Modified transpalatal arch to correct sagging of palatal cusp of maxillary 2nd molar

“Sagging” of the palatal cusp of upper second molars is a common finding observed during orthodontic treatment which may develop heavy balancing side contacts, which have been found to be detrimental to harmonious function of the masticatory system. Various modifications of transpalatal arch (TPA) are advocated to correct crossbite, but most of them will utilize an additional step of soldering a wire attachment to TPA. In this clinical pearl, the TPA was fabricated using a single wire component, eliminating an additional step of soldering.

Acquisition of the counting principles during the subset-knower stages: Insights from children’s errors

Studies on children’s understanding of counting examine when and how children acquire the cardinal principle: the idea that the last word in a counted set reflects the cardinal value of the set. Using Wynn’s (1990) Give-N Task, researchers classify children who can count to generate large sets as having acquired the cardinal principle (cardinal-principle-knowers) and those who cannot as lacking knowledge of it (subset-knowers). However, recent studies have provided a more nuanced view of number word acquisition. Here, we explore this view by examining the developmental progression of the counting principles with an aim to elucidate the gradual elements that lead to children successfully generating sets and being classified as CP-knowers on the Give-N Task. Specifically, we test the claim that subset-knowers lack cardinal principle knowledge by separating children’s understanding of the cardinal principle from their ability to apply and implement counting procedures. We also ask when knowledge of Gelman & Gallistel’s (1978) other how-to-count principles emerge in development. We analyzed how often children violated the three how-to-count principles in a secondary analysis of Give-N data (N = 86). We found that children already have knowledge of the cardinal principle prior to becoming CP-knowers, and that understanding of the stable-order and word-object correspondence principles likely emerged earlier. These results suggest that gradual development may best characterize children’s acquisition of the counting principles, and that learning to coordinate all three principles represents an additional step beyond learning them individually.

Improved Docking of Protein Models by a Combination of Alphafold2 and ClusPro

It has been demonstrated earlier that the neural network based program AlphaFold2 can be used to dock proteins given the two sequences separated by a gap as the input. The protocol presented here combines AlphaFold2 with the physics based docking program ClusPro. The monomers of the model generated by AlphaFold2 are separated, re-docked using ClusPro, and the resulting 10 models are refined by AlphaFold2. Finally, the five original AlphaFold2 models are added to the 10 AlphaFold2 refined ClusPro models, and the 15 models are ranked by their predicted aligned error (PAE) values obtained by AlphaFold2. The protocol is applied to two benchmark sets of complexes, the first based on the established protein-protein docking benchmark, and the second consisting of only structures released after May 2018, the cut-off date for training AlphaFold2. It is shown that the quality of the initial AlphaFold2 models improves with each additional step of the protocol. In particular, adding the AlphaFold2 refined ClusPro models to the AlphaFold2 models increases the success rate by 23% in the top 5 predictions, whereas considering the 10 models obtained by the combined protocol increases the success rate to close to 40%. The improvement is similar for the second benchmark that includes only complexes distinct from the proteins used for training the neural network.

Steganography Using Bin-Walk Tool & Its Overview

In this paper, a detailed overview on steganography & its Types, tools, techniques is conducted to study and look over them. This research involves the steganography using binwalk tool in the Necromancer. Necromancer is the vulnerable virtual machine, in order to gain the root access of VM (Virtual Machine) there are 11 flags to collect on the way, Few flags are found by using the Binwalk tool, to know the hint behind image, so we have used an Image steganography in one of flag of Necromancer. Flags are nothing but any encrypted code. Steganography refers to the act of camouflage the secret data within any image, audio, video in order to avoid the detection. The secret data is then extracted at its destination. The use of steganography are often combined with encryption as an additional step for hiding or protecting data.

Optimization of Carotenoids Production from Camelina Sativa Meal Hydrolysate by Rhodosporidium Toruloides

BackgroundPetrochemical synthetic dominates several markets, and carotenoids are not an exception. Since their applications in the food, feed and cosmetic sectors, carotenoids of natural origin are increasingly requested, but the production needs to be sustainable also in terms of initial feedstock. For these reasons we deployed the carotenogenic yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides to obtain such compounds from Camelina sativa meal, an underrated lignocellulosic biomass. As the process starts from hydrolyzed biomass, we separately optimized enzymatic and biomass loadings, to reduce the overall process costs. ResultsThe best conditions (9% w/v biomass, 0.56% w/wbiomass enzymes) were tested in different settings, in which fermentation was separate or co-current with the hydrolysis, showing similar carotenoids productions. The process was implemented in stirred-tank bioreactors, obtaining 3.6 ± 0.69 mg/L of carotenoids, and showing to be robust towards changes in different parameters. ConclusionsThese data pave the way to evaluate a possible industrialization of this bioprocess, considering the opportunity to optimize the use of different amounts of biomass and enzyme loading. In addition, the test in bioreactor is an additional step to further develop the proposed process.

Lifecycle Optimization of Smart Contract for Flexibility

<div>Smart contract-based methods are used to implement the blockchain applications. While smart contracts have separate pre-deployed steps, which are suitable for applications that are deployed once and invoked many times. However, there are smart contracts that are used only one time (the disposable smart contract) or few times. Pre-deployment requires an additional step and additional transactions, which bring burdens (such as longer waiting time and more transaction fees) to users. In this paper, we propose a new Lifecycle model of smart contracts, which allows combining the pre-deployment with function invocations. This facilitates the usage of the disposable smart contract, as users are only required to send one transaction to perform both the pre-deployment and the function invocation. Together with the smart contract separation, it also allows participants to customize their special smart contracts at the request time. At last, we verify the proposed model and it shows the potential to save additional burden and to facilitate the usage of the smart contract.</div>

Lifecycle Optimization of Smart Contract for Flexibility

<div>Smart contract-based methods are used to implement the blockchain applications. While smart contracts have separate pre-deployed steps, which are suitable for applications that are deployed once and invoked many times. However, there are smart contracts that are used only one time (the disposable smart contract) or few times. Pre-deployment requires an additional step and additional transactions, which bring burdens (such as longer waiting time and more transaction fees) to users. In this paper, we propose a new Lifecycle model of smart contracts, which allows combining the pre-deployment with function invocations. This facilitates the usage of the disposable smart contract, as users are only required to send one transaction to perform both the pre-deployment and the function invocation. Together with the smart contract separation, it also allows participants to customize their special smart contracts at the request time. At last, we verify the proposed model and it shows the potential to save additional burden and to facilitate the usage of the smart contract.</div>

Iron-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Thioesters and Organomanganese Reagents

We report a Fukuyama-type coupling of thioesters with aliphatic organomanganese reagents utilizing a cheap and easily available iron(III) catalyst. The reactions exhibit a wide tolerance of solvents and functional groups (e.g. ketones, esters, aryl(pseudo)halides) allowing for the conversion of thioesters derived from natural products and pharmaceutical compounds. Investigations showed a strong steric influence from each reaction component (carboxylic moiety, thiol substituent and manganese reagent), which enabled regioselective transformation of dithioesters. Tandem transformations combining the coupling with an additional step were observed. Our experiments provide insights into the potential of the employed aliphatic manganese reagents, such as the interaction between iron, manganese and oxygen, which allows for a smooth conversion.

Iron-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Thioesters and Organomanganese Reagents

We report a Fukuyama-type coupling of thioesters with aliphatic organomanganese reagents utilizing a cheap and easily available iron(III) catalyst. The reactions exhibit a wide tolerance of solvents and functional groups (e.g. ketones, esters, aryl(pseudo)halides) allowing for the conversion of thioesters derived from natural products and pharmaceutical compounds. Investigations showed a strong steric influence from each reaction component (carboxylic moiety, thiol substituent and manganese reagent), which enabled regioselective transformation of dithioesters. Tandem transformations combining the coupling with an additional step were observed. Our experiments provide insights into the potential of the employed aliphatic manganese reagents, such as the interaction between iron, manganese and oxygen, which allows for a smooth conversion.