Речевой образ постсоветской бизнес-элиты

The material is devoted to the description, including on the basis of experimental data, of the speech image of the post-Soviet business elite. The study was carried out in the paradigm of the Lotman’s semiosphere. Three clusters are described – the verbal, the cognitive, and the pragmatic one. The study is based on an integrative methodology for objective speech portraying the personality, who uses hybrid image strategies and tactics due to the ambiguous perception of the business elite in modern Russian public opinion.

ON THE SYSTEM OF QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE CRITERIA FOR EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LEGAL INSTRUMENTS FOR SECURING THE PROPERTY INTERESTS OF THE STATE, ECONOMIC ENTITIES AND CITIZENS

The purpose of the article is to propose a system of quantitative and qualitative criteria for assessing the effectiveness of legal instruments to ensure the property interests of the state, businesses and citizens. Achieving the goals of the article is possible through the use of general research methods and special methods of studying legal phenomena and processes. Among others, methods of induction and deduction, historical and comparative law, modeling, abstraction and others were used, which allowed to analyze the processes of protection of property and property relations in the economy, social sphere, foreign economic activity and propose criteria for assessing the impact of a normative legal act (NLA) on these processes and relationships. The application of the above methods of scientific knowledge allowed to propose the following conditionally quantitative criteria: the number of changes and additions made to the NLA; the number of appeals to law enforcement and judicial bodies due to the threat to the property interests of the state, business entities or citizens; dynamics of the number of “raider” attacks on property of the state, business entities and citizens; the number of references to NLA in the scientific and special professional legal literature; the number of views and downloads of NLA on the Internet; the level of support for the NLA among lawmakers, government officials and the business elite and society at large; and the following conditionally qualitative criteria: the form and structure of the NLA, as well as the legal technique of setting out its provisions; the level of confidence of domestic and especially foreign investors; the NLA has pro visions on liability for damage to property and property rights with a mandatory relationship with the rules of criminal and administrative law; the degree of compliance of the Ukrainian NLA and the level of its implementation with European and world standards. It is concluded that the given non-exclusive list of 10 criteria, none of which can be considered absolutely objective, in its entirety can be recognized as a system, the complexity of which will bring the assessment of the effectiveness of legal interests of the state, businesses and citizens to objective.

Transition to telehealth

In recent years, telemedicine has been increasingly incorporated into medical practice, a process which has now been accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. As telemedicine continues to progress, it is necessary for medical institutions to incorporate telemedicine into their curricula, and to provide students with the necessary skills and experience to effectively carry out telemedicine consultations. The purposes of this study are to review the involvement of medical students with telemedicine and to determine both the benefits and the challenges experienced. A literature review on the MEDLINE; CINAHL Plus; APA PsychInfo; Library, Information Science and Technology Abstracts; and Health Business Elite databases was performed on September 7, 2020, yielding 561 results. 33 manuscripts were analysed, with the main benefits and challenges experienced by medical students summarized. In addition to increasing their understanding of the importance of telemedicine and the acquisition of telemedicine-specific skills, students may use telemedicine to act as a valuable workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic. Challenges that students face, such as discomfort with carrying out telemedicine consults and building rapport with patients, may be addressed through the incorporation of telemedicine teaching into the medical curricula through experiential learning. However, other more systemic challenges, such as technical difficulties and cost, need to be examined for the full benefits of telemedicine to be realized. Telemedicine is here to stay and has proven its worth during the COVID-19 pandemic, with medical students embracing its potential in assisting in medical clinics, simulation of clinical placements, and online classrooms.

Mapping the literature of health care management: an update

Objective: This study aims to identify the core journals cited in the health care management literature and to determine their coverage in the foremost bibliographic databases used by the discipline.Methods: Using the methodology outlined by the Medical Library Association’s Nursing and Allied Health Resource Section (NAHRS) protocol for “Mapping the Literature of Nursing and Allied Health Professions,” this study updates an earlier study published in 2007. Cited references from articles published in a three-year range (2016–2018) were collected from five health care management journals. Using Bradford’s Law of Scattering, cited journal titles were tabulated and ranked according to the number of times cited. Eleven databases were used to determine coverage of the most highly cited journal titles for all source journals, as well as for a subset of practitioner-oriented journals.Results: The most highly cited sources were journals, followed by government documents, Internet resources, books, and miscellaneous resources. The databases with the most complete coverage of Zone 1 and 2 were Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, and PubMed, while the worst performing databases were Health Business Elite, ABI/Inform, and Business Source Complete.Conclusions: The literature of health care management has expanded rapidly in the last decade, with cumulative citations increasing by 76.6% and the number of cited journal titles increasing by nearly 70% since the original study. Coverage of the core journals in popular databases remains high, although specialized health care management and business databases did not perform as well as general or biomedical databases.

EVALUATION OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC RESULTS OF UKRAINIAN ECONOMY MANAGEMENT

The paper was focused on researching the evolution and the reasons for the crisis in the economy of Ukraine for the period of independence. It was determined that the changes in the social and economic nature of the country’s development were followed by discrepancy in power and resources relations as well as in opposition between political forces and business elite. We analyzed the dynamics of changes in the main macroeconomic indicators in the development of the Ukrainian economy. The results showed that large-scale changes had different effects on the development of the national economy, which was characterized by long periods of crisis and short periods of extensive growth. Three main crises in the economical development have been characterized and the reasons for this were identified. We performed an assessment of the multiple indicators dynamics that characterise the outcomes of the economical governance. Specifically, the level of GDP per capita using purchasing power parity, the dynamics of export, import and balance of foreign trade as well as the dynamics of changes in the index of capital investment and the index of economic freedom. It has been established that the presence of effective structural changes in the economy of the country has caused the accumulation of internal and external economic imbalances. The results of the analysis of the rating assessment of the economy of Ukraine by international organizations showed consistently low positions of the country. We concluded that ineffective economic development became one of the main reasons for the deterioration of the social development of the country. Negative indicators of such development were a sharp decline in population, life expectancy, low wages and social security compared to other European countries.

Double Objective in Mind: Translating American Management Ideas in the Context of Cold War Finland

The transfer of American management ideas was a central part of the Cold War struggle over ideologies. A key mediator was the European Recovery Program, which conveyed American influences to European management specialists. However, a direct influence was not always possible, as in Finland, which officially blocked assistance because of foreign policy considerations. Still, it was among the first countries to follow Harvard University’s lead in launching advanced management training. We examine how and why the focal actors adopted the American model of executive education, and how they managed to translate foreign ideas persuasively to the local business elite. The translation of executive education to Finland was a lengthy process that involved modification and readjustment of the original idea according to emerging needs. The Advanced Management Program became the core of the curriculum of Finland’s leading executive education institution and thus has influenced the emergence of new business culture.

Profitable partnerships: The Chinese business elite and Dutch lawyers in the making of Semarang

This article examines the collaboration between the law firm of C.W. Baron van Heeckeren from Semarang and the Oei Tiong Ham Concern (OTHC). From the 1880s this Dutch law firm became the centre of a close-knit group of Dutch lawyer-entrepreneurs who through interlocking business directorships developed important sectors of the Javanese economy and the city of Semarang. In doing so Van Heeckeren and his associates teamed up with the Chinese business elite of the port-city. In particular they worked with the foremost Overseas Chinese capitalist, Major Oei Tiong Ham, developing profitable partnerships. The Dutch lawyers acted not only as his legal advisors, but developed his sugar empire as directors-shareholders, held major stakes in his shipping business and coolie trade, and profited from his opium trade. They moreover helped Oei Tiong Ham to acquire real estate and enterprises formerly belonging to powerful Chinese opium farmers and collaborated with him in developing infrastructural and housing projects. This article provides new and revealing details about how the business world of colonial Java worked during the early phase of Dutch economic imperialism and how the Chinese business elite seized the opportunities provided by the Dutch colonial state to advance their business interests.

GOVERNMENT-OPPOSITION RELATIONS IN UKRAINE, 2010–2013

Summary. The research aims at defining the key methods Yanukovych’s regime applied to fight the opposition parties and their top leaders. The research methodology is based on historicism and objectivity principles, comprises general scientific (analysis, synthesis, comparison) as well as specified historic methods (those of diachrony, synchrony, historical genesis and retrospective). The article’s scientific novelty is determined by a system analysis of the methods Yanukovych’s retinue applied against his political opponents highlighting their role in building up the fourth President of Ukraine’s authoritarian rule. Conclusions. The specificity of Ukraine’s political and legislative climate under Yanukovych’s rule has been demonstrated. The patterns of the criminal proceedings against the opposition leaders have been defined and researched. The criminal prosecution against Yuliya Tymoshenko, the Preimer and the leader of Batkivshchyna party, following her government’s management audit, serves as a case of Ukraine’s political field’s prime cleanup. The key phases of the criminal prosecution against Yurii Lutsenko, the Orange Top leader, have been defined. The political repressions of more than twenty Tymoshenko’s supporters, the article suggests, serves as a background for preparing and implementing the tax overhaul project authored by V. Yanukovych and S. Tigipko. The fundamentals of this reform, as well as its reception by Ukrainian business elite, have been analyzed in brief to provide the necessary context, i.e., to demonstrate the roles the agents affiliated with the Regions Party had taken and the methods they applied to break the so-called Tax Maidan and to subsequently persecute its organizers and participants. Specific attention has been paid to the fight Yanukovych’s regime initiated against the radical right and nationalist movement, forging the criminal cases against the members of certain nationalist organizations and movements functioning in Zaporizhzhya and Kyiv regions, i.e., "Tryzub" ("The Trident"), "Ukraine’s Patriot", "Social National Assembly". Restraining the forces opposite to the Regions Party and the regime was done through bribing or granting governmental preferences to the business elites. The secret ledgers of the Regions Party serve as an important source for identifying the officials thus corrupted by the regime. To define the corruption scales and the key bribery initiators identities, a thorough analysis of these ledgers (known as "the spreadsheets") has been provided.

THE PROBLEM OF RELATIONS BETWEEN BIG BUSINESS AND NAZISM IN THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE UNITED STATES AND GREAT BRITAIN

The article presents an analysis of the works of American and English historians devoted to one of the key problems in the history of Nazism - the problem of relations between the NSDAP and big business during the Weimar Republic. The collapse of the first democratic republic and the rise of the Nazis to power were a great tragedy for world history. What forces destroyed the Weimar Republic, and who is responsible for it, this question has always aroused the interest of historians. The literature on this topic is very large, so the main attention is paid to the works of the most famous American and English specialists. The article traces the evolution of historians' assessments of the role of the monopolistic bourgeoisie for the rise of the Nazis to power from the 1930s to the present day, highlights the stages in the development of American and English historiography, due to the change of research paradigms and generations of historians. Most American and British historians reject the definition of fascism given at the XIII Plenum of the ECCI on fascism as an open terrorist dictatorship of the most reactionary, most chauvinistic and most imperialist elements of financial capital. However, in most of the works, the responsibility of the business elite for the collapse of the Weimar Republic is more or less recognized. The article draws conclusions about the prospects and directions of further study of this problem.