applied model
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Author(s):  
Renata G. de Oliveira Fontan ◽  
Rodrigo Alvarenga Rosa ◽  
Adonai José Lacruz

ABSTRACT Objective: the objective is to compare the relative efficiency of the railways specialized in transporting iron ore (MFe) and pellets (PLMFe), which are part of the assets of mining companies and pellet plants considering the 2016 scenario. Methods: the methods used were the data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique, with the application of the output-oriented constant returns scale (CRS) model; the initial combinatorial multicriteria method for choosing the input variables; and Tobit regression as a validation strategy for the DEA model. Results: of the twelve railways evaluated, three railways were identified as efficient: Estrada de Ferro Carajás, Fortescue, and Mount Newman. Conclusions: the applied model was considered a good method to evaluate the efficiency of railways specialized in transporting MFe and PLMFe, as it determined the efficiency of each railway, suggesting the necessary increase in the output variable or adjustments in the input variables so that the railways reach the efficiency frontier. With that, companies can use the results of this study to guide future improvements to make their railways more efficient or maintain them on the frontier of efficiency.


2022 ◽  
pp. 52-75
Author(s):  
Sara Gusler ◽  
Victoria Carr ◽  
Holly Johnson

This chapter presents an applied model for supporting preschool children's executive function, skills that serve as protective factors against risks associated with poverty, using Rosenblatt's transactional theory. The authors posit pedagogy that elicits children's responses to an author's/illustrator's picturebook whereby preschool readers' responses are mediated by the teacher through reflective discussion. Children are encouraged to reflect upon literary characters' motivations, behaviors, and problem solving. A demonstration case analysis shows how this model is implemented in a diverse and inclusive university laboratory preschool program where approximately half the children are served through Head Start, a federal program for children living in poverty. Given the preschool years are an especially sensitive period for acquisition of executive function skills, the authors assert that supporting young children's transactions with and interpretations of a text is the type of transactional strategy that has potential for narrowing the opportunity gap.


Author(s):  
Renata G. de Oliveira Fontan ◽  
Rodrigo Alvarenga Rosa ◽  
Adonai José Lacruz

ABSTRACT Objective: the objective is to compare the relative efficiency of the railways specialized in transporting iron ore (MFe) and pellets (PLMFe), which are part of the assets of mining companies and pellet plants considering the 2016 scenario. Methods: the methods used were the data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique, with the application of the output-oriented constant returns scale (CRS) model; the initial combinatorial multicriteria method for choosing the input variables; and Tobit regression as a validation strategy for the DEA model. Results: of the twelve railways evaluated, three railways were identified as efficient: Estrada de Ferro Carajás, Fortescue, and Mount Newman. Conclusions: the applied model was considered a good method to evaluate the efficiency of railways specialized in transporting MFe and PLMFe, as it determined the efficiency of each railway, suggesting the necessary increase in the output variable or adjustments in the input variables so that the railways reach the efficiency frontier. With that, companies can use the results of this study to guide future improvements to make their railways more efficient or maintain them on the frontier of efficiency.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guzel Salimova ◽  
Alisa Ableeva ◽  
Aygul Galimova ◽  
Ramzilya Bakirova ◽  
Tatiana Lubova ◽  
...  

PurposeUsing the example of Russia, this paper studied and analyzed productivity of the labor force in agriculture as an important industry for ensuring the sustainable development of the country.Design/methodology/approachAt the first examination stage, the time series of data on labor productivity and real wages in agri-food companies were examined as modern works on the matter tend to highlight the relationship between productivity and remuneration insufficiently. At the second stage, labor productivity was assessed through the rate of change in the share of wages in the gross domestic product. At the last stage, an applied model of the relationship between labor productivity in agriculture and various impact factors was developed.FindingsIt showed that the efficiency of the labor force in the considered area depends greatly on technical equipment and crop yield. Besides, the study findings revealed that the traditional economic relationship between productivity and wages is invalid in the examined regions of Russia. There is a significant reserve for increasing labor productivity by providing additional motivation for employees.Originality/valueThe successful development of agricultural production can be achieved by implementing innovations, facilitating digitalization, attracting investments, increasing the level of interest of those employed in labor results and producing high-quality goods.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Johann Michael Köhler

The personal risks of infection, as well as the conditions for achieving herd immunity, are strongly dependent on an individual’s response to the infective agents on the one hand, and the individual’s reactions to vaccination on the other hand. The main goal of this work is to illustrate the importance of quantitative individual effects for disease risk in a simple way. The applied model was able to illustrate the quantitative effects, in the cases of different individual reactions, after exposition to viruses or bacteria and vaccines. The model was based on simple kinetic equations for stimulation of antibody production using different concentrations of the infective agent, vaccine and antibodies. It gave a qualitative explanation for the individual differences in breakthrough risks and different requirements concerning a second, third or further vaccinations, reconsidering different efficiencies of the stimulation of an immune reaction.


Author(s):  
Nadia Sagita ◽  

Critical thinking should be given to students as they age in the 21st century. The continued impact of perception shows that there are still many students who do not have the option to overcome their thinking, speaking, and logic skills. Observation results show that many students have not been able to utilize their intellectual ability to think critically. Furthermore, the evaluation questions that have been given by the teacher are not analyticalin nature, resulting in not triggering students to think critically. Problem Based Learning (PBL) is a model of learning that is suitable for stimulatingstudents' critical thinking. The purpose of this research that produces the E-module -based PBL valid, p practical and i effective. Type researchis development research. The Plomp model is the applied model. The results of the study resulted in the level of validity of the PBL -based E-module which was 89.10% (very valid). The results of the practicality level of teachers are 94.17% (very practical) and the level of practicality by students is 86.47% (very practical). The results of the PBL -based E-module effectiveness test show that the PBL -based E-module is very effective. Thus, the conclusion is that the PBL -based E-module that has been developed is very valid, very practical, and very effective.


2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-401
Author(s):  
VAN HONG, NGUYEN ◽  
TRUONG AN, DANG

The work was proceeded to define the suitable period for planting cassava crops in Han Thuan Bac district of Binh Thuan province, Vietnam to reduce the negative impacts of weather factors. The work was deployed applying the FAO-Aqua Crop model to calculate the tuber yield of cassava plants under the cassava farming practices (CFP) to seek the suitable planting period (SPP). The applied model was appraised through the calibration and validation procedures with the index of agreement (IA), correlation coefficient (CC) and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) varying from 0.82 to 0.88, 0.81 to 0.89 and 0.21 to 0.29, respectively. Based on the calibrated and validated procedures it can state that the proposed model is suitable for simulating the tuber yield of cassava across the study area. The simulated results indicated that the application of the CFP on Julian days from 110 to 150 for Vu Xuan crop and from 100 to 140for Vu He crop the tuber yield of cassava can improve up to 8.9 per cent and 6.0 per cent, respectively compared to the current farming practices.


Vibration ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 853-864
Author(s):  
Allan de Barros ◽  
Ahmed Galai ◽  
Amir Ebrahimi ◽  
Babette Schwarz

The vibration on the stator core of hydrogenerators caused by electromagnetic forces is an important factor affecting the reliability and long-lasting operation of a machine. For a suitable addressment of the problem, it is necessary to accurately predict the eigenmodes and eigenfrequencies of the mechanical system. However, different results for the eigenfrequencies can be achieved depending on the applied model and material parameters. This work contributes to solving this issue by investigating the impact of different input parameters on the eigenmodes and eigenfrequencies calculated by analytical and numerical models. The results are discussed and compared to measurements performed on a prototyped 732 kVA hydrogenerator.


2021 ◽  
Vol 904 (1) ◽  
pp. 012074
Author(s):  
A O Mahmoud ◽  
M A Khalaf

Abstract Livestock constitute an essential and important part of the agricultural sector, and sheep are the mainstay in livestock, as their products come to the fore; Being an essential source of daily food; And because they also have a high nutritional value compared to plant products, and sheep are characterized by being highly efficient in food conversion, as it was mainly relied on the data obtained from the questionnaire form, where a random sample was taken of 20 sheep breeders whose sheep number exceeds 500 head of sheep. The results of this study showed that the transfers of traded inputs (J) with a negative sign, amounting to about (-9008) thousand dinars, which indicate that the social prices of traded inputs (F) are greater than private prices (B), which means that there is real support for the inputs. Stores within the applicable policy. The transfers of local resources (K) came with a negative sign and a value of (18249-) thousand dinars, which indicates the existence of support for local resources because their value at social prices is higher than their value at private prices, meaning that the protection is negative for the local product, while between the nominal protection coefficient for traded inputs which appeared With a positive value less than the correct one, its value amounted to (0.88), which indicates that the prices of traded inputs are lower than the prices of their international counterparts, and this confirms the existence of real support provided for these inputs by the state, and the cost factor of the local resource (comparative advantage factor) also appeared. With a positive sign, its value amounted to (0.24), which means that the Iraqi product has a comparative advantage and efficiency for its local production of sheep, while between the effective protection factor, which came with a positive value, its value was (0.30), which is less than one. This means that local producers receive their returns in the event that there are The price intervention policy is less than returns in the absence of it, and it showed that it is less than the right one, that is, the commodity system loses its profits in favor of other sectors.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (13 (113)) ◽  
pp. 14-25
Author(s):  
Olha Ilyash ◽  
Liubov Smoliar ◽  
Ruslan Lupak ◽  
Nataliia Duliaba ◽  
Iryna Dzhadan ◽  
...  

A theoretical-applied model has been built for analyzing industrial-technological development directly within the system of economic security. A system of indicators has been constructed that are mutually agreed in the context of the analysis of the state of economic security and components of industrial-technological development (investment, international, environmental, educational, scientific, industrial, innovative, technological). Based on the system of indicators, analysis of variance in the industrial-technological development and level of economic security was carried out. The levels of correlation of indicators (high, medium, low) have been determined, based on which the interrelations of industrial-technological development and economic security were systematized. A graphic-analytical and regression procedure was used to define the correlation dependence of industrial-technological development on economic security. The industrial-technological development has been forecasted in terms of the indicators with high correlation (the level of investment, openness of the economy, export of high-tech products, industrial products index) and medium correlation (the share of renewable energy consumption, the level of expenditures on education to GDP, the share of specialists performing scientific and technical work). The system of indicators of economic security assessment has been expanded in terms of its individual components (investment-innovative, foreign economic, energy, social, macroeconomic security), taking into consideration aspects in the industrial-technological development. Using the reported analytical and predictive results makes it possible to establish groups of factors that influence the industrial-technological development and economic security. In this way, it becomes possible to identify those tools and means whose application could ensure an increase in the level of industrial-technological development and economic security


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