A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF NON-BANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS IN BANGLADESH

NBFIs play an important role in economic development through ensuring proper mobilization of funds in Bangladesh. This study represents a comparison of nine NBFIs operating their business in Bangladesh within the period from 2016 to 2019 through using financial ratios and other measures. To analyze the financial performance this study has used ratio analysis, such as ROA, ROE, ROCE, Institutional size/ Total assets and total equity etc. The outcome of this study says that for generating return the NBFIs performance based on efficiency ratio is different from the performance based on liquidity ratio, capital ratio and other financial measures. This study suggests to NBFIs to be more conscious about loan selection and establish a brand image through providing more efficient services. It also suggests the NBFIs to finds more income generating areas to be more competitive. In the coming years NBFIs will have more prospects that will ensure the economic development of our country.

Applying the Workload Indicators of Staffing Needs Method in Nursing Health Workforce Planning: Evidences from Four Hospitals in Vietnam

Background: Vietnam has encountered difficulties in ensuring an adequate and equitable distribution of health workforce. The traditional staffing norms stated in the Circular 08/TT-BYT issued in 2007 based solely on population or institutional size and do not adequately take into consideration the variations of need such as population density, mortality and morbidity patterns. To address this problem, more rigorous approaches are needed to determine the number of personnel in health facilities. One such approach is Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN) developed by the World Health Organization (WHO), a facility-based workforce planning method that assists managers in defining the responsibilities of different workforce categories and improving the appropriateness and efficiency of a staff mix. Methods: This study applied the WISN approach and was employed in 22 clinical departments at four hospitals in Vietnam between 2015 and 2018. 22 targeted group discussions involving nurses were conducted. Hospital personnel records have been retrieved. The data were analyzed according to WISN instructions. Results: Of the 22 departments, there was a shortage of 1 to 2 nurses in 10 departments, with WISN ratios ranging between 0.88 and 0.95. Only 01 clinical colleges at Can Tho Hospital lacked 05 nurses, facing a high workload with a WISN ratio of 0.78. Administrative time represented 20-40% of the total work time of a nurse. In comparison, nurses at Can Tho Hospital spent time on administration from 24 onwards. 5% to 41.7% of their working time while nurses at Thanh Hoa Hospital spent 21% to 33%. Conclusion: The application of the WISN enabled health managers to analyze the workload of nurses, calculate staffing needs, and thus effectively contribute to the workforce planning process. It is expected that the results of this research will encourage the use of the WISN tool in other hospitals and health facilities across the health system. At provincial and national levels, this study provides important evidence to help policy makers develop guidelines for personnel norms for health facilities in the context of limited resources, while the existing regulation is no longer appropriate.

An Examination of a Canada-wide Collaboration Platform for Order Sets: A First Report (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Evidence-based medicine struggles with knowledge translation and dissemination. Web 2.0 platforms promote sharing and collaborative development of content. Executable knowledge tools, such as order sets, are one knowledge translation tool whose localization is critical to its effectiveness, but a challenge for organizations to develop independently. OBJECTIVE We describe a Web 2.0 resource for order set development designed to share executable knowledge (order sets). METHODS Data were collected from Think Research’s TxConnect platform. We measured inter-organization sharing across Canadian hospitals using descriptive statistics. A weighted chi-squared analysis was used to evaluate institutional size to sharing volumes based on institution size, with post-hoc Cramer’s V score to measure the strength of association. RESULTS TCN consisted of 12,495 order sets across 683 diagnoses or processes. Between January 2010 and March 2015, 131 healthcare organizations representing 360 hospitals in Canada downloaded order sets 105,496 times. Order sets related to acute coronary syndrome, analgesia, and venous thromboembolism were most commonly shared. COVID-19 order sets were amongst the most actively shared, adjusting for order set lifetime. A weighted chi-square analysis showed non-random downloading behavior (p < 0.001), with medium-sized institutions downloading content from larger institutions acting as the most significant driver of this variance (chi-gram: 124.70). CONCLUSIONS We describe a Web 2.0 platform for the sharing of order set content at unprecedented scale. The heavy use of the collaborative network to access customized order sets reflects the TCN’s value as a resource for health care organizations when they are developing or updating their own order sets.

Examining the amount of mandatory non-financial information disclosed by Spanish state-owned enterprises and its potential influential variables

Purpose This paper aims to examine the extent of mandatory non-financial information disclosed by Spanish state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and barriers to and/or drivers of such disclosures. Design/methodology/approach To accomplish this task, three data sources were used. To study the extent of non-financial information disclosed and the influence exerted by some variables of such disclosures, the authors performed a content analysis of website disclosures of all Spanish SOEs identified by the General Intervention Board of the State Administration. Likewise, reports published by such companies on their web pages were also examined. To investigate the barriers to the disclosure of non-financial information by Spanish SOEs, the data were collected through interviews with key personnel. Findings Results showed that the disclosure of mandatory non-financial information by Spanish SOEs is lagging behind when compared to private companies. The key personnel revealed different reasons for the low level of disclosures such as the lack of an accountability awareness in Spain. The institutional size was the variable that most significantly affects the disclosure of mandatory non-financial information by Spanish SOEs. Originality/value The main contribution of this research was to examine the influence of some variables on the amount of mandatory non-financial information disclosed by Spanish SOEs. Previous studies have been focused on exploring the level of non-financial information disclosed voluntarily by these companies.

Faculty Constitutions in the Ivory Tower: Exploring the Balance of Power between the Professoriate and the Administration

ABSTRACTThe presumption that rules and institutional structures profoundly influence an organization’s behavior is deeply rooted in the study of governance. Whereas social scientists have explored the link between institutional structure and political power at the national, state, and local level, there is virtually no quantitative research on how competing constitutional frameworks influence power in an academic setting. The researchers theorize that, given academics’ relatively limited input into institutional decision making, faculty respondents will perceive they have greater influence when they exercise direct control over faculty representatives. Merging a database of academic constitutions with faculty survey responses from the North American Academic Survey (NAAS), the authors find that, even when controlling for institutional size, budget, and academic mission, some features of academic constitutions are strongly correlated with perceptions of faculty power. In general, more representative constitutions are strongly associated with faculty influence. However, contrary to the underlying theory, faculty employed at schools where an administrator is designated as the chair or president of the academic senate feel they are more influential than those that elect their own leader. The results suggest a new and potentially important line of inquiry for political researchers.

Feasibility of a hyper-acute stroke unit model of care across England: a modelling analysis

ObjectivesThe policy of centralising hyperacute stroke units (HASUs) in England aims to provide stroke care in units that are both large enough to sustain expertise (>600 admissions/year) and dispersed enough to rapidly deliver time-critical treatments (<30 min maximum travel time). Currently, just over half (56%) of patients with stroke access care in such a unit. We sought to model national configurations of HASUs that would optimise both institutional size and geographical access to stroke care, to maximise the population benefit from the centralisation of stroke care.DesignModelling of the effect of the national reconfiguration of stroke services. Optimal solutions were identified using a heuristic genetic algorithm.Setting127 acute stroke services in England, serving a population of 54 million people.Participants238 887 emergency admissions with acute stroke over a 3-year period (2013–2015).InterventionModelled reconfigurations of HASUs optimised for institutional size and geographical access.Main outcome measureTravel distances and times to HASUs, proportion of patients attending a HASU with at least 600 admissions per year, and minimum and maximum HASU admissions.ResultsSolutions were identified with 75–85 HASUs with annual stroke admissions in the range of 600–2000, which achieve up to 82% of patients attending a stroke unit within 30 min estimated travel time (with at least 95% and 98% of the patients being within 45 and 60 min travel time, respectively).ConclusionsThe reconfiguration of hyperacute stroke services in England could lead to all patients being treated in a HASU with between 600 and 2000 admissions per year. However, the proportion of patients within 30 min of a HASU would fall from over 90% to 80%–82%.

Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Kinesiology: Survey Results from the 2016 AKA Workshop

Over the past decade, institutions of higher education have been forced to become more innovative and entrepreneurial, seeking creative solutions to budget challenges. This has been particularly important within kinesiology programs, which represent one of the largest growing sectors of higher education over the past 10–15 years. In preparation for the 2016 American Kinesiology Association (AKA) Leadership Workshop, a survey was administered by the AKA to capture key institutional classifications (i.e., Carnegie classification, institutional size, public vs. private designation) and department chair or designated administrator perceptions on entrepreneurial issues relevant to their unit. Sixty-eight of 881 units surveyed responded, yielding a response rate of 7.7%. The majority of respondents (67%) indicated a unit funding model that was based on the previous year’s level (i.e., historical budget model). While the majority of respondents reported that their unit is provided with “adequate to plentiful” resources (59%), this varied widely based on institutional classification. Specifically, baccalaureate institutions (Chi-square 18.054, p < .001) and institutions with < 5,000 students (Chi-square 10.433, p & .015) had the least favorable perceptions of unit resource allocation. For the majority of entrepreneurial activities and partnerships (5 of 8 targeted questions), ≥ 50% of the respondents reported “no involvement.” There was a significant mismatch between actual vs. expected time spent by the department chair on fundraising activities (Chi-square 4.627, p = .031), with higher expectations than actual time spent on fundraising. In summary, the AKA survey suggests that there is tremendous heterogeneity in perceptions of and participation in entrepreneurial activities within kinesiology, and that there remains strategic areas of opportunity within the field.

The Impact of Student Communities on Student Development: Institutional Size and Residential Living

Colegios comunitarios y universidades juegan un papel importante en el impacto de desarrollo de los estudiantes en la vida universitaria. ambientes educativos no solo tienen que traer, sino tambien para crear la configuracion para los estudiantes para desarrollarse y crecer a traves de su camino correcto. Este estudio muestra el impacto del tamano y la vida residencial en los estudiantes y su desarrollo.