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Author(s):  
Kelly Rose‐Clarke ◽  
Waewdaw Nambutr ◽  
Achara Kongkamud ◽  
Wachiraya Lertgrai ◽  
Audrey Prost ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10377
Author(s):  
Jetnipit Kunchai ◽  
Dissakoon Chonsalasin ◽  
Buratin Khampirat

To help address educational inequalities in student backgrounds and career plans, the measurement of career aspirations can provide crucial information about inequality related to career opportunities. Therefore, this study analyzed the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Career Aspiration Scale-Revised (CAS-R) and the effects of sociodemographic variables on the CAS-R. The study participants were 590 undergraduates at three community colleges in rural Thailand. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to investigate the validity of the CAS-R three-factor model. The Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) model with and without differential item functioning (DIF) were applied to investigate the effects of sociodemographic factors as covariates on the CAS-R and specific item response. The CFA results supported the 18-item CAS-R’s three-factor structure because the items well represented latent factors and because the subscales met research standards for reliability and validity. The MIMIC model showed that only the year of study (first-year students) had a positive direct effect on leadership, achievement, and educational aspirations. The MIMIC model with DIF indicated that gender, year of study, major, and paternal education caused inequality in 10 items. Overall, the results show that the 18-item CAS-R has strong psychometric properties and can accurately assess the career aspirations of Thai students. The MIMIC model’s application allowed researchers to show that sociodemographic background affected the leadership, achievement, and education subscales. Obtaining information on the CAS-R scale’s measurements would be useful for researchers, practitioners, and career counselors interested in helping students develop career aspirations and choices.


2021 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 105526
Author(s):  
Olaf Hübler ◽  
Melanie Koch ◽  
Lukas Menkhoff ◽  
Ulrich Schmidt
Keyword(s):  

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256475
Author(s):  
Nungruthai Suntronwong ◽  
Preeyaporn Vichaiwattana ◽  
Lakkhana Wongsrisang ◽  
Sirapa Klinfueng ◽  
Sumeth Korkong ◽  
...  

Assessing the seroprevalence of the high-risk individuals against the influenza virus is essential to evaluate the progress of vaccine implementation programs and establish influenza virus interventions. Herein, we identified the pre-existing cross-protection of the circulating seasonal influenza viruses among the older-aged population. A cross-sectional study was performed base on the 176 residual sera samples collected from older adults aged 60 to 95 years without a history of vaccination in rural Thailand in 2015. Sera antibody titers against influenza A and B viruses circulating between 2016 and 2019 were determined by hemagglutination inhibition assay. These findings indicated the low titers of pre-existing antibodies to circulating influenza subtypes and showed age-independent antibody titers among the old adults. Moderate seropositive rates (HAI ≥ 1:40) were observed in influenza A viruses (65.9%A(H3N2), 50.0% for A(H1N1) pdm09), and found comparatively lower rates in influenza B viruses (14% B/Yam2, 21% B/Yam3 and 25% B/Vic). Only 5% of individuals possessed broadly protective antibodies against both seasonal influenza A and B virus in this region. Our findings highlighted the low pre-existing antibodies to circulating influenza strains in the following season observed in older adults. The serological study will help inform policy-makers for health care planning and guide control measures concerning vaccination programs.


F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 452
Author(s):  
Premyuda Narkarat ◽  
Surasak Taneepanichskul ◽  
Ramesh Kumar ◽  
Ratana Somrongthong

Background: Adolescent pregnancy is one of the major public health issues globally, as well as in Thailand. Sexual health literacy (SHL) has been a proved effective intervention for preventing teenage pregnancy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of mobile messages to improve sexual and reproductive health literacy among secondary school female students. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study with pre–post design was conducted in two secondary schools of rural Thailand. 128 respondents were selected through a simple random sampling method; equal number of female secondary school students were selected from each school. Health education through mobile messages on sexual and reproductive health literacy were delivered in one group while the other group was observed through routine care for 24 weeks. Baseline (pre) and endline (post) measurement was taken to compare the effects of mobile messages. Study was ethically approved by the institutional review board of Chulalongkorn University, Thailand. Results: Both groups were same at baseline and found statistically non-significant (p>0.05). After the 24-week health education program, the mean scores of health education groups was found statistically significant (p<0.05), while the mean score in observed group did not show any statistical change (p>0.05) . Level of sexual health literacy scores among female students in the health education group was found statistically significant (p<0.05) in all four domains. While, the observation group was remained same at both measurements pre and post (p=0.521). Conclusion: The study concluded that the mobile messages have proved an effective information method for sexual and reproductive health information among female secondary students of rural Thailand.


2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nonglak Pagaiya ◽  
Thinakorn Noree ◽  
Penapa Hongthong ◽  
Karnwarin Gongkulawat ◽  
Pagaluk Padungson ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Thailand is a rapidly aging society, which places high demand on home health care services for the elderly. The shortage of health care workforce in rural areas is a crucial obstacle to the delivery of adequate home health care services. The appropriate skill-mix between multidisciplinary health team and care givers (CGs) is an attractive solution for improving home health care services in rural Thailand. This study assessed the potential of trained CGs to provide home health care services and projected what the optimal mix for a multidisciplinary home health care team in rural Thailand would be in 2030. Methods Eleven pilot districts in Thailand were recruited for the study. Secondary data were collected along with surveys of home health care providers. A total of 130 care managers (nurses) and 351 care givers (CG) were recruited for the survey. Workload, skill-mix potential, and acceptance of care givers were assessed in the surveys. The results from secondary data and the survey were used to project the health workforce requirements in 2030. Results It is projected that in 2030 the number of elderly living in rural areas will be 7,156,700 (27% of the projected rural population). Of this, 20.3% will be home-bound, 1.1% will be bed-ridden and 1.6% will need rehabilitation. The main members of the multidisciplinary health workforce involved in home health care were nurses, doctors, and physiotherapists. The home health care services that were provided by the multidisciplinary health workforce included patient assessment, development of a care plan and case conference, home visits, and teaching and supervision of CGs. The CGs were village health volunteers trained to carry out regular home visits to patients. The CGs provided assistance with the activities of daily living, basic health services, moral support to patients and relatives, and surveillance of the home environment during home visits. CGs were well accepted by both the health professionals and the patients. Projections showed that 16,094 nurses, 1,542 doctors, 1,022 physiotherapists and 50,148 CGs will be required in 2030 to meet the needs of the dependent elderly for home health care in rural Thailand. Conclusion With the increased need for home health care services in the future, appropriate team work between the members of the multidisciplinary health team and the CGs in the community is the appropriate solution for likely shortages of health professional workforce.


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