Inisiasi Kampung Komplementer Untuk Optimalkan Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak

The majority of mothers who have toddlers in Karangrejo Sub-Village, Karangnongko, Tirtomartani Village, Kalasan Subdistrict come to the baby shaman to massage the baby and provide herbs to increase appetite in her child. The public also does not have knowledge of complementary therapies to address mild health complaints without chemical drugs such as cupping, accupoint and herbal therapy. The purpose of community service is to initiate the formation of complementary villages in Karangrejo Sub-Village . The activities carried out are complementary cadre training, baby healthy food movement, toddler and breastfeeding, healthy toddler movement and healthy living community movement with the use of herbs. Monitoring and evaluation are carried out with assistance to motivate the sustainability of the program. The result achieved is (1) The partner has formed and has a complementary village manager; (2) The partners have complementary cadres (3) The partners have carried out complementary village activities, namely healthy food movements for infants, toddlers and nursing mothers, monitoring growth and healthy community movements with the use of herbal plants

Cities after pandemic: enabling social distancing as a new design standard to achieve urban immunity

Motives: COVID-19 pandemic has caused worldwide implementation of unprecedented measures of physical distancing to decrease the potential of the COVID-19 infection. As cities respond to closure measures in order to flatten the infection curve, the challenges associated with the spread of the epidemic and the increasing numbers of infected and deaths that compel us to fundamentally rethink the formation of our cities, especially their streets, the research presents an urban review of the impact of the pandemic on cities and find solutions to recover, achieve a safe and sustainable healthy environment, and prepare better for any pandemic that may occur in the future, the research seeks to strengthen the theory of prevention, which the research proposes to call (urban immunity) by including social distancing as a design criterion in the city that has proven effective in flattening the curve. Aims: This paper focuses on the mechanisms related to sustainable mobility after COVID-19 in shaping urban mobility and initiating a green transformation in urban transportation rapidly by decarbonizing and promoting cycling and walking across all over the city. The research methodology depends on identifying the most important urban problems that Al-Dhubat Street suffers from and proposing solutions that reduce dependence on private transportation and move towards sustainable mobility as an important step in strengthening urban prevention against any epidemics that may occur in the future, and then testing indicators on the Al-Dhubat Street to identify effective indicators. Results: The research concluded that social distancing is the way back to active mobility by relying on walking and bicycles and works to restore the right of pedestrians in the streets and sidewalks instead of cars and thus achieve sustainable urban development, which enhances the urban immunity of the city against any other epidemics may occur in the future. With the proposed interventions on Al-Dhubat Street we can keep car use low and promote walking and cycling for a sustainable, equitable, habitable, and healthy community after the pandemic.

Pet Ownership and Longitudinal Change in Physical Function: Evidence From the BLSA

Successful aging depends on avoiding disease and disability, maintaining high physical and cognitive function, and psychological adaptation. Research examining the relationship of pet ownership (PO) or human-animal interaction (HAI) to human health supports contributions to these successful ag-ing-related outcomes at some point in the life-cycle, mostly in populations with diseases or disabili-ties. We examine the contributions of PO to maintaining physical capacity among generally healthy community-dwelling older participants in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA). Partici-pants’ [N=637, mean age=68.3 years (SD=9.6), pet owners N=149] completed a standardized physi-cal function test battery (among other measures) every 1-4 years and a ten-year PO history. Linear mixed, or generalized linear mixed, models with time varying PO were used to examine change in successful aging-related outcomes over up to 13 years [mean=7.5, (SD=3.6)] according to PO. Physi-cal function declined across all domains examined, but was observed to be less severe with PO in overall physical performance (p<0.001), rapid gait speed (p=0.041), 400-meter walk time (p<0.001), and reported physical wellbeing (p=0.032). No differences were observed for grip strength (p=0.56), usual gait speed (p=0.07), and leisure time physical activity (p=0.26) after con-trolling for age. This study provides the first longitudinal evidence that PO may promote successful aging among community-dwelling healthy older adults by moderating age-related declines in physical functional status in late-life.

Comparison of Different Approaches to Operationalize Fried’s Phenotypic Frailty in the NuAge Cohort

Many operationalization approaches were proposed to identify frailty in older adults. The common use of Fried’s original criteria or other cut-offs based on cohort distribution may not apply in every cohort leading to potential bias in the identification of frail individuals. We thus aimed to apply different Fried’s phenotypic frailty operationalization approaches in the Quebec NuAge cohort of generally healthy community-dwelling older adults (n=1,753; aged 67-84 years), and longitudinally compare prevalence, incidence and predictive strength on outcomes, such as functional autonomy, falls, hospitalization and mortality. Significant variability in prevalence, classification agreement and predictive strengths were observed between approaches, notably using different types of distribution cut-offs, variables, or ways to handle missing data. This strategy helped us to prioritize a specific Fried’s phenotypic frailty operationalization in NuAge, which could then be used in secondary research projects aiming to study determinants of Fried’s phenotypic frailty and its role in health outcomes.

Comparing Young and Old Adults’ Night Hazard Detection With Driving Simulation and on Road

While there is validity of using driving simulation as a proxy for on-road performance, few studies have examined hazard detection at night. Night driving is a self-restricting practice with little evidence demonstrating the need with healthy older adults. This study’s objective was to analyze night driving using eye-tracking technology examining differences between on-road/simulated drives and older/younger adults. A 2 (old, young) x 2 (simulator, on-road) repeated-measures design measured three roadway “hazards” of pedestrains looking at their cell phone while posed to cross the roadway. Pupil glances were recorded using outcome measures of total fixation duration, number of fixations, and time-to-first fixation for the pedestrains on-road and on a specifically designed scenario matching the on-road route. Thirty-three healthy, community-living drivers age 65+ years (N=16) and drivers age 20-40 years (N=17) completed both drives. Using non-parametric statistics, results demonstrated that night hazard detection was similar across driving conditions except for time-to-first fixation, which was faster on-road for both age groups (p<.001). At some hazard locations, there were significant differences between the two age groups, with older adults taking longer to initially see hazards. Results suggest, older adults detected hazards similarly to younger adults, especially during on-road performance, suggesting avoidance of night driving may not be necessary. Results also support using driving simulation as a proxy for on-road with night driving needing to be incorporated. Additionally, eye-tracking has the potential for research in hazard detection with emphasis on the time-to-first fixation outcomes when considering driving analysis.

Finding Factors in Footfalls: Exploring the Factor Structure of Gait in Older Adults

Gait is a reputed marker of global health spanning various bodily systems (MacDonald et al., 2017) and is a robust predictor of deleterious age-related outcomes (Van Kan et al., 2009). However, the sheer number of individual gait variables employed as predictors in the existing literature can obscure interpretations. To address this issue, researchers have explored the factor structure of gait indicators to explain variance in age-related gait performance, identifying disparate models characterized by three to five underlying latent gait constructs comprised of 8 to 23 indicators (Hollman et al., 2011; Lord et al., 2013). Beyond this heterogeneity, additional limitations characterizing this literature include solutions that assume statistical independence among gait constructs, as well as inclusion of severely multicollinear indicators. Using data from the Healthy Minds Healthy Bodies (HMHB) study, the present research focused upon replicating and contrasting previous factor analytic efforts. HMHB participants (n=128) were healthy community-dwelling adults (Mage=72.81±5.24 years; female=100). Gait indicators from a GAITRite computerized walkway were selected according to a priori theoretical rationale, compatibility with previous studies, and consideration of multicollinearity. Gait factor structure was initially analyzed using principal component analysis. Results indicate the presence of three latent gait domains reflecting pace, rhythm, and variability, accounting for over 82.4% of the variance in gait performance. Current proceedings involve implementing confirmatory factor analysis to compare competing gait models. Findings will address disparities across factor models in the gait literature, as well as discuss the optimal number of factors for describing the underlying dimensionality of gait.

The Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Frailty in Healthy Community-Dwelling Older Adults

This study examined the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and frailty status in relatively healthy community-dwelling older adults. Participants included 19,114 individuals from the “ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly” (ASPREE) trial. The diagnostic criteria for MetS were according to the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention and the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (2009); and comprised any three of five parameters: waist circumference, triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol or hypertension. Frailty and prefrailty were defined using a modified Fried phenotype (FP) comprising exhaustion, body mass index, grip strength, gait speed and physical activity and a deficit accumulation frailty index (FI) of 66 items. The association between MetS and frailty was examined using multinomial logistic regression. At baseline, 51.1% of participants met the criteria of MetS; of those, 41.8% and 2.5 % were prefrail and frail, respectively, according to Fried phenotype, while 49.6% and 11.8 % were prefrail and frail, respectively, according to FI. MetS at baseline was associated with an increased likelihood of prefrailty (RRR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.17, 1.33) and frailty (RRR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.28, 2.01) compared to no frailty after adjustment for potential confounders according to Fried phenotype, while the association was stronger for prefrailty (RRR: 2.74; 95% CI: 2.55, 2.94) and frailty (RRR: 5.30; 95% CI: 4.60, 6.11) according to FI. Overall, at baseline, more than half of the participants had MetS, and the presence of MetS was significantly associated with pre-frailty and frailty.