The Process of Changing the Modern and Contemporary Name of Stone Seated Bodhisattva from Hansongsa Temple Site and Its Meaning

This paper studies the changing process of the honorific name of the Stone Seated Bodhisattva from Hansongsa Temple Site according to the modern and contemporary political and social circumstances. The National Treasure no. 124, the stone image, was carried out to Japan in 1911, donated to Tokyo Imperial Museum, and got the honorific name, 'Tara Bodhisattva,' and the record of the remaining Treasure no. 81, the stone statue, considered as Manjusri, was discovered in Korea. Also, The return of National Treasure no. 124 in 1966 is considered to be the significant event for the change of the honorific name again. There was a disagreement between Korea and Japan on the significance of the image. Japanese academia agreed to return the image because it considered the treasure was not worth possession whilst Korean academic circle treated it as a sculpture that represents the return of Korean remains scattered in Japan. After the return of the National Treasure no. 124, Stone Seated Bodhisattva from Hansongsa Temple Site has been studied actively through the methodology of stylistic analysis in Korean academia. As a result, the overall opinion that Manjusri as the National Treasure no. 124 and Samantabhadra as the treasure no. 81 should be reconsidered because, at present, due to the impairment of animal-shaped pedestals which is considered as the clear evidence for two figures, there is no way to distinguish which stone is Manjusri and which Samantabhadra. Through the above discussion this paper tried to reflect on the significance of the stone seated statues of Hansongsa temple site by looking at the changes of the honorific name tracing the modern and contemporary research history of the stone seated images.

Improving the Safe Operation of Platoon Lane Changing for Connected Automated Vehicles: A Novel Field-Driven Approach

Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) platoons have been widely researched because of their efficiency advantages. However, most studies mainly focus on the stability control of platoon and there is a lack of in-depth consideration of platoon lane changing. In order to make up for this vacancy, this study focused on the dynamic gap in the platoon lane changing process. First, an intra-platoon potential field of vehicles in the platoon was established by combining the repulsive force under vehicle safety and the gravity inside the platoon, which can effectively characterize the risk distribution around vehicles. Second, the platoon lane changing process was designed and critical distances of platoon vehicles under different conflict situations were analyzed. Based on this, this study proposed a critical distance model of platoon lane changing. Furthermore, we also found that the critical distances for platoon lane changing were within an interval with upper and lower bounds, which was different from the minimum distance of non-platoon vehicles. Finally, experiments were conducted and the results showed that the proposed model could effectively represent the relationship between the distance between vehicles in the platoon and the motion state of the surrounding vehicles. Moreover, the proposed method could also be applied to the lane-changing maneuver of a self-organizing platoon at a strategic level in a CAVs system.

Authenticity Paradox: an Examination on Local Gastronomy

Local gastronomy offers authenticity, an important element of tourist experience. However, some tourists cannot experience gastronomic products in their exact authentic forms. This issue causes from tourists' typology, importance level of gastronomy, and quest for authenticity. For serving widely variated tourists, producers of the local gastronomic products make changes in the essence of products. Current study aims to investigate changing process of gastronomic products’ authenticity which are served in the context of tourism, and to develop an understanding on causes and costs of deterioration. Methodologically, existing literature had evaluated with conceptual inferences. As the findings propose, the changes start with touristic exploration which is followed by tourism-related deterioration. After deterioration, if process of recovery conducted, turning back to the exact form of authenticity does not seem possible. The alternative forms of authenticity are most likely to occur. Additionally, mistaken perspectives like considering recovery preventions as short-term actions can lead the deterioration again, like a loop. Raising awareness for prevent this loop is this study's critical proposition to destinations. Opening new horizons for the phenomenon of authenticity and overthrowing the idea that see tourists as the sole reason for deterioration are the contributions to the literature. The changes that lead deterioration are responsibility of locals, too.

Manâfidu al-Muharramât ilâ Muntijâti al-Halâl: “Dirâsah Tahlîliyah fî Dhaw’i Ma’âyir Majma’ al-Fiqh al-Islâmî al-Dawlî wa al-Ma’âyir al-Mâlayziah”

This paper examines the changing process of unlawful (haram) materials into a lawful (halal) product according to both International Islamic Fiqh Academy standard and Malaysian standard. To harmonize those two halal standards on certain products, the subdiscipline of fiqh which determines lawful product standardization has put some fundamental sharia laws to clearly distinguish between halal and haram. The changing process is based on so called istihalah, referring to the merge among halal and haram and istihlak or possibility to take rukhshah (legal relief) and easiness to cope with any difficult condition using darurat (emergency causes) and umum al-balwa (common disaster). However, critical points of the standardization method need to well described, mainly on its composition based on shariah rules of halal product. The discussion covers difference opinions on the sharia law to the weak political policy on the Islamic law arrangement for halal product standardization that it is recommended to consider clear and more careful concepts (instead of istihalah, istihlak, darurat and umum al-balwa) in formulating the law.

Alteration among the patch test allergens in the environmental standard baseline series of the Allergology Laboratory of the National Dermatological and Venereological Institute and the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology of Semmelweis University

The patch test has been the standard diagnostic tool of verifying contact hypersensitivity for decades. The test’s methodological elements and the tested allergen groups are the achievements of a dynamically changing process of the 20th century. Most commonly, the environmental standard baseline series is used in everyday clinical practice. Te frst environmental series in Hungary, which was recommended for national use, was created in the Allergology Laboratory of the National Dermatological and Venereological Institute in the 1970 years. It consisted of 21 allergens. Afer the Institute’s closure, the Semmelweis University, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology continued to perform the patch testing. Te number of the baseline series members became more than doubled by now. This review aims to summarise the alterations in the environmental standard baseline series of the Allergology Laboratory of the National Dermatological and Venereological Institute and the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology of the Semmelweis University and the sensitisation frequencies registered from 1976 to 2016 per 10 year periods.