river bank erosion
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2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunal Chakraborty ◽  
Snehasish Saha

AbstractBank erosion is the predominant character of River Mahananda in the Sub-Himalayan North Bengal. The present study aims to identify the bank erosion mechanism as well as the impact of river bank erosion on land use and land cover (LULC) dynamics of the study area. Survey of India (SOI) topographical map 78 B/5 (1975) and satellite imageries for the temporal year of 1991 and 2019 from USGS have been used for the study. For the assessment of bank erosion process Bank erosion hazard index (BEHI) model has been adopted here. The channel migration has been delineated by the superimposition of temporal bank lines extracted from the temporal satellite imageries. LULC analysis has been carried out through the supervised classification technique using remote sensing and GIS tools. Form the assessment of BEHI it can be visualized that the scores have been ranging from 30.75 to 44.30 which indicates high to very high vulnerable areas under fluvial erosion. The channel migration for the temporal period from 1991 to 2019 is ranging from 7.72 to 411.16 m along the studied reach which reflects the high erosion effectiveness. From LULC classes it has been assessed that settled or built-up areas have been increased and the water body is gradually decreased overall in the study area. The study resulted that the river bank erosion has its direct impact on land use of the studied area. In the study vulnerable sites to fluvial erosion have been delineated and unplanned land use can be managed through sustainable way.


2021 ◽  
pp. 499-512
Author(s):  
Masjuda Khatun ◽  
Sk Mujibar Rahaman ◽  
Sanjoy Garai ◽  
Pulakesh Das ◽  
Sharad Tiwari

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Md. Rayha Ali ◽  
Zihad Ahmed ◽  
AHM Hedayutul Islam ◽  
Md. Mizanoor Rahman

Riverbank erosion, a regular natural phenomenon in the lower confluence deltaic country like Bangladesh. Among the natural disaster effecting Bangladesh each year, river bank erosion is the most vulnerable in term of effected people and loss of assets. As a riverine country there are huge number of rivers and their tributaries and distributaries criss-crossed over the country, but the mighty three rivers like the Padma, Jamuna and Meghna are mostly known for the erosional characteristics. River bank erosion possesses as a significant, endemic and recurrent natural disaster in Bangladesh by these rivers. This research is designed to explore the erosional pattern of the river Jamuna and its impact on population migration and the adaptation strategy of the migrants. For the study primary data were collected from the study area through questionnaire survey, FGD and mapping analysis while secondary data were collected from published and unpublished reports of different offices such as land office, union parisad office, census report, BBS, WDB etc. However, to analyze the trend of erosion mapping analysis was conducted through ArcGIS 10.3 and for statistical analysis SPSS software was used. The research findings indicate that the Jamuna is a highly dynamic river in term of erosion. Due to its severity and dynamic erosional pattern possess mass number of people to be displaced by losing settlements and agricultural land. River bank erosion of Jamuna River invites many obligatory problems at different stages of displacements like loss of residence, household assets, agricultural land etc. Though it pushes the victims to readjust all their activities associated to livelihood pattern as an adaptation strategy with a newer socio-environmental situation, but very often becomes unable to recover the damage even spending considerable time. From this point of view, river bank erosion needs to be considered as a unique disaster and give attention to take comprehensive riverbank erosion management policy, so that problem can be minimized to a tiny scale.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghulam Abbas ◽  
Seifeddine Jomaa ◽  
Michael Rode

<p>Information on the share of river bank erosion to the total sediment load at catchment scale by using the fingerprinting approach is important to address our knowledge of erosion processes to better target soil erosion control measures. In particular, river bank erosion is affected by many factors such as spatial and temporal variables and is difficult to quantify the relationship of the share of bank erosion to catchment size and upland erosion rate without extensive fieldwork and data analysis. Potential tracers including geochemical, fallout radionuclides, bulk and compound-specific stable isotopes, and magnetic properties have been used, often in combination with sediment source apportionment. In this worldwide review, the global dataset for percent share of river bank and surface erosion using fingerprinting approach was collected to establish the significance of catchment size and other physical controls on river bank erosion. Google Scholar and Web of Science were used to review research articles that included river bank/subsurface as one of the sediment sources in the study areas. This database showed that the UK (n = 84), USA (n = 14) and Brazil (n = 10) had the highest number of catchments, followed by Iran (n = 4), Southern Zambia (n = 1), Australia (n = 1), Spain (n = 1), Mongolia (n = 1) and Burkina Faso (n = 1) ranging in size from 0.31 to 15000 km<sup>2</sup>, predominately agriculture. Based on published studies, there is a clear shift of sediment sources from surface erosion to river bank erosion with increasing catchment size. The results show the wide range of relative contributions of surface and river bank sources to the catchment sediment yield around the globe. There are a number of catchments with river bank contribution exceeding 25% and surface contribution exceeding 90% of total sediment loss. This diversity highlights the many factors that influence river bank erosion. In addition to the wide range, sediment source contribution in the range 1-25% from river bank is generally representative around the World. We recommend that long term monitoring of sediment load and surface and river bank sources at nested sites within a catchment are indispensable. Furthermore, limited information on the share of sources often makes it difficult to target mitigation measures reducing sediment loads at the catchment scale.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Sediment load, catchment size, fingerprinting approach, river bank share</p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-346
Author(s):  
Samrat Majumdar ◽  
◽  
Sujit Mondal ◽  

River bank erosion is a hazardous and common phenomenon in diara region near Malda district of North East India during monsoon and post-monsoon periods of every year. One of the significant causes behind the erosion is the textural composition and its arrangement along the river bank. The left bank of Ganga River is texturally very weak along diara region of Malda district. In the present study, the nature of riverbank soil textural composition has been measured by basis parameters analysis and mechanical analysis of soil and its erodibility level. Sieve analysis has been done on all collected soil samples and determines soil basic parameters. The nature of the soil has been derived through the mechanical analysis of particles after Folk and Worst method. Besides that, the degree of soil erodibility has been analyzed through the Bouyoucos Erodibility Index and ROM scale after Roslan and Mazidah. The results show that the erodibility levels become high to the moderate condition along the middle to lower extension of left bank line and relatively low along with upper extension according to ROM scale. Nature of soil along the left bank is dominantly sandy which also indicates the vulnerable condition of bank sites. Basic parameters of soil and its mechanical analysis also reveals that unstable condition exists along with the whole extension of the riverbank line but instability condition is increasing from upper to lower segment of bank line. So the risk of riverbank failure can be measured by determining the textural composition of the soil.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A Sutfin ◽  
Joel Rowland ◽  
Mulu Fratkin ◽  
Sophie Stauffer ◽  
Rosemary Carroll ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Dipika Dutta ◽  
Anil Kumar Misra ◽  
Amit Srivastava ◽  
Sajjaf Jawaid

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