Analysis and Evaluation of the Development of Various k-Values for Use in Design

Inconsistency exists between common conversions from soil index properties (e.g., CBR) to a design k-value and a widespread nomograph that has become the definitive industry reference on the topic in the United States. Propagation of these inconsistencies into guidance from groups like the American Concrete Pavement Association (ACPA) and American Concrete Institute (ACI) Committees 330 and 360 has contributed to confusion in the industry. Advancements between the pavement and slab-on-ground communities have occurred in parallel but are inconsistent with each other, thus adding more confusion. ACPA developed a conversion set to better align the industry on a static k-value for design. While the ACPA model is included in StreetPave, PavementDesigner.org, and the ACPA App Library, outdated conversion equations are frequently used due to familiarity and lack of understanding of the underlying principles. This paper presents a summary of the industry's prior practices and recommendations, a detailing of the approach proposed by ACPA, and guidance on which k-value is recommended for design of concrete pavements and slabs-on-ground.

Impact sound pressure values - Field measurements for different configurations of concrete slabs on the ground

The presentation will summarize and discuss values of field measured normalized impact sound pressure level L'n,w measured sideways with different configurations of concrete slabs on ground within buildings. All results are adjusted to receiving room volume of 100 m3 and with thickness of concrete slab 80-100 mm. Measurement on continuous concrete slab on expanded polystyrene gives L'n,w between adjoining rooms of 74 dB. Different principles of splitting have been investigated to evaluate the effect on L'n,w. The configuration where only the concrete slab is split (and with a plastic film between the concrete base and the upper layer of expanded polystyrene), gives L'n,w of approximately 66 dB which is 8 dB lower than for a continuous bare concrete slab. When both the concrete slab and the upper layer of expanded polystyrene are split, measurements show L'n,w of 58-61 dB for the case of no flooring, which is 13-16 dB lower than for a continuous concrete slab (no split). When both concrete slab and all layers of polystyrene are split down to continuous foundation measurements show L'n,w of 55 dB. The situation with concrete slab and all layers of polystyrene split and with no foundation beneath gives L'n,w of 46 dB. Consequences for airborne sound and R'w will be discussed as well for the above mentioned configurations.