addition, buriti, tucumã, and curuá fiber and lapachillo, itaúba, cedar, arara castanha, and molongó wood were used. The price of bio-jewels varies from BRL 2 to 20, and of the wood ornamental pieces from BRL 10 to 300. The main advantages of working with NTFP highlighted in the interviews were that seed collection is easy, that there is demand, and that income is generated for community members. The difficulties mentioned were the collection and processing of morototó and paricá seed, and access to trees. Jamaraquá, Maguari, and São Domingos are successful examples of forest products that consolidated the market and are cultural and social representation of the forest peoples. Keywords: handicrafts; bio-jewels; traditional population; Amazon.

Состояние колоний морских птиц полуострова Старицкого (Тауйская губа, Охотское море)

Comparison of the 2019 census results with those obtained earlier permits to evaluate changes in the number and distribution of nesting seabird colonies оn the Staritsky Peninsula over the past 10 years. The Staritsky Peninsula coasts and the Gertner and Veselaya bay islands are located in close proximity to the city of Magadan, and therefore are subject to maximum anthropogenic pressure. The total number of breeding seabirds (including the urban population of the Slaty-backed Gull in the city of Magadan) increased from 36 thousand individuals in 2009 to 57.6 thousand individuals in 2019. Simultaneously, the proportion of main species changed in the largest colonies around the city - on the Tri Brata Islands and Cape Ostrovnoy. A very large colony (3,230 birds) of the Pelagic Cormorants near the mouth of the Dukcha River, which appeared in the last 20 years, now became the largest in the Tauy Bay. The colony formation and growth was promoted by the urban wastewaters discharged into the Gertner Bay.

A REVIEW: AQUILARIA SPECIES AS POTENTIAL OF PHARMACOLOGICAL

One of the plants that is rich in benefits is from the genus Aquilaria spp. which is known to be able to produce agarwood resin. This genus includes 47 species, of which the four main species are Aquilaria malaccensis, Aquilaria subintegra, Aquilaria crassna and Aquilaria sinensis. Aquilaria species are known to have a wide spectrum of pharmacological activity and have been reported in many studies, including activity, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, AChE inhibitor (Acetylcholinesterase), anti-proliferative, and antidiabetic. The aim of this review is to expand information on the pharmacological activity of various Aquilaria species that can support future studies in the medical field of medicine.