Divriği Hospital - Medieval Healing Venue and Its Acoustic Characteristics

Divriği Great Mosque and Hospital as one of the World heritage monuments on UNESCO’s list was the subject of research. More precisely, the focus was on the architecture and the acoustic characteristics of the hospital built in 1228/1229 by Mengüjeck dynasty, a branch of Anatolian Seljuks. For the analysis purposes, a 3D model of the hospital was created, and the acoustic simulation was conducted. The results of the acoustic analysis show that the architectural characteristics of the hospital fulfill the acoustic standards for the good reception of the sound for the audience, and that it can be concluded that Divriği hospital venue supports the hypothesis of being suitable for the healing purposes. Hospital was designed to support the sound realization and to support the environmental soundscape in conjunction with the sounding makams, which supports the music therapy healing effect. It can be concluded that music therapy had acoustical support in the construction of Anatolian Seljuk hospitals, which have characteristics of concert halls and were built as acoustic (music) venues.

Review on Timber Portal Frames and Their Architectural Characteristics

Portal frames being the effective methods of construction today, have a lot to study in terms of their efficiency and material behavior. This review paper focuses on Timber as the material for the frames and its relevance. It involves the architectural features and its use in different types of occupancies with its changing character. Keywords: Timber, cost effective, reliable, simple construction.

Architectural Characteristics of Different Configurations Based on New Geometric Determinations for the Conoid

The aim of this article is to orient the evolution of new architectural forms offering up-to--date scientific support. Unlike the volume, the expression for the lateral area of a regular conoid has not yet been obtained by means of direct integration or a differential geometry procedure. In this type of ruled surface, the fundamental expressions I and II, for other curved figures have proved not solvable thus far. As this form is frequently used in architectural engineering, the inability to determine its surface area represents a serious hindrance to solving several problems that arise in radiative transfer, lighting and construction, to cite just a few. To address such drawback, we conceived a new approach that, in principle, consists in dividing the surface into infinitesimal elliptic strips of which the area can be obtained in an approximate fashion. The length of the ellipse is expressed with certain accuracy by means of Ramanujan’s second formula. By integrating the so-found perimeter of the differential strips for the whole span of the conoid, an unexpected solution emerges through a newly found number that we call psi (ψ). In this complex process, projected shapes have been derived from an original closed form composed of two conoids and called Antisphera for its significant parallels with the sphere. The authors try to demonstrate that the properties of the new surfaces have relevant implications for technology, especially in building science and sustainability, under domains such as structures, radiation and acoustics. Fragments of the conoid have occasionally appeared in modern and contemporary architecture but this article discusses how its use had been discontinued, mainly due to the uncertainties that its construction posed. The new knowledge provided by the authors, including their own proposals, may help to revitalize and expand such interesting configurations in the search for a revolution of forms.

The Characteristics Linkage Among Austronesian Houses

Abstrak. Hubungan Karakteristik Antara Rumah-Rumah Austronesia: Rumah-Rumah Tradisional di Luhak Agam, Rokan, dan Mandailing. Rumah Luhak Agam (termasuk Pasaman) yang berada di Sumatra Barat memiliki ciri khas tersendiri yang membedakan dengan Rumah Gadang Minangkabau lainnya yang berada di Luhak Tanah Datar dan Luhak Limapuluh Koto. Lokasi Luhak Agam sangat dekat dengan wilayah Rokan Hulu di Riau dan dengan wilayah Tapanuli Selatan (Mandailing-Natal) di Sumatra Utara. Sepintas, rumah adat mereka terlihat mirip, terutama pada bentuk atapnya. Sangat mungkin, di daerah ini telah terjadi sebuah proses berbagi budaya pada zaman dahulu. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini berusaha untuk mengeksplorasi dan membandingkan karakteristik arsitektur antara ketiga wilayah tersebut. Bagaimana keterkaitan karakteristik rumah antara ketiga wilayah tersebut? Metode penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif yang memilii maksud untuk melakukan perbandingan dan menggunakan sumber sejarah dan kebahasaan untuk mendapatkan kesimpulan yang lebih komprehensif. Sehingga penelitian ini dapat menunjukkan keterkaitan antara ketiga wilayah tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat proses berbagi sifat-sifat (traits) dan pengetahuan pada karakteristik antara variasi-variasi budaya austronesia pada masing-masing rumah-rumah mereka. Abstract. The Luhak Agam house (including Pasaman) in West Sumatra has its own characteristics that distinguished from other Minangkabau's Rumah Gadang in Luhak Tanah Datar and Luhak Limapuluh Koto. The location of Luhak Agam is very close to the Rokan Hulu area in Riau and South Tapanuli (Mandailing-Natal) in North Sumatra. At a glance, their traditional houses look similar, especially in the shape of the roof. There may have been cultural sharing in this area in ancient times. Therefore, the research tried to explore and compare their architectural characteristics. How is the linkage of the characteristics of the house? The qualitative research method compares and uses historical and linguistic sources to get a more comprehensive conclusion. So, this research can show the linkage between them. The results showed a process of traits and knowledge sharing among the Austronesian cultures variations in each of their houses.

Influence of the Height in a Colombian Multi-Tunnel Greenhouse on Natural Ventilation and Thermal Behavior: Modeling Approach

The dimensions of a passive greenhouse are one of the decisions made by producers or builders based on characteristics of the available land and the economic cost of building the structure per unit of covered area. In few cases, the design criteria are reviewed and the dimensions are established based on the type of crop and local climate conditions. One of the dimensions that is generally exposed to greater manipulation is the height above the gutter and the general height of the structure, since a greenhouse with a lower height has a lower economic cost. This has led some countries in the tropical region to build greenhouses that, due to their architectural characteristics, have inadequate microclimatic conditions for agricultural production. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect on air flows and thermal distribution generated by the increase of the height over gutter of a Colombian multi-tunnel greenhouse using a successfully two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. The simulated numerical results showed that increasing the height of the greenhouse allows obtaining temperature reductions from 0.1 to 11.7 °C depending on the ventilation configuration used and the external wind speed. Likewise, it was identified that the combined side and roof ventilation configuration (RS) allows obtaining higher renovation indexes (RI) in values between 144 and 449% with respect to the side ventilation (S) and roof ventilation (R) configurations. Finally, the numerical results were successfully fitted within the surface regression models responses.

Effects of Copenhagen Adduction Exercise on the Architectural Characteristics of Adductors in U-17 Male Soccer Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Groin injuries are one of the most prevalent in male soccer players, especially due to the hip adductor muscles’ weakness which is considered as a risk factor in these injuries. The Copenhagen adduction (CA) exercise has been demonstrated to increase the strength of adductor muscles, but its effects on the architectural characteristics of adductor muscles have not been studied yet. This study aimed to analyze the effects of the CA exercise on the muscle thickness of the adductors. Twelve male U-17 soccer players were randomized into two groups: the control group with no intervention and the experimental group with an intervention based on an eight-week training with CA exercise. The muscle thickness of adductors was measured before and after the intervention using ultrasound imaging. A significant increase in muscle thickness was found in both control (p = 0.002) and experimental group (p < 0.001), but the experimental group did not show additional effects in comparison with the control group. In conclusion, an 8-week CA exercise intervention does not increase the muscle thickness of adductors in U-17 soccer players more than their regular training.