Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practices of research among faculties in medical college

Medical research aims to advance knowledge, skills, and professionalism. Lack of research could lead to the demise of the profession as a viable discipline. Research orientation is a concept that incorporates four subscales and provides insight into faculties' overall perception of research. To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding research and to identify barriers for research among medical faculty. Our study is a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study covering 110 faculties of medical college. Data collection was done through the Edmonton research orientation survey (EROS), a pre-validated tool. EROS questionnaire consists of 50 questions in two sections –the first section containing demographic variables (12 questions) and the second section (consist of 38 items) asks the respondents to rate on a five-point Likert’s scale. A high response rate (90.9%) was achieved. Sixty-five percent of respondents achieved an overall medium EROS score and 33% of respondents achieved a high EROS score (mean Eros score 132.3+21.7) indicating high research orientation. Respondents showed high subscale scores: valuing research (63%) and being at the leading edge of the profession (66%). While involvement in research (47%) and evidence-based practice (53%) scored lower. The study highlighted important barriers like lack of time, skills and support. The results suggest that although faculties value research they engage less in carrying out and applying research. The positive research orientation provides an opportunity for the profession to use the available potential to increase research output.

The Impact of Music Training on the Cognitive Development of Preschool and Junior School Children: A Review of Research

The review presents the results of studies of the impact of music training on the cognitive development of preschool and junior school children. It is shown that music lessons can contribute to the development of reading, writing, listening and speaking as well as mathematical skills, memory, intelligence, and executive functions. After analyzing a number of relevant studies, the authors came to the following conclusions: (1) the impact of music lessons on the development of the cognitive sphere in children is associated with concomitant factors, such as: parental involvement in music lessons and home musical environment, age when a child begins to take music lessons and their duration, socioeconomic status of the family; and 2) it is systemic music training, which includes singing, playing musical instruments and solfeggio, that can have a beneficial effect on cognitive development. The mechanisms by which music training promote the cognitive development of children were also examined. While a vast body of work confirms the beneficial effects of music training in this regard, there are a number of studies showing no such effects. Special consideration is also given to the reasons why positive research results can be erroneous. In conclusion, the authors give recommendations for designing further research on this topic as well as for organizing music lessons for children of preschool and junior school age.

Reforms to improve reproducibility and quality must be coordinated across the research ecosystem: The view from the UKRN Local Network Leads

Many disciplines are facing a “reproducibility crisis”, ushering in much discussion about how to improve research integrity, reproducibility, and transparency. A unified effort across all sectors, levels, and stages of the research ecosystem is needed to coordinate goals and reforms that focus on open and transparent research practices, while promoting a more positive incentive culture for all. In this commentary, we - the Local Network Leads of the UK Reproducibility Network - outline our response to the UK House of Commons Science and Technology Committee’s inquiry on research integrity and reproducibility. We argue that the four areas for effective actions are to coordinate: (1) a positive research culture, (2) a unified stance on improving research quality, (3) common foundations for open and transparent research practice, and (4) the routinisation of this practice. For each of these areas, we outline the role that individuals, institutions, funders, publishers, and Government play in shaping the research ecosystem. Working together, these constituent members must also partner with sectoral and coordinating organisations to produce effective and long-lasting reforms that are fit-for-purpose and future-proof. These efforts will strengthen research quality and create research capable of generating far-reaching applications with a sustained impact on society.

Bridging the ‘Valley of Death’: Can Agile Principles Be Applied in Industry-Academia Research and Innovation Projects?

Government funding supports industry-academia research and innovation projects in Norway, sharing the risk of the research component in innovation. However, funding alone may not be sufficient to overcome potential differences in collaborative agendas and ways of working. As a result, positive research outcomes often get stuck in the valley of death, instead of ending up as successful innovations that create value. To contribute to bridging the valley of death, we investigated the importance of six agile principles for collaborative industry-academia research and innovation projects, abbreviated IPN in Norway. The study was limited to the manufacturing sector. We surveyed 124 IPN project leaders (70 from industry; 54 from academia) to evaluate the importance of the knowledge management practices associated with the six agile principles across the three project stages. The statistical analyses indicate the consistency of the agile principles throughout the project stages. This means that agile principles are relevant for IPN projects and can be used as guidelines for improvement of the knowledge management practices. Moreover, the study identifies the agile principles that are perceived as most important to use in different stages of a project. It also identifies the different perceptions of the importance of agile principles of the project leaders from industry and academia. These findings can support project leaders who are implementing agile principles to industry-academia research and innovation projects. The results from the study can also support national and federal research/innovation councils in decision-making when assessing industrial research applications.

Image-guided intervention in the management of chronic patellar tendinopathy with calcification: a three-pronged approach

Patellar tendinopathy is a common cause of knee pain and functional impairment in athletes. It is commonly managed using conservative measures such as physiotherapy, but cases that are refractory to such treatment may require a more invasive approach. Various forms of image-guided injection therapy have been described in the literature. We present a case of successful treatment of chronic patellar tendinopathy with calcification with the first reported use of a three-pronged image-guided approach, consisting of dry needling, high volume image-guided injection (but at a reduced dose) and barbotage applied in a single sitting. The patient reported resolution of symptoms persisting to 1 year postprocedure. We suggest that this management option, if supported by further positive research findings, could be used in the future in the management of certain cases of patellar tendinopathy with calcification where conservative measures have failed.

Preparation and heat insulation of Gemini-halloysite aerogel/concrete composites

In our previous research, the utilization of Gemini surfactants to control the dispersion and interaction of HNTs aerogels (HCAs) in the concrete matrix had obtained positive research results. In order to further deepen the research in this field, in this work, a Gemini surfactant with a new structure was synthesized, the surface modification characteristics of HCAs in a series of concrete systems were also investigated. Microstructures and properties of the composites were characterized by using scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and so on. The results showed that the newly synthesized Gemini surfactants had an ideal modification effect on the surface of HCAs. Compared with other traditional surfactants, Gemini had better hydrophobic and mechanical properties. Different molecular layers with hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity were constructed on the HCAs surface. The introduction of the modified HCAs could significantly improve the heat insulation performance and mechanical strength of concrete. The improvement of the above comprehensive properties could not have significant difference due to the different types of concrete matrix.

Poetic Updates In Uzbek Literature (On The Example Of Prose Masterpiece)

As a result of the renewal of national thinking, the events of life and the principles of the approach to the human person in Uzbek prose also changed and began to take on new forms. In a number of prose works, we find images of courageous people who have not lost their identity and faith over the years. At the same time, we are confronted with those who, under ideological pressure, have turned to "modernity", apostatized, deceived and become servants of a deceptive and violent ideology. We see that the hypocrisy inherent in such images is portrayed in all its horrors. It can be seen that in Uzbek prose works the attempt to reflect the unique nature, unique world, past and feelings of the nation has become a certain aesthetic principle, and such positive research serves as a basis for significant growth in prose. The works we have analyzed not only renew epic thinking in one way or another, but also serve as a basis for the emergence of new trends, currents and directions in literary life. As a result, it influences the development of socio-spiritual and artistic aesthetic thinking.

Expectancy-Value-Cost motivational theory to explore final year medical students’ research intentions and past research experience: a multicentre cross-sectional questionnaire study

ABSTRACTObjectivesConducting research during medical school is a commonly described way to strengthen the physician-scientists workforce. The aim of this study is to compare the strength of association of Expectancy, Value and Cost regarding a research activity with future research intentions, and to explore differences between students with or without research experience during medical school.Design, setting and participantsAn online questionnaire was sent to final-year medical students – who had already chosen their specialty – in three French-speaking Belgian universities with non-mandatory research programmes. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and multiple regression analysis were conducted.Main measuresResearch intention (outcome measure) was assessed using a 3-item scale. The motivational beliefs were assessed using a 10-item scale adapted from a validated scale based on the Expectancy-Value- Cost theory. Responses were recorded on a 6-point Likert scale.ResultsParticipation rate was 28% (n=237). EFA revealed 4 factors with high internal consistency. 21.5% of students had positive research intentions (score 5 or above). Our model explained 82.8% of research intention variance (p < 0.001), of which three motivational beliefs had statistically significant coefficients: i) Value given to a research activity (β = 0.72, p < 0.001); ii) perceived Cost of a research activity (β = -0.11, p < 0.01); iii) Expectancy of success (β = 0.10, p < 0.05). Students with a positive research experience or students without research experience but who had strongly considered achieving one were 11.5 times more likely (95% CI, 5.0 – 26.2) to have positive research intentions at the end of medical school than other students.ConclusionsValue given to a research activity is the key factor regarding students’ motivation to undertake research. Our study confirms the positive relationship between non-mandatory research and future research intentions, although some students without a research experience showed high motivation as well.

Pendidikan Kesehatan Tentang Manajemen Kesehatan Menstruasi Terhadap Pengetahuan dan Sikap Remaja Madrasah Tsanawiyah Swasta Amal Saleh

Menstruation is periodic bleeding occurring repeatedly every month in women that starts about 14 days after ovulation and is released through the vagina. Menstruation is a characteristic feature of a woman's maturity where there is a change in the uterus in preparation for pregnancy. Menstrual health management (MHM) is a term that is often used in relation to cleanliness during menstruation. Menstrual health management includes facilities used during menstruation including clean water, soap used for bathing and cleaning all parts of the body as well as cleaning sanitary napkins that have been used. MHM is also related to the access they have to safe and comfortable facilities to dispose of used sanitary napkins. Young women must understand knowledge about menstruation and how to manage it appropriately without shame or fear. Health education is a form of independent nursing action to help clients, both individuals, groups and communities in overcoming their health problems through learning activities in which the nurse acts as a nurse educator. This study aims to increase students' knowledge and attitudes about menstrual health management by providing health education. The method used was to socialize activities to the school, identify the condition of menstrual health service facilities in schools such as bathrooms, clean water supply, provide educational media for menstrual health management in the form of videos, leaflets and modules; conduct health education about menstrual health management and post tests. The data analysis used was univariate. The number of samples was 36 people, namely grade VII students. The results of the study that the majority of respondents were 12 years (77.8%), had menstruation (58.3%), age at first menstruation was 11 years (52.3%), experienced menstrual pain (66.7%), information sources regarding: (1) hygiene during menstruation is the mother (38.5%), (2) sanitary napkins from TV commercials (25%), menstruation from mothers (45.5%), (3) types of sanitary napkins currently used modern sanitary napkins (65.9%), (4) the current brand of sanitary napkins from mothers (36.5%). The majority of knowledge adolescents category is 88.9% good and the attitude of the adolescents is 100% positive. Research proves that there are still students with sufficient knowledge (10.1%) and considering the importance of MHM as an effort to prevent infection in the female reproductive system and minimize the occurrence of cervical cancer in women in the future. Researchers suggest that schools include this topic in subject matter so that reproductive health can be maintained.