Predictors of Caregiver Burden Among Carers of Suicide Attempt Survivors

Background: Family members often provide informal care following a suicide attempt. Carers may be vulnerable to caregiver burden. Yet, little is known about what contributes to this. Aims: To determine the predictors of caregiver burden in those carers who support people who have attempted suicide. Method: An online survey of 435 participants assessed exposure to suicide, caring behaviors, and psychological variables and caregiver burden. Results: A multivariate model explained 52% of variance in caregiver burden. Being female, closeness to the person, impact of suicide attempt, frequency of contact pre-attempt, and psychological distress were positively associated with caregiver burden. Confidence in supporting the person after suicide attempt, perceived adequacy of healthcare the person received and the support the carer received, and suicidal ideation of the carer were negatively associated with caregiver burden. Moderation analysis suggested that carers with high levels of distress reported negative association between suicidal ideation and caregiver burden. Limitations: The cross-sectional online survey design of self-identified carers is a limitation of the study. Conclusion: Carers are highly distressed, and if unsupported report increased suicide ideation. In their caring roles they may have contact with support services, thus attending to their needs may ameliorate caregiver burden and associated negative outcomes.

Patients and Nursing Students’ Viewpoints on the Importance of Caring Behaviors in a Hospital Affiliated to Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences in Iran

Background: Effective caring depends on the agreement between patients and nurses’ care behaviors. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate patients and nursing students’ viewpoints about the importance of caring behaviors in a hospital affiliated to Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences in Iran. Methods: In this descriptive and analytic study, 50 patients and 50 nurses were selected using the convenience sampling method. Data were collected by the Larson questionnaire. This self-report questionnaire was completed by the patients and students, and then the data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics in SPSS. Results: The patients considered availability, education, and communication as the most important caring behaviors in caring, while the nursing students deemed comfort and convenience, appropriate communication, and monitoring and follow-up as the most significant behaviors in caring. Nursing students and patients’ viewpoints were not in agreement in the most important and relatively most important caring behaviors (P > 0.05). However, their viewpoints concorded regarding insignificant caring behaviors (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, further attention should be focused on patient needs in clinical nursing students’ education is necessary.

Development and assessment of the psychometric properties of a compassionate care questionnaire for nurses

Background Compassionate care is emphasized within professional ethics codes for nursing and is a key indicator of care quality. The purpose of the present study is to develop and assess the psychometric properties of a compassionate care instrument for nurses. Methods This methodological study was carried out in two phases -qualitative and quantitative-from February 2016 to October 2018. In the qualitative stage of the study, a content analysis approach was used to establish the concept of compassionate care through interviews with nurses, patients, and family caregivers. The initial draft of the questionnaire was developed based on the qualitative findings and a subsequent review of the literature. In the second phase, the psychometric properties of the questionnaire were assessed for validity and reliability. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS v.16. Results From the results of the qualitative phase and review of literature, 80 items were extracted. In the quantitative phase, after evaluation of the face and content validity, 40 items were kept. After measurement of the construct validity, 28 items whose factor loading was above 0.4 were retained. Measurement of convergent validity showed a moderate correlation between the questionnaire and the nurses’ caring behaviors scale (r = 0.67, P = 0.01). The reliability of the 28-item questionnaire was tested by measuring its Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and intra-class correlation coefficient which were found to be 0.91 and 0.94 for the whole questionnaire, respectively. Conclusion The questionnaire has enough validity and reliability to be used for measuring the nurses’ compassionate care. Therefore, the instrument can be used to measure and record the quality of nursing care.

COVID-19 anxiety and organizational commitment among front-line nurses: Perceived role of nurse managers' caring behavior

Background & Aim: Anxiety related to the COVID-19 is prevalent amongst the nursing workforce potentially affecting nurses’ well-being and their organizational commitment. The nurse manager’s caring behavior has been recognized as a crucial indicator of nurses' resilience with the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the effect of COVID-19 anxiety on front-line nurses’ organizational commitment and their perception of nurse managers' caring behavior. Methods & Materials: This study utilized an explanatory research design; hence, a convenient sample consisted of 60 registered nurses working at three selected medical intensive care units located in one of the Cairo University Teaching hospitals, Egypt was selected. Data were collected using the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, Nursing Staff Organizational Commitment Questionnaire, and Nurse Managers' Caring Behavior Questionnaire. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 was used for the data analysis where the descriptive statistics, Simple Linear, and Stepwise multiple regression analysis were applied. Results: The highest-rated anxiety problem of COVID-19 was appetite loss (x ̅=3.03, SD = ±0.88). Human respect as one of the perceived nurse managers caring behaviors emerged as a strong predictor (Partial R2 = 0.104, p= .017) in increasing the front-line nurses’ organizational commitment, while COVID-19 anxiety has a significant decreasing effect (Partial R2 = 0.435, p<0.001) on it. Conclusion: COVID-19 anxiety has affected the front-line nurses’ organizational commitment and their perceived nurse managers' caring behavior. COVID-19 anxiety should be addressed and rectified by providing appropriate managerial caring behavior and support to boost nurses ‘organizational commitment.

CARING BEHAVIORS AND QUALITY OF CARE RENDERED BY COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSES IN PHILIPPINES

Introduction: Nursing has been referred as a “caring profession” that requires the practitioner to exhibit and convey the art of caring which has also been the mind setting inculcated among nursing professionals in the community health setting. Hence, the study aimed to determine the caring behaviors and the quality of nursing care rendered by community health nurses. Methods: The study applied a quantitative correlational-predictive research design. A purposive sampling was employed to identify the 100 respondents who were nurses assigned in the different community healthcare facilities and centers of the different barangays in the Municipality of Biliran, Philippines. The self-administered questionnaires were distributed among the respondents. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics such as mean and weighted mean were used. Likewise, the regression analysis was also used to determine which of the caring factors predicts the quality of care. Results: The seven caring behaviors were highly evident among the community health nurses and a good quality of nursing care was reported. Likewise, all the seven caring behavior predicts the quality of nursing care. Conclusion: The outcome was found to be positive for the overall standard of treatment. The research concluded that the overall level of treatment revealed is predicted by caring behaviors.

Enculturation of Caring Behaviors in Clinical Simulation: An Integrative Review

There exists the evidence that clinical simulation can cultivate caring behaviors among nursing students. Despite this, there is an inadequate educational approach used in cultivating caring behaviors. This paper presents the enculturation practices use in cultivating caring in clinical simulation. An integrative review was conducted using primary research articles published between 2010 and 2020 from electronic databases and the web. In the context of simulation, enculturation is defined as an outcome of learning where the nursing student is immersed in a structured environment. Vehicles for cultivating caring behaviors are delivered intentionally or unintentionally through role modeling, didactics, verbal instruction, interactions, and socialization.