Harnessing the Power of Reflective Journal Writing in Global Contexts: A Systematic Literature Review

writing that has significant impacts on student writers worldwide and identify the qualities of reflective journal writing that foster transformative practices involving personal, relational, and intellectual activities. This systematic literature review incorporated important theoretical frameworks into acceptable convictions. A thorough analysis of 20 recently published research articles (out of 450) from 2016 to 2021 aimed to present written arguments that support thesis positions and credible evidence, as well as determine the global contexts of writing practices. The findings showed that reflective journal writing reinforced a profound transformation to further explore self-discovery, self-inquiry, and critical ideas. It is also concerned with writing performance, as well as the advancement of cognitive and metacognitive writing skills. Reflective journal writers' voices empowered significant changes in a variety of writing aspects, including personal idea exploration, creativity, self-organization, and professional practice development. These findings have implications for encouraging critical reflection, self-expression, and critical thinking among students. They should write reflective journals that can have an impact on a global community and allow them to bring about transformations.

Identifikasi Kesulitan Guru PAI Kota Medan dalam Implementasi Kurikulum 2013

The implementation of the 2013 Curriculum until now is increasingly reaping problems. Although this curriculum has been running for seven years, it seems that this curriculum still has obstacles in some schools, especially in the field of Islamic religious education studies. This research aims to find out and examine the difficulties experienced by PAI teachers in implementing the 2013 Curriculum in the city of Medan. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach that is studied through literature studies. Data collection was obtained through interview techniques with PAI teachers in Medan. The results of this study show that there are several difficulties experienced by PAI teachers in the implementation of the 2013 Curriculum, including lack of understanding of the teacher itself with the content of the 2013 curriculum as a whole, inadequate facilities as a means of support in supporting learning. Some learning materials require a time allocation that is more than the specified time. The solution offered in this case first; increased knowledge and application of the 2013 curriculum for teachers. It can be done by following open discussions, training and other intellectual activities. In addition, teachers are required to be creative in designing learning through innovative media and good learning strategies and methods.

Dynamic Correlates of Novice Educational Psychologists’ Vitality as aSupra-professional Competency

На наш взгляд, важной надпрофессиональной компетенцией педагога-психолога является жизнеспособность, под которой понимается совокупность способностей и свойств личности, обеспечивающих управление своими личностными, профессиональными и социальными ресурсами для успешной адаптации, самореализации и саморазвития, а также преодоления трудных ситуаций во всех сферах профессиональной и личной жизни. Актуальность исследования определяется отсутствием в психолого-педагогической науке теоретической и эмпирической основ для осуществления индивидуального подхода в развитии жизнеспособности педагогов-психологов на этапе их профессиональной подготовки. Становление жизнеспособности личности детерминируется в том числе психодинамическими особенностями человека, что диктует необходимость учета свойств темперамента при организации процесса ее развития у будущих педагогов-психологов. Цель исследования заключалась в выявлении психодинамических коррелятов жизнеспособности будущих педагогов-психологов. Гипотеза состояла в предположении о том, что показатели жизнеспособности будущих педагогов-психологов связаны с их формально-динамическими свойствами. В исследовании были использованы опросник структуры темперамента, ОСТ-150/STQ (В. М. Русалов), опросник «Жизнеспособность личности» (А. А. Нестерова), опросник «Жизнеспособность взрослого человека» (А. В. Махнач). В статье представлены выявленные эмпирическим путем особенности жизнеспособности и темперамента будущих педагогов-психологов, а также положительные связи между интеллектуальной эргичностью, психомоторной пластичностью и скоростью, коммуникативной скоростью и показателями жизнеспособности, отрицательные корреляции между коммуникативной пластичностью и эмоциональностью с некоторыми показателями жизнеспособности будущих педагогов-психологов. Обращено внимание на необходимость дополнительных исследований потенциала высшего психолого-педагогического образования для развития жизнеспособности студентов, имеющих низкий уровень психомоторной и интеллектуальной активности при высокой коммуникативной пластичности и эмоциональности. The author of the article believes that educational psychologists’ supra-professional competencies include vitality, which is a combination of various abilities that enable one to manage one’s personal, professional and social resources for efficient adaptation, self-fulfilment and self-development as well as to enable one to successfully overcome challenges in professional and personal life. The relevance of the research is accounted for by the fact that psychology and pedagogy lack theoretical and empirical foundation for the individualized development of novice educational psychologists’ vitality during their studies. The development of one’s vitality is determined by one’s psychodynamic peculiarities. Therefore, to develop novice educational psychologists’ vitality, it is necessary to take into consideration their temperament. The aim of the research is to investigate psychodynamic correlates of novice educational psychologists’ vitality. The hypothesis of the research consists in an assumption that novice educational psychologists’ vitality indicators are related with their dynamic correlates. The research uses the Structure of Temperament Questionnaire (V. M. Rusalov), Subjective Vitality Questionnaire (A. A. Nesterva), Adults’ Subjective Vitality Questionnaire (A. V. Makhnach). The article presents empirically discovered peculiarities of novice educational psychologists’ vitality and temperament. It shows a positive correlation between intellectual ergicity, psychomotor speed and plasticity, communicative speed and vitality. It also shows a negative correlation between communicative plasticity and vitality in novice educational psychologists. The author underlines that in order to promote vitality development in students with feeble psychomotor and intellectual activities, but good communicative plasticity and emotionality, it is necessary to further investigate the potential of higher psychological and pedagogical education.

Social media and the reading culture revolution among digital natives

Reading is one of the intellectual activities that only humans have that develops along with the writing system. The culture of reading does not just grow, because human history records the development of the writing system through a very long journey. The study, which involved 41 respondents aged 17-21 years who were randomly selected, showed a shift in the reading culture from print media to online media, related to reading patterns, gender aspects, reading frequency, and duration. From a gender aspect. The shift in the reading culture among young people is also greatly influenced by the characteristics of online media that print media lacks. The practicality and mobility of online media as well as easy access are some of the advantages that attract young media users. Books, newspapers/tabloids, and magazines do not have this characteristic. required Greater effort is more expensive to access print media which is incompatible with the characteristics of the digital natives. Although it has a number of advantages, online media is still considered to have a number of weaknesses compared to print media. One of the weaknesses of online media is the inaccuracy of the information, because the writing often does not apply the principle of cross-checking and confirmation, and contains more subjective opinions. The survey results reinforce the tendency of new media audiences to be not merely positioned as objects that are the target of messages. The tendency to change in reading culture is closely related to audiences and changes in media technology and the meaning of media have renewed the role of audiences to become more interactive with messages, and new media consumers who are dominated by young people can determine how to access according to their wants and needs.

Legal means of protecting the rights to the results of intellectual activities in healthcare in international business

The author analyzes the legal means of protecting the rights to the results of intellectual activity through the TRIPS agreement and its impact on the development of international business in the field of healthcare. Attention is paid to the national patent policies of different legal orders, exploring the theoretical differences in the policies of different countries. It also addresses key domestic implementation policy issues as the new rules move from the international to the national level. Finally, it examines the implications of TRIPS for managing innovation in ICT-based industries, including pharmaceuticals, and where ICT has enabled global value chains, where the speed and distributed nature of innovation makes intellectual outcomes both less efficient and more necessary

Prevalence of Dementia in China in 2015: A Nationwide Community-Based Study

Objective: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and associated risk factors among the general Chinese population.Methods: We carried out a nationwide study including 24,117 participants aged 60 years and older in China using a multistage clustered sampling. Dementia and AD were diagnosed according to the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and the criteria issued by the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke–Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association. Face-to-face interviews were administered by the trained interviewers to obtain information on demographics, lifestyle factors, and previous diseases.Results: The overall weighted prevalence of dementia was 4.22% (95%CI 2.27–6.17%) for people aged 60 years and older, was higher in women than in men and increased with age. Daily tea drinking and daily exercises were the protective factors for both dementia and AD. Engaging in social and intellectual activities was significantly associated with a lower risk of dementia and AD.Conclusions: A large number of population with dementia posed a significant challenge to China where the population is rapidly aging. The increase of public awareness, building more care facilities, and training dementia specialists and professional caregivers are all urgently needed and should be the future priorities of dementia care in China.

The Role of Legal Algorithmic Language in the Identification, Disclosure, and Investigation of Extremist Crimes Committed Through Use of the Internet

For the proper detection, disclosure, and investigation of extremist crimes committed through use of the Internet, it is necessary to create methods for the study of electronic documents and other information contained in systems of various types. At the same time, an important role can be played by information technologies using elements of artificial intelligence, which provide increased capabilities for investigators intellectual activities as a result of interaction with them using a legal algorithmic language. Toward this end, it is necessary to create several types of local thesauri and formalize the relationships between the concepts included therein. The features of control over the formation of detailed criminal law characteristics of crimes of the type under consideration, as well as the processing of information in electronic digital form to obtain the necessary evidence, along with their verification and evaluation, are discussed.

ANÁLISIS DE LAS FINALIDADES EDUCATIVAS DE UN TEXTO ESCOLAR DE LENGUAJE Y COMUNICACIÓN DE CHILE A PARTIR DE LA MIRADA DEL VALOR COGNITIVO DE LOS CONOCIMIENTOS QUE SE PROPONEN

This article proposes a learning content analysis model proposed in a curriculum. It questions the educational purposes of a Chilean language and communication textbook based on Young's (2008; 2009) proposal regarding the cognitive value of knowledge that empowers students. The emancipatory objective of a school curriculum would result from the structuring and organization of said knowledge. What is knowledge that empowers? What are the intellectual activities in which the teaching of this knowledge involves students? In this contribution, we conceptualize knowledge that empowers by referring to the relationships between two processes of generalization of experience, as outlined by Vygotsky (1934/1997) in his discussion of the relationships between everyday concepts and scientific concepts. Although with important limitations, our data analysis highlights that in order to analyze the emancipatory potential of a school curriculum, it is necessary to take into account the way it organizes and structures knowledge. Throughout the article, we show that empowering knowledge is developed through teaching-learning activities that involve the person in a process of theoretical generalization. Finally, we highlight the contradictions between the emancipatory purposes that are announced by its designers and the way in which knowledge is organized and structured in the mother tongue teaching curriculum.

Associations Between Intellectual and Social Activities With Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in China: A Prospective Cohort Study

Background: Frailty is one of the most important global health challenges. We aimed to examine the associations between frequency of intellectual and social activities and frailty among community-dwelling older adults in China.Methods: This is a prospective analysis of older adults (aged ≥60 years) who had intellectual and social activity data and were free of frailty from the national representative China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The exposure was frequency of intellectual and social activities. Frailty was measured by the frailty index (FI) and defined as FI ≥ 0.25. Frailty incidents were followed up for 2 years. We estimated the relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using log-linear binominal regression adjusting for potential confounders.Results: We documented 655 frailty cases over the past 2 years. Participants who had frequent intellectual activities had a lower frailty risk compared with participants who did not have intellectual activity (adjusted RR = 0.65, 95%CI = 0.47–0.90). The adjusted RRs were 0.51 (95%CI = 0.33–0.77) for participants who did not have a slip or a fall accident and 1.06 (95%CI = 0.65–1.75) for participants who had experienced slip and fall accidents (P = 0.01 for interaction). Having frequent social activities was not associated with a significant decrease in frailty risk compared with participants who did not have social activity (adjusted RR = 0.93, 95%CI = 0.78–1.12).Conclusions: This observational study showed that having frequent intellectual activities was associated with a decreased frailty risk. The association was likely to be stronger in participants without a slip or a fall accident. Randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm this observational finding.