The effect of slaughter age and sex class to carcass characteristic of Red Brahman Crossbred Cattle

This research was conducted to examine the effect of slaughter age and sex class to carcass characteristic from Red Brahman Crossbred Cattle. The research materials were 126 heads (grouped by slaughter age (<1,5 years, 2-2,5 years, and 3 years) and sex class (bull and steer)) with taken from KASA Company, rested for 12-24 hours, and slaughtered in AM FARM abattoir with halal MUI slaughter methods. The research method was used field experiment. The data of research were analysis by using Complete Randomized Factorial Design (2X3) and Duncan Multiple Range Test if there were differences. Parameters of carcass characteristic were slaughter weight, hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, carcass components percentage (meat, bone, fat), MBR, MFR, rib eyes area, and 12th fat thickness of ribs. The results of this research showed that slaughter age and sex class has significantly (P<0,05) affect to slaughter weight and hot carcass weight. Interactions of slaughter age and sex class has significantly (P<0,05) affect dressing percentage, bone and meat percentage, MBR and MFR, and has not significant (P>0,05) rib eyes area and fat thickness. From these results, it can be concluded that slaughter age and sex class affect carcass characteristics of Red Brahman Crossbred Cattle.

PSVIII-21 Multi-strain probiotics improved carcass characteristics and meat quality in pigs

Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. Many studies have demonstrated that probiotics could enhance the growth performance of swine, but rare evidence on meat quality. Therefore, a combination of Lactobacillus and Bacillus strains, SYNLACTMLeanAd (SLA), on carcass characteristic, meat quality and cecal microbiota of pig was conducted. 60 LYD weaned pigs were randomly allotted to control (corn-SBM based diet, CT), antibiotic (basal diet with 200 ppm Amoxicillin, AB), and multi-strain probiotics (basal diet with SLA at 106 CFU/g feed, SLA). Pigs fed treatment diets from 7 to 130 Kg BW (24 wks) with 20 pigs/TRT, and individual pigs used as experimental unit for carcass evaluation. There were no differences on carcass weight and carcass yield. Lean percentage of CT, AB and SLA were 54.01, 51.54, and 54.75%, respectively (P &gt; 0.05) with subcutaneous fat 21.59, 21.21, 17.22%, and backfat 3.08, 3.21, 2.76 cm, individually (P &gt; 0.05). However, the longissimus muscles area was improved (62.77 vs. 68.42 vs. 91.59 cm2, P &lt; 0.05), loin weight increased (3.52 vs. 3.49 vs. 4.52 Kg, P &lt; 0.05) with greater marbling score (2.38 vs. 1.80 vs.2.78, P &lt; 0.05) in SLA. Sensory evaluation showed pigs fed SLA had higher juiciness score (3.55 vs. 3.18 vs. 3.91, P &lt; 0.05) with better overall acceptance. It is unclear pork quality was different between treatments; however, cecal microbiome gene sequencing suggested a potential linkage of gut microbiota modification and pork quality by AB or SLA feeding.

PSIX-10 Effect of different levels of DMI on O2 consumed, CO2 released, growth and carcass characteristic in feedlot cattle

Our objective was to determine the effect of different levels of dry matter intake (DMI) on O2 consumption, CO2 emission, growth, and carcass characteristic in feedlot cattle. The experiment used 60 individually fed backgrounded Angus × SimAngus-crossbred steers (n = 30) in a randomized complete block design. Steers (paired blocked by body weight and gain to feed ratio (G:F) were randomly allocated to one of the following treatments: ad-libitum (AI) or restricted intake (RI; the same diet fed at 85% of the AI) finishing diet. The diet contained 61% cracked corn, 9% corn silage, 15% DDGS, 5% soyhulls, and 10% of a protein-mineral-vitamin premix. Measurement of CO2 emission, and consumption of O2, were taken using the Greenfeed system (n = 15/treatment) once the steers were fed for 140 days. Plasma and gas samples were collected 10 d before slaughter, 1 h before and 2 h after feeding. Plasma glucose and insulin concentration and gasses (O2 and CO2) were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS evaluating the fixed effect of treatment, time (repeated measurement) and their interaction. Growth and carcass characteristics were analyzed with a similar model, without the time statement and its interaction. Compared with RI, AI steers had greater (P &lt; 0.01) DMI and average daily gain (ADG). Steers on AI tended to have greater final body-weight (BW) (P = 0.07) and ribeye area (P = 0.09) (Table 1). There was no effect of treatment (P ≥ 0.11) on G:F, subcutaneous (BF) and intramuscular (IM) fat, O2 consumption and CO2 emission. Plasma glucose concentration of AI steers were greater before and after feeding than RI (P &lt; 0.05; Table 2). In conclusion, feeding steers ad-libitum increased DMI, ADG, and plasma glucose concentration, but does not affect G:F, BF, IM fat, CO2 emission, and consumption of O2.

Efecto de la harina de pupas y larvas de gusano de seda como componentes proteicos de la dieta sobre indicadores de rendimiento en conejos

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of feeding rabbits with silkworm pupae and mealworm larvae meals on their performance indicators. Ninety (90) rabbits were divided into three groups. Control group (C) was fed with 10% soybean meal (SBM), SPM group received the diet including 5 % SBM and 4 % of silkworm pupae meal, and MLM group received the diet including 5 % SBM and 4 % of mealworm larvae meal. The body weight of rabbits and average daily gains were determined. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was calculated. At the end of fattening period, the animals were euthanized, skinned and eviscerated to determine their carcasses characteristic. Hind leg and loin muscles were collected for analyses of the chemical composition. At the end of fattening period, rabbits from groups SPM and MLM were heavier than C rabbits (2,606.5 and 2,584.8 vs 2,404.0 g), which also improved their overall carcass characteristic while FCR was similar between groups. However, feeding rabbits with the addition of insect's meals increased the amount of ether extract in their muscles. Based on the results obtained, it may be concluded that SBM may be partially replaced by silkworm pupae and mealworm larvae meals in rabbit diets.

EVALUATION OF THE GROWTH AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF THE JAPANESE QUAIL (Coturnix conturnix japonica) IN NIGERIA

Two experiments were designed to study the growth and carcass characteristics and the effects of system of management on the Japanese quail. In the first experiment, 138 birds raised to 8 weeks of are were used to study the growth and carcass characteristics of quails. Day old weight averaged 8.67±0.75y while body weights at 4 and 8 weeks of age were 130.38±21.81g and 175.08±21.23g respectively. Feed conversion rate to 8 weeks was 6.42 with each bird consuming 1067.68g feed. No significant sex differences (P>0.05) were observed in the average yield of parts although the males had slightly higher dressed and eviscerated weights and percent wing, back and neck than females. Dressed weight was 93.55% on the average while eviscerated weight was 68.61%. the carcass contained 74.20% moisture, 69.63%CP and 26.5% fat. In the second experiment, 120 birds were used to test the effect of management system (floor vs. cage) on growth and carcass characteristic of the quail. Although floor rearing had a slight advantage over cage rearing in terms of weight gain, feed conversion ratio and carcass yield, the differences were not significant (P>0.05).

EVALUATION OF THE GROWTH AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF THE JAPANESE QUAIL (Coturnix conturnix japonica) IN NIGERIA

Two experiments were designed to study the growth and carcass characteristics and the effects of system of management on the Japanese quail. In the first experiment, 138 birds raised to 8 weeks of were used to study the growth and carcass characteristics of quails. Day old weight averaged 8.67 -0.75y while body weights at 4 and 8 weeks of age were 130.38-21.81g and 175.08€ 21.23g respectively. Feed conversion rate to 8 weeks was 6.42 with each bird consuming 1067.68g feed. No significant sex differences (P>0.05) were observed in the average yield of parts although the males had slightly higher dressed and eviscerated weights and percent wing, back and neck than females. Dressed weight was 93.55% on the average while eviscerated weight was 68.61%. The carcass contained 74.20% moisture, 69.63%CP and 26.5% fat. In the second experiment, 120 birds were used to test the effect of management system (floor vs. cage) on growth and carcass characteristic of the quail. Although floor rearing had a slight advantage over cage rearing in terms of weight gain, feed conversion ratio and carcass yield, the differences were not significant (P>0.05).

The effect of age, birth weight and milk suction time on some carcass characteristics and load distribution ratio (LDR): Eastern Anatolian red cattle example in Turkey

The aim of this research is to evaluate the current situation and create a model for some countries involved in animal production. Eastern Anatolian Red (EAR) breed that adapts to arid and barren areas has been raised in Turkey. The experimental animals comprised 31 head of EAR cows of different ages, fed on pastures and in the barn. This study determined the effects of age, birth weight and suction time on carcass characteristics of EAR cows. The animals were divided into 6 groups based on birth weight, 4 groups based on age and 6 groups based on milk suction time. They were reared under a conventional system that was based on grazing during summer and a semi-intensive system during winter. Carcass length, fat thickness over longissimus dorsi, marbling score, and LDR were significantly (P< 0.05) affected by age group. Significant (P< 0.05) differences were noted for carcass length, fat thickness over LD, and marbling score among animals with different birth weights. The milk suction time had a significant (P< 0.05) effect on all the parameters measured. In this research, the 4th age group was seen advantageous based on carcass characteristics and LDR and resembled other groups. As indicated in the study, the carcass characteristic output from the 2nd birth weight group shows that carcass length was a far more important output than other carcass portions or carcass quality parameters. Similarly, the 1st group based on milk suction time came to the forefront for some carcass characteristic, although it indicated partial similarity with other groups.

The Effect of Nano-Encapsulation Phaleria macrocarpa Fruits Extract in Drinking Water on the Digestive Tract and Carcass Characteristic of Broiler Chickens

The present study was to evaluate the effects of nano-encapsulated Phaleria macrocarpa fruit extract (NEPM) in drinking water on the digestive organs and carcass characteristic of broiler chickens. A total number of two hundred male broiler chicks were randomly divided into five treatments with four replicates, each replicate contained ten chickens. Broiler chickens have received a basal diet supplemented with or without experimental treatments. Five experimental treatments were: control diet (T0; negative control), diet with tetracycline (T1; positive control), diet with 2.5% of Phaleria macrocarpa fruits extract (T2), diet with 2.5% NEPM (T3), and diet with 5.0% NEPM (T4). The diets were based on yellow corn and soybean meal and contained 20.44% crude protein, 2,917.47 kcal/kg metabolizable energy, 0.84% Calcium, and 0.51% available Phosphorus. On the 35th day, one bird from each replicate pen was slaughtered. Carcass characteristics and weights of digestive organs were measured. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA in a completely randomized design. The orthogonal contrast test was used to separate the mean when the P-value was less than 5%. Results showed that the use of nano-encapsulated Phaleria macrocarpa fruits extracts up to 5.0% in the diet did not give any significant effect on the carcass, digestive organs, heart and liver weights of broiler chickens. It can be concluded that the supplementation of Phaleria macrocarpa fruits extracts whether nano-encapsulated or not, did not affect carcass weight, weights of digestive organs and weights of the heart and liver of broiler chickens.