Enablers and Barriers for the Transformation of Manufacturing After the COVID-19 Global Crisis

It is obvious that COVID-19, which is one of the main agenda items of humanity, has an effect on global production facilities. It has been tried to create a roadmap for producers to overcome existing and similar crises with proactive solutions. The reflections of the global crisis on production are carefully examined in the study. The epidemic is not limited to a single country, but affects all parts of the world, leaving supply chains and manufacturers in a difficult situation. Just as the concept of the new normal for consumers has come to the fore, the necessity of adapting to the new norm by implementing certain technologies that have been emphasized in recent years is now more clearly felt for manufacturers. The pandemic process experienced and the difficulties and enablers that producers face/will face afterwards are explained in detail under the headings of human resource management, flexibility, sourcing, technology level, logistics.

Analysis of the Application of Digital Agricultural Technology in the Development of Farm Economy

With the significant improvement of China's science and technology level, modern information technology promotes the development of all industries and fields, which realizes the efficient use of digital resources. Digital technology is a typical example. Therefore, the construction of the agricultural system should break the traditional farm economic form and attach importance to digital construction. This provides strong support for farm economic development. This paper aims to analyze the application of digital agricultural technology in the development of the farm economy, which provides a reference for relevant research.

The consequences of US technology changes for productivity in advanced economies

Since at least the mid-2000s, many advanced economies have experienced low productivity growth. This development is often related to declining productivity gains at the technology frontier, which is largely determined by the US. We challenge this explanation by studying the effects of US technology shocks on productivity levels in advanced economies. We find positive but small spillovers of US technology shocks. For many countries, the elasticity of their productivity with respect to a 1% increase in the US technology level is significantly lower than 1. Thus, the recent US productivity slowdown must have had a limited effect on productivity developments in advanced economies. Nevertheless, after 5 years, the degree of productivity spillovers varies across countries. Therefore, we analyze the role of institutions in shaping these results. Our findings suggest that isolated institutional characteristics are not able to explain the observed various spillover degrees.

Error Analysis of Integrated Six-Light-Screen Array Measurement Model

The light-screen array measurement method is very suitable for measuring the coordinates of rapid-fire weapons, and the measurement error is determined by the measurement model. In this paper, the separated light-screen array is improved to an integrated light-screen array, which reduces the parameters and optimizes the measurement model. Three kinds of factors affecting the coordinate measurement error of the projectile under the integrated measurement model are analysed, and the influence of the factors on the distribution of coordinate measurement errors is simulated and analysed in the selected 1m×1m target area. Then the error distribution of the separated measurement model and the integrated measurement model is simulated and analysed under the same conditions based on the design values and current technology level. The result shows that compared with the separated measurement model under the same simulation conditions, the comprehensive coordinate measurement error is optimized by about 2.1mm within 1m×1m target area. The research can provide reference for the design and optimization of light-screen array and other similar photoelectric measurement systems, and provide new ideas for improving the coordinate measurement precision of therapid-fire weapons.

Analysis of Core Technology Problems and Countermeasures in the Robot Industry

Since 2013, China has been the world’s largest market for industrial robots. Despite the gradual maturity of the industrial robot system, the lagging R&D and backward technology level of industrial robots have led to a strong dependence on the import of core components and key technologies, which to a certain extent has restricted the development and improvement of industrial robots. At present, the “neck problem” in the field of industrial robots in China is not only in the reducer, controller, and servo but also in the basic processing equipment, basic technology, and basic materials. In this paper, we propose measures to improve the “neck problem” of industrial robots to promote the high-quality development of industrial robots in China.

A knowledge based hierarchical reliability allocation (HIRAL) approach for shipboard systems

Reliability has become a greater concern in shipboard systems due to increasing amount of technology level, system complexity, and multiple design demands. Enhancement of the shipboard system’s reliability ensures safe and continuous operation onboard a ship. To enhance the reliability of the shipboard system, it is essential to identify each individual component’s reliability. Within this scope, the onerous task of reliability allocation analysis enhances the reliability of shipboard systems through the optimization of component-based designs, construction, and operations. This study proposes a hybrid reliability allocation methodology based on a hierarchical structure with the integration of an analytic hierarchy process (AHP), data envelopment analysis (DEA), and feasibility of objectives (FOO) methods. The proposed methodology provides reliability allocation analyses for systems with any number of components. The study also examines the usefulness of the adaptation of AHP-DEA into reliability allocation analysis. To demonstrate the applicability of the proposed methodology, a case study on the steering gear system is presented.

Evolution of the Industrial Innovation Ecosystem of Resource-Based Cities (RBCs): A Case Study of Shanxi Province, China

Constructing and exploring the evolution mechanism of an industrial innovation ecosystem in resource-based cities (RBCs) is the most effective way to solve the contradiction between economic development, energy shortage, and environmental degradation. Taking 10 typical RBCs in Shanxi Province as examples, this paper used the method of system dynamics (SD) to build a model of the industrial innovation ecosystem of RBCs and set up scenarios to simulate and predict the evolution of the industrial innovation ecosystem of RBCs. The results showed that the industrial innovation ecosystem of RBCs is a complex system composed of four subsystems: innovation players, innovation content, innovation resources, and innovation environment. In innovation players, the increase in the amount of talent has a more obvious effect on technology level and GDP than R&D funding. In innovation content, the improvement of management level has a slow and continuous positive impact on GDP. Technology achievements, once implemented, will improve GDP more than management progress does. In innovation resources, human capital has greater potential for an increase in GDP and per capita consumption expenditure. In innovation resources, technology level plays an important role in slowing down the deterioration of the ecological environment. This study enriched the theoretical paradigm of the research on the industrial innovation ecosystem, and provided effective strategies to solve the development problems of RBCs.

Levels of structural change

We investigate structural change in the PR China during a period of particularly rapid growth 1998-2014. For this, we utilize sectoral data from the World Input-Output Database and firm-level data from the Chinese Industrial Enterprise Database. Starting with correlation laws known from the literature (Fabricant’s laws), we investigate which empirical regularities hold at the sectoral level and show that many of these correlations cannot be recovered at the firm level. For a more detailed analysis, we propose a multi-level framework, which is validated empirically. For this, we perform a robust regression, since various input variables at the firm-level as well as the residuals of exploratory OLS regressions are found to be heavy-tailed. We conclude that Fabricant’s laws and other regularities are primarily characteristics of the sectoral level which rely on aspects like infrastructure, technology level, innovation capabilities, and the knowledge base of the relevant labor force. We illustrate our analysis by showing the development of some of the larger sectors in detail and offer some policy implications in the context of development economics, evolutionary economics, and industrial organization.