Relations between the RSFSR and the Ukrainian SSR in the 1920s: diplomatic and administrative-institutional aspects

The article discusses the specifity of the relations between the RSFSR and the Ukrainian SSR in 1919–1929. The authors present the relations between the goverments of the two republics and actions of the Russian side aiming to transforme into the unitary state, initially rather loosely connected among them the constituent elements of the Soviet state. Relations between RSFSR and the Ukrainian SSR were burdened with significant disavantages from the very beginning, as the former appropriates the rights of the union center. The article explains also the role and the place of the permanent representations of the union republics in Moscow, as well as the influence of the commissioners (Ukrainian government representatives in Moscow) on Soviet Russia’s policy towards Ukraine. Permenent ignoring by the government in Moscow of Ukraine’s needs and expectations, prompted the leadership of the party and the government of Ukrainian SSR to seek protection of its economic interests at the institutional level. With the creation of the USSR, the legal status of the republics included in that state changed. Relations between the republics lost their interstate character. In place of the existing ones, new representations were established to ensure the maintenance of permanent ties between the government of the RSFSR and the governments of the union republics.

Aktualisasi Kepemimpinan Astha Brata Dalam Era Millenial

<p><em>The teachings of astha brata leadership inherited from our ancestors are contained in old texts and are often presented in wayang shows, in this millennial era less and less known and unknown to the next generation of the nation's children. So it is very feared that the heritage of local wisdom values will be lost in the motherland. The purpose of this paper is to examine, express and actualize the concept of astha brata leadership in order to keep it alive, develop and be applied in the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, on the basis of Pancasila, the 1945 Constitution and Bhinneka Tunggal Ika. In this study, a comparative approach is taken about Astha Brata's leadership through the Ramayana, Serat Ajipamasa, and the wayang story of Wahyu Makutharama. The method applied is content analysis, which includes the analysis of differences in content and personification in Astha Brata leadership. The results of the discussion, the task of a leader is to serve others, serve the people/people or others. The leadership of astha brata in the Ramayana was given/taught by Prabu Rama to Raden Bharata (his younger brother) and to Gunawan Wibisana (Ravana's younger brother); that a leader holds to 8 (astha = eight) brata (character / character, action) eight gods. In Serat Ajipamasa, the leadership of Astha Brata was taught by Prabu Ajipamasa (Kusumawicitra) to Sang Gandakusuma and Jayasusena, that a good leader adheres to the 8 (eight) contents of the world. </em></p>

Konsep Jihad dalam Al-Quran

This article is a response to the growing radical understanding of religion and the rejection of Pancasila as the nation's ideology in the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI). This article is also an offer of thought for the Deradicalization of Al-Quran Verses. Namely, as an effort to reinterpret several verses of the Qur'an which have the potential to be understood by some as the basis for acts of violence or coercion of certain ideologies. In this article, the author uses the theosophical esoteric interpretation approach such as Haidar Amuli (d. 1385), as an analytical tool to explore the content of several verses of the Qur’an related to jihad. This paper can also be referred to as thematic interpretation because the author tries to discuss (analyze) the content of the verses of the Qur'an based on a theme and tries to follow the steps of the thematic method in interpretation. Through an esoteric approach, in this article, jihad will not only be interpreted as a physical war taking up arms. Jihad has several levels of meaning, such as jihad of ahl shariah, ahl tariqah, and ahl haqiqa. Furthermore, by analyzing the historical context, the jihad verses can be interpreted as a movement for mental revolution and social moral improvement.

The Foundation of Islam, the Spirit of Pancasila to Shape the Character of the 2045 Golden Generation: A Literature Review

To find out the foundation of Islam, the soul of Pancasila to shape the character of the 2045 Golden Generation. The review process starts with a search engine (google scholar) to search for articles. Searches range from 2013-2020. Most of the research results show that Pancasila is the implementation of Islamic teachings so that practicing the values of Pancasila is part of worship in accordance with Islamic teachings and practicing Islam as a form of devotion and loyalty to the Indonesian nation Pancasila (Five Pillars) with values that able to build the character of youth in facing the challenges of the 2045 Golden Generation. The great hope is that in 2045 Indonesia will be filled with a generation that has noble character and has the spirit of Pancasila so that good character is formed, with the character instilled in the golden generation must be based on three aspects, namely the value of honesty, the value of truth and the value of justice. The character of the 2045 Golden Generation is the main force in building the nation’s future. So it is very important that the application of Pancasila values in the midst of society is synergized again with religious teachings in schools and further education institutions to students and the nation’s generation, in order to support the integrity of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI), independence, sovereignty, and shape the character of the Generation. Gold 2045.

A RECOGNITION MODEL OF NATIONAL LEGAL PLURALISM IN A UNITARY STATE THROUGH THE PRISMATIC THEORY APPROACH

The choice of a unitary state based on Article 1 Section 1 of the 1945 Constitution theoretically always relates to the factor of equality within the state. However, the choice of the Republic of Indonesia as a unitary state is based on the consideration of the pluralism aspects in terms of culture, language, customs, and ethnicity, which brings consequences for the recognition of applicable legal pluralism (Article 18B Section 2 of the 1945 Constitution). This study examines legal pluralism in a unitary state based on the prismatic theory approach to find out its legal recognition model. This study aims at finding an ideal legal pluralism recognition model in a unitary state which has tended to be centralized, such as the implementation of the Basic Agrarian Law that ignores the customary laws. The results of the legal prismatic theory approach are expected to able to fulfill justice in a pluralistic society. In this study, the researcher employed a normative juridical method through a political-law approach to various laws and regulations. Furthermore, the researcher also used a qualitative analysis. The results of this study showed as follows. (1) Politics of law as a guideline for legal development is inconsistent with Pancasila and legal systems that accommodate legal pluralism. As a result, customary law must comply with national law, which indicates the recognition of weak legal pluralism. (2) The recognition model of national legal pluralism through the prismatic theory approach by considering the plurality of the prevailing legal order may create certainty and benefit on the value of justice in society according to national ideology and Pancasila as the soul of the nation. The recommendations of this study are as follows. (1) Legal development should use the recognition model of national legal pluralism through the prismatic theory approach so that certainty and benefit on the value of justice in society can be established according to national ideology and Pancasila as the soul of the nation. (2) The prismatic theory approach can be an alternative solution to the recognition model of legal pluralism in realizing Indonesian national law based on Pancasila as the ideology and spirit of the nation.

DA'WAH AMIDST RELIGIOUS AND CULTURAL DIFFERENCES (STUDY OF Q.S. AL-HUJURAT:13)

The Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia is a country that has many cultures, this is evidenced by the Indonesian slogan "Bhinneka Tunggal Ika" which means "different but still one thing". In a variety of cultures, humans need interaction with other humans, namely what is known as the word "communication". Peace in the midst of cultural differences is the application of Allah's orders in the teachings of Islam. Created from a man and woman and made humans into nations and tribes so that humans know each other to be devoted to Allah SWT. Contextual interpretation of the Quran and considering the socio-historical context in interpreting a text is so urgent and important. This is directly related to the spirit of the Koran, where Muslims must always learn and develop a number of knowledge by involving the text of the Qur'an on the one hand and dialogue with reality on the other. Da'wah bil-hal and verbally become a milestone of success for community harmony in Cempaka Putih Village, Jelutung District, Jambi City, Jambi Province. Keywords: Intercultural Communication, Contextual of the Quran, Da'wah

Kebijakan Moderasi Pidana Mati dalam RUU KUHP Perspektif Nilai-Nilai Pancasila

Draft Law on the Criminal Code (RUU KUHP) still gives place to the death penalty as a type of crime. This policy is in the line of the establishment of the Constitutional Court which considers the death penalty to be constitutional. Even though there has been a decision on the constitutionality of the death penalty, the polemic about its existence still continues. So that we do not sway with various opinions, it is necessary that the death penalty policy is viewed from the perspective of Pancasila, because Pancasila is a legal ideal and at the same time as a Fundamental Norm of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. This study aims to answer whether the death penalty moderation policy in the Criminal Code Bill is justified from the perspective of Pancasila or not. This research is a doctrinal legal research with a statutory approach, a conceptual approach and a philosophical approach. The results showed that the death penalty policy in the Draft Criminal Code does not conflict with Pancasila.

The State Financial System as a Main Element of Implementing Regional Government in The Unitary State

The basis and objectives of the state are contained in the Constitution as stated in the Preambule of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia To make it happen, it is necessary, among others, to support an integrated budgeting system through fiscal policy, so it can be formulated, First, how to realize the correlation of budget principles to the planning system which includes programs and activities of local governments. Second, why is regional financial management a subsystem of the state financial system, and the main elements of local government administration. This study is a qualitative research method through a normative juridical approach and empirical analysis. Research result; First, the Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget is an integrated budgeting principle that is integrated with the regional government planning system; Second, the success of local government administration is largely determined by an integrated system in the management of regional finances as a subsystem of state finance in the form of a unitary state.