Counteracting Selfish Nodes Using Reputation Based System in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a group of nodes constituting a network of mobile nodes without predefined and pre-established architecture where mobile nodes can communicate without any dedicated access points or base stations. In MANETs, a node may act as a host as well as a router. Nodes in the network can send and receive packets through intermediate nodes. However, the existence of malicious and selfish nodes in MANETs severely degrades network performance. The identification of such nodes in the network and their isolation from the network is a challenging problem. Therefore, in this paper, a simple reputation-based scheme is proposed which uses the consumption and contribution information for selfish node detection and cooperation enforcement. Nodes failing to cooperate are detached from the network to save resources of other nodes with good reputation. The simulation results show that our proposed scheme outperforms the benchmark scheme in terms of NRL (normalized routing load), PDF (packet delivery fraction), and packet drop in the presence of malicious and selfish attacks. Furthermore, our scheme identifies the selfish nodes quickly and accurately as compared to the benchmark scheme.

Analisis Kebijakan Dividen: Index CGPI sebagai Variable Moderasi

This study aims to empirically examine the effect of leverage, profitability, liquidity, the CGPI index in moderating, and the CGPI index in moderating dividend policy. This study uses quantitative methods with sample criteria are companies that do not consistently follow the CGPI ranking and companies that do not consistently distribute dividends. The object of research is a company registered in CGPI with data sources obtained at IDX and IICG. The results of this study, firstly, the effect of leverage on dividend policy has a significant positive effect, the high debt of the company causes the holding of the company's dividends. Second, the effect of profitability on dividend policy does not have a significant effect, because profitability is used for business expansion. Third, the effect of liquidity on dividend policy has an insignificant effect, because liquidity is used to pay off term debt with a period of less than one year. Fourth, the CGPI index as a moderating variable, the effect of leverage on dividend policy, cannot be moderated by the CGPI index, because good or bad reputation is not a guarantee if the company will give dividends to investors, because the company's main priority is paying off debt. Fifth, the CGPI index as a moderating variable, the influence of profitability on dividend policy, cannot be moderated by the CGPI index, because it is not always bad news for investors even if the company has a good reputation. Sixth, the CGPI index as a moderating variable, the influence of liquidity on dividend policy, cannot be moderated by the CGPI index, because high liquidity is not able to guarantee the amount of dividends distributed is getting bigger even if the company has a good reputation.

Social Ties impacting Audit Quality Exploring Government Entities

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to analyze the first hand data regarding intimacies between government entities and government audit institution of Pakistan, to see its impact on the quality. Design/Methodology/Approach: Qualitative research design is used to explore the concept base on theoretical saturation technique. Findings: The results revealed by default presence of social ties among interactive agents. It further explores indirect relationship between audit quality and social interactions in the presence of petty corruption due to familiarity, unwarranted mutual trust and favoritism however this relationship is shifted toward direct relationship in the presence of material corruption due to fear of losing good reputation, loss of job, fear of departmental inquiry, threat of floating your weaknesses before your rival clique. Implications/Originality/Value: The results presented in this paper should therefore be of great interest to government, regulators and standard-setters charged with developing accounting standards to improve the audit quality of reporting information related to existing government auditing setup.

Analisa Peningkatan Minat terhadap Produk Asuransi Syariah

The purpose of this research is to find out why the public interest in sharia insurance products is not too high, which is based on various factors of consideration both from the community and from the management of Islamic insurance companies. This study uses a qualitative approach, using data processing techniques based on interviews, observations, and documentation related to this research. The research results obtained are factors that are of interest to the community towards sharia insurance products, which must maintain a good reputation reflecting the quality and quantity of sharia insurance products and this is an assessment of the community itself. So that the better reputation of Islamic insurance will be an attraction for the public interest in Islamic insurance products. Keywords: Islamic Insurance, Interest, Influence.

COMMTRUST

We propose CommTrust for trust evaluation by mining feedback comments. Our main contributions include: 1) we propose a multidimensional trust model for computing reputation scores from user feedback comments; and 2) we propose an algorithm for mining feedback comments for dimension ratings and weights, combining techniques of natural language processing, opinion mining, and topic modeling. Extensive experiments on eBay and Amazon data demonstrate that CommTrust can effectively address the “all good reputation” issue and rank sellers effectively. To the best of our knowledge, our research is the first piece of work on trust evaluation by mining feedback comments.. An algorithm is proposed to mine feedback comments for dimension weights, ratings, which combine methods of topic modeling, natural language processing and opinion mining. This model has been experimenting with the dataset which includes various user level feedback comments that are obtained on various products. It also finds various multi-dimensional features and their ratings using Gibbs-sampling that generates various categories for feedback and assigns trust score for each dimension under each product level. Keywords: E-Commerce, Feedback mining, Trust score, Topic modeling, Reputation-based trust score

TESTIMONIE VERSUS DEFAMATION : EDUKASI BATASAN PENCEMARAN NAMA BAIK DAN PENDAPAT KONSUMEN DALAM MARKETPLACE

Marketplace connects sellers and buyers in conducting online buying and selling activities. One of the factors that influence consumers to buy an item from a seller is the assessment given by previous buyers in the form of ratings (in the form of stars with a rating scale of 1 to 5) and reviews. Criticisms written by previous buyers are often a consideration for potential buyers to buy the item from the seller, especially if the criticism relates to the quality of the product and the suitability of the product with the description written by the author. In addition, the reputation of the seller is also a consideration for potential buyers in buying an item from the seller. Nevertheless, the buyer as a consumer has the right to write an honest review in accordance with his experience of buying goods from the seller. However, it will be a problem if the rights of the buyer or consumer in the provisions of Article 4 letter d of the Consumer Protection Act are used without being accompanied by their obligations as a buyer or are used excessively to violate the seller's right to have a good reputation. So it is necessary to educate the public regarding this phenomenon. Methods of implementing community service activities by conducting workshops through the Youtube Platform. So that through this Educational Video uploaded on YouTube media, at least it can educate the public to become smart people in media, namely: one's ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and communicate information in various forms of media and one's ability to think critically in accepting a information.Marketplace menghubungkan penjual dan pembeli dalam melakukan kegiatan jual beli secara online. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi konsumen untuk membeli suatu barang dari penjual adalah penilaian yang diberikan oleh para pembeli sebelumnya yang berupa ratings (yang berupa bintang dengan skala penilaian 1 sampai 5) dan ulasan. Kritik yang dituliskan oleh para pembeli sebelumnya seringkali menjadi pertimbangan bagi calon pembeli untuk membeli barang tersebut dari penjual, terutama apabila kritik tersebut berkaitan dengan kualitas produk dan kesesuaian produk dengan deskripsi yang dituliskan penulis. Selain itu, reputasi penjual juga menjadi pertimbangan calon pembeli dalam membeli suatu barang dari penjual tersebut. Meskipun demikian, pembeli selaku konsumen berhak untuk menuliskan ulasan jujur sesuai dengan pengalamannya membeli barang dari penjual. Namun akan menjadi masalah apabila hak pembeli atau konsumen dalam ketentuan Pasal 4 huruf d Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen tersebut digunakan tanpa disertai dengan kewjibannya sebagai pembeli atau digunakan secara berlebihan hingga melanggar hak penjual untuk memiliki reputasi yang baik. Sehingga perlu dilakukan Edukasi masyarakat terkait fenomena tersebut Metode pelaksanakan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dengan melakukan Workshop melalui Platform Youtube. Sehingga melalui Video Edukasi yang diunggah dalam media yotube ini setidaknya dapat mengedukasi masyarakat untuk menjadi orang-orang yang cerdas dalam bermedia adalah : kemampuan seseorang untuk mengakses, menganalisis, mengevaluasi, dan mengkomunikasikan informasi dalam berbagai bentuk media dan Kemampuan seseorang untuk berpikir kritis dalam menerima sebuah informasi.

No effect of ‘watching eyes’: An attempted replication and extension investigating individual differences

Some evidence suggests that people behave more cooperatively and generously when observed or in the presence of images of eyes (termed the ‘watching eyes’ effect). Eye images are thought to trigger feelings of observation, which in turn motivate people to behave more cooperatively to earn a good reputation. However, several recent studies have failed to find evidence of the eyes effect. One possibility is that inconsistent evidence in support of the eyes effect is a product of individual differences in sensitivity or susceptibility to the cue. In fact, some evidence suggests that people who are generally more prosocial are less susceptible to situation-specific reputation-based cues of observation. In this paper, we sought to (1) replicate the eyes effect, (2) replicate the past finding that people who are dispositionally less prosocial are more responsive to observation than people who are more dispositionally more prosocial, and (3) determine if this effect extends to the watching eyes effect. Results from a pre-registered study showed that people did not give more money in a dictator game when decisions were made public or in the presence of eye images, even though participants felt more observed when decisions were public. That is, we failed to replicate the eyes effect and observation effect. An initial, but underpowered, interaction model suggests that egoists give less than prosocials in private, but not public, conditions. This suggests a direction for future research investigating if and how individual differences in prosociality influence observation effects.

Peer review declaration

All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing. • Type of peer review: A group of reviewers with good reputation of international publication were assigned to review the manuscripts of ICOSAE 2020 using Konfrenzi Automated Conference System. Prior to the review process, all the reviewers were briefed by Prof. Ade Gafar Abdullah on a virtual meeting regarding the reviewing process. As many as 10 reviewers were then eligible in which each was sent 7 – 10 papers through the submission system. They were given two weeks to finish their review process and given a certain amount of incentive once they finish their task. After the deadline, the reviewed manuscripts were sent to the participants (authors) using the system through their personal account. The authors were given two weeks to revise their manuscripts and send them back to the committee using their account. Papers whose revision was in accordance with the reviewers’ comments went into final editing process (paper template layout checking, proofreading, etc.) and those which need further revision went into the second round of review process. All the manuscripts and other required data were submitted to IOP after they passed final editing. • Conference submission management system: Konfrenzi Automated Conference System • Number of submissions received: 99 • Number of submissions sent for review: 98 • Number of submissions accepted: 81 • Acceptance Rate (Number of Submissions Accepted / Number of Submissions Received X 100): 81/99 x 100 = 81.8% • Average number of reviews per paper: 3 • Total number of reviewers involved: 10 • Any additional info on review process: • Name and affiliation of the contact Ade Gafar Abdullah PT Rumah Publikasi Indonesia Jl. Chrysant No.37 Pondok Hijau Indah, Bandung Barat, Indonesia, 40559 Phone:+6281394554252 [email protected]

On proportions of catamarans and regulation of their stability

Catamarans have obtained good reputation as recreational and passenger craft, and are perspective type of craft for the Russian market. Safety of catamarans is proven by the experience on foreign countries including trans-ocean passages. But for catamarans problems exist with their stability regulation; this forces shipbuilders and operators to look for other solutions. Application of criteria for monohull ships dictates proportions of catamarans with which they are losing efficiency and decreasing their safety. The paper touches importance of justified proportions of catamarans from viewpoints of their hydrodynamics and habitability. Analyzed are problems of regulation and existing approaches of specialized rules. In the paper recommendations on stability regulation are presented based on practical experience of the author.