Fusion Based AER System Using Deep Learning Approach for Amplitude and Frequency Analysis

Automatic emotion recognition from Speech (AERS) systems based on acoustical analysis reveal that some emotional classes persist with ambiguity. This study employed an alternative method aimed at providing deep understanding into the amplitude–frequency, impacts of various emotions in order to aid in the advancement of near term, more effectively in classifying AER approaches. The study was undertaken by converting narrow 20 ms frames of speech into RGB or grey-scale spectrogram images. The features have been used to fine-tune a feature selection system that had previously been trained to recognise emotions. Two different Linear and Mel spectral scales are used to demonstrate a spectrogram. An inductive approach for in sighting the amplitude and frequency features of various emotional classes. We propose a two-channel profound combination of deep fusion network model for the efficient categorization of images. Linear and Mel- spectrogram is acquired from Speech-signal, which is prepared in the recurrence area to input Deep Neural Network. The proposed model Alex-Net with five convolutional layers and two fully connected layers acquire most vital features form spectrogram images plotted on the amplitude-frequency scale. The state-of-the-art is compared with benchmark dataset (EMO-DB). RGB and saliency images are fed to pre-trained Alex-Net tested both EMO-DB and Telugu dataset with an accuracy of 72.18% and fused image features less computations reaching to an accuracy 75.12%. The proposed model show that Transfer learning predict efficiently than Fine-tune network. When tested on Emo-DB dataset, the propȯsed system adequately learns discriminant features from speech spectrȯgrams and outperforms many stȧte-of-the-art techniques.

Linkage disequilibrium between rare mutations

The statistical associations between mutations, collectively known as linkage disequilibrium (LD), encode important information about the evolutionary forces acting within a population. Yet in contrast to single-site analogues like the site frequency spectrum, our theoretical understanding of linkage disequilibrium remains limited. In particular, little is currently known about how mutations with different ages and fitness costs contribute to expected patterns of LD, even in simple settings where recombination and genetic drift are the major evolutionary forces. Here, I introduce a forward-time framework for predicting linkage disequilibrium between pairs of neutral and deleterious mutations as a function of their present-day frequencies. I show that the dynamics of linkage disequilibrium become much simpler in the limit that mutations are rare, where they admit a simple heuristic picture based on the trajectories of the underlying lineages. I use this approach to derive analytical expressions for a family of frequency-weighted LD statistics as a function of the recombination rate, the frequency scale, and the additive and epistatic fitness costs of the mutations. I find that the frequency scale can have a dramatic impact on the shapes of the resulting LD curves, reflecting the broad range of time scales over which these correlations arise. I also show that the differences between neutral and deleterious LD are not purely driven by differences in their mutation frequencies, and can instead display qualitative features that are reminiscent of epistasis. I conclude by discussing the implications of these results for recent LD measurements in bacteria. This forward-time approach may provide a useful framework for predicting linkage disequilibrium across a range of evolutionary scenarios.

A Supersensitive Method for Spectroscopic Diagnostics of Electrostatic Waves in Magnetized Plasmas

For relatively strong magnetic fields, hydrogen atoms can have delocalized bound states of almost macroscopic dimensions. Therefore, such states are characterized by a Giant Electric Dipole Moment (GEDM), thus making them very sensitive to an external electric field. We considered the manifestations of the GEDM states in hydrogen spectral line profiles in the presence of a quasimonochromatic electrostatic wave of a frequency ω in a plasma. We demonstrated that in this situation, hydrogen spectral lines can exhibit quasi-satellites, which are the envelopes of Blochinzew-type satellites. We showed that the distinctive feature of such quasi-satellites is that their peak intensity is located at the same distance from the line center (in the frequency scale) for all hydrogen spectral lines, the distance being significantly greater than the wave frequency ω. At the absence of the GEDM (and for relatively strong electrostatic waves), the maxima of the satellite envelopes would be at different distances from the line center for different hydrogen lines. We demonstrated that this effect would constitute a supersensitive diagnostic method for measuring the amplitude of electrostatic waves in plasmas down to ~10 V/cm or even lower.

Validation and Measurement Invariance of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 between Genders in a Malaysian Sample

The 10-item Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) is a measurement for individuals to self-report the extent to which they accept and respect their bodies. Although the BAS-2 has been translated into the Malay language and found to have promising qualities, the psychometric characteristics of the English version of BAS-2 remain unknown in the Malaysian context. The present study thus administered the English version BAS-2 and selfie-editing frequency scale to 797 individuals aged 18 to 56 years old in Malaysia. The dataset that was randomly divided into two halves were submitted to exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis respectively. Both of the factor analyses consistently support a one-factor model. The Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald omega coefficients were greater than 0.90, indicating that the BAS-2 has good internal consistency. The incremental validity is also evident. A hierarchical multiple regression showed that the BAS-2 score had a positive relationship with selfie-editing frequency after controlling for age and gender. Moreover, the measurement invariance test supported scalar invariance between genders, and an analysis of covariance did not find significant gender differences. Overall, the findings replicate past findings and regularly support the usability of the BAS-2 in the Malaysian context. The implications of the BAS-2 and future directions are also discussed.

Validity of the ACTS intimate partner violence screen in antenatal care: a cross sectional study

Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a major public health problem with harmful consequences. In Australia, there is no national standard screening tool and screening practice is variable across states. The objectives of this study were to assess in the antenatal healthcare setting: i) the validity of a new IPV brief screening tool and ii) women’s preference for screening response format, screening frequency and comfort level. Methods One thousand sixty-seven antenatal patients in a major metropolitan Victorian hospital in Australia completed a paper-based, self-administered survey. The survey included four screening items about whether they were Afraid/Controlled/Threatened/Slapped or physically hurt (ACTS) by a partner or ex-partner in the last 12 months; and the Composite Abuse Scale (reference standard). The ACTS screen was presented firstly with a binary yes/no response format and then with a five-point ordinal frequency format from ‘never’ (0) to ‘very frequently’ (4). The main outcome measures were test statistics of the four-item ACTS screening tool (sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and area under the curve) against the reference standard and women’s screening preferences. Results Twelve-month IPV prevalence varied depending on the ACTS response format with 8% (83) positive on ACTS yes/no format, 12.8% (133) positive on ACTS ordinal frequency format and 10.5% (108) on the reference Composite Abuse Scale. Overall, the ACTS screening tool demonstrated clinical utility for the ordinal frequency format (AUC, 0.80; 95% CI = 0.76 to 0.85) and the binary yes/no format (AUC, 0.74, 95% CI = 0.69 to 0.79). The frequency scale (66%) had greater sensitivity than the yes/no scale (51%). The positive and negative predictive values were 56 and 96% for the frequency scale and 68 and 95% for the yes/no scale. Specificity was high regardless of screening question response options. Half (53%) of the women categorised as abused preferred the yes/no scale. Around half of the women (48%, 472) thought health care providers should ask pregnant women about IPV at every visit. Conclusions The four-item ACTS tool (using the frequency scale and a cut-off of one on any item) is recommended for written self-administered screening of women to identify those experiencing IPV to enable first-line response and follow-up.

MODELLING OF LOSSLESS CONTACTLESS POWER TRANSFORMER USING IMPROVED PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM

The contactless power transmission is applicable recently for various real time applications like electric vehicle charging, in space travelling, and other distribution systems. The transformer winding has magnetic coupling with each phases; it analyze the primary and secondary winding for core structure of transformer. The conventional Loosely coupled transformer with mixed winding and electromagnetic shielding for contactless power transmission method used various traditional Genetic algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization algorithms for power loss reduction. This increases the transmission time and it reduces the efficiency. In proposed methodology, the optimal model of contactless power transformer approach uses improved particle swarm optimization algorithm for reducing the power loss in grid connected PV module. The maximum power of solar panel is tracked by using MPPT algorithm and it is fed with the switching controller for reducing the overlap. Here in the IPSO, the frequency dependent scale selection algorithm selects the fitness frequency for optimizing the swarm particle positions to reduce the losses. From this, the impedance matching approach is used for eliminating the frequency scale splitting because it may cause over-coupled signal and the fixed mutual inductance also helps to transfer maximum power. This proposed approach improves the result of power transfer efficiency. Various analytical calculations, numerical simulations and experimental results are taken to address the loss diminution in contactless power transfer approach with better efficiency of power transmission than other existing approaches. Overall the proposed design model is done by MATLAB 2018a/Simulink. Keywords: Contactless power transfer: Frequency dependent; improved particle swarm optimization; optimal frequency scale selection; swarm position updates; PV module; MPPT; Charging station

The Hawking black-hole radiation spectrum has a short tail

It is proved that the Hawking emission spectrum of a semiclassical Schwarzschild black hole of mass [Formula: see text] has a sharp cut at the frequency scale [Formula: see text]. In particular, taking into account the nonlinear gravitational coupling between the tunneled Hawking quanta and the emitting black hole, it is explicitly shown that the upper bound [Formula: see text] on the energies of the emitted Hawking quanta is a direct consequence of the famous Thorne hoop relation.

Use of vonoprazan, a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker, for the treatment of proton pump inhibitor-refractory reflux esophagitis in patients with systemic sclerosis

Proton pump inhibitor-refractory reflux esophagitis is one of the intractable conditions of systemic sclerosis for which new treatments are required. Vonoprazan is a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker and has been shown to have several advantages over conventional proton pump inhibitors, including a long duration of gastric acid suppression. To investigate the efficacy of vonoprazan for treating proton pump inhibitor-refractory reflux esophagitis in patients with systemic sclerosis, 10 patients with proton pump inhibitor-refractory reflux esophagitis who were switched to vonoprazan were selected from our systemic sclerosis database. Reflux esophagitis was evaluated by endoscopy, and gastroesophageal reflux disease–related symptoms were assessed by the frequency scale for the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire before and after switching from proton pump inhibitor to vonoprazan at an average interval of 3.5 [2–5.5] months. After switching patients to vonoprazan, the endoscopic findings of reflux esophagitis were significantly improved ( p = .033), and six patients (60%) achieved mucosal healing. The total frequency scale for the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease score was also significantly decreased ( p = .043), mainly by improving the acid reflux score. Vonoprazan was well tolerated and was continued for 15.5 [11.25–23.75] months in all patients. Vonoprazan is a potential treatment option for treating proton pump inhibitor-refractory reflux esophagitis in systemic sclerosis patients.