Business Plan and Industrial Development

Writing of business plans ensures performance of a business and contributes to enabling countries to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs). The latter are intended, in part, to promote industrialization, and improved human living and working standards. This chapter identifies and analyses the importance of business plan for family-owned food processing small and medium enterprises (Fo-SMEs). It advocates for the establishment of an “integrated planning” strategy to link Fo-SMEs and government support system for business development. Business-planning forecasts industrial production based on consumers' demands. Integrated planning ensures sustainability of Fo-SMEs, farmers' economic growth, and consequent achievement of SDGs. Tanzania Fo-SMEs serve as a useful lesson for developing economies. Future studies should consider Fo-SMEs' succession planning framework.

Meningkatkan Skala UMKM Jambi dengan Penyusunan Rencana Bisnis yang Aplikatif

ABSTRACT Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are the largest part of Indonesia's existing business units. Its contribution to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) also continues to increase from year to year. Even though there are many MSMEs in quantity, they can still be improved from the aspect of business scale, in order to strengthen competitiveness and sustainability. To be able to increase the scale of business, planning is needed. The planning involves the necessary preparations so that the business is ready to grow and has the potential to become big. In the plan, which is usually called a “business plan”, business owners are encouraged to know more about the business they are running. Marketing, sales, operations, resources and finance aspects are the main focus. Each aspect is discussed in detail about what can be done, not only in the short term, but also in the medium and even long term. Forward projections based on reasonable assumptions. This is where accuracy and thoroughness are needed in preparing plans so that the steps compiled can be implemented, not only beautiful on paper. This is also found in MSMEs in Jambi Province. On this basis, the Community Service Team (PKM) together with the Center for Entrepreneurship Studies (PUSWIRA) of Tarumanagara University provided training and assistance in the preparation of business plans to 150 Jambi MSMEs. The activity, which lasted for one month, in July 2021, has helped MSME owners develop a simple but applicable business plan so that the managed business is on the right track to grow and be sustainable. ABSTRAK Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) adalah bagian terbesar dari unit usaha yang ada Indonesia. Kontribusinya terhadap Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) juga terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Walau secara kuantitas berjumlah banyak UMKM masih dapat ditingkatkan lagi dari aspek skala usaha, agar dapat memperkuat daya saing dan keberlanjutan. Untuk dapat meningkatkan skala usaha diperlukan perencanaan. Perencanaan tersebut menyangkut persiapan yang diperlukan agar usaha siap untuk tumbuh dan berkemungkinan menjadi besar. Di dalam perencanaan yang biasa disebut “business plan” pemilik usaha didorong untuk mengenal lebih dalam mengenai usaha yang dijalankan. Aspek pemasaran, penjualan, operasi, sumber daya dan keuangan menjadi fokus utama. Setiap aspek dibahas secara rinci mengenai hal yang dapat dilakukan, tidak hanya dalam jangka pendek saja, tapi juga menengah bahkan panjang. Proyeksi ke depan berdasarkan asumsi yang masuk akal. Di sinilah diperlukan kecermatan dan ketelitian di dalam menyusun rencana agar langkah-langkah yang disusun dapat dilaksanakan, tidak hanya indah di atas kertas. Hal ini yang juga ditemui pada UMKM di Provinsi Jambi. Atas dasar itu Tim Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PKM) bersama dengan Pusat Studi Kewirausahaan (PUSWIRA) Universitas Tarumanagara memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan penyusunan rencana bisnis kepada 150 UMKM Jambi. Kegiatan yang berlangsung selama satu bulan yaitu pada Juli 2021 ini telah membantu pemilik UMKM menyusun rencana bisnis sederhana namun aplikatif agar usaha yang dikelola berada di jalur yang tepat untuk tumbuh dan berkelanjutan.

Professional publishing and Lithuanian books in the first two-thirds of the 19th century in Lithuania: The case of the Zawadzki firm

Successfully profiting from textbook publishing as the typographer at Vilnius University, Józef Zawadzki (1781‒1838) established one of the most important and most successful book publishing, production, and distribution companies of the 19th and the first half of the 20th century in the territories of former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealt. The Zawadzki firm represented the new category of professional publishers. Over the first seventy years of the firm’s existence at the firm’s expense were published 122 Lithuanian books, as well as printed about 50 Lithuanian publications at their authors finances. The attitude of the members of Zawadzki family regarding the publishing of Lithuanian books essentially changed. While the Józef Zawadzki was indifferent towards them, in the middle of the 19th century Adam Zawadzki (1814‒1875) outcompeted other professional book publishers and distributors, and monopolized the publishing of Lithuanian books in the Samogitian Diocese, becoming not only the most important publisher of Lithuanian books, but also their printer and distributor. The successful realization of Adam Zawadzki’s business plans was partly due to his longstanding contacts with the most active figures of Lithuanian written culture, with whom he maintained a new form of cooperation based on authorial royalties, partly due effectively distribution of published matter, using first stationary bookstore in the periphery, located in the west of Lithuania (which served as a retail and wholesale trade enterprise), various ways of non-stationary book trade, services of a commercial library and advertising. Owing to Adam’s efforts, the Zawadzki firm made a significant contribution uniting main forces of authors and publishers of Lithuanian books in 19th century Lithuania, renewing the repertoire of Lithuanian books, as well as giving Lithuanian book publishing, production and distribution features characteristic for a modern business. A model of dealing with censorship through illegal publishing, developed with the publication Apej brostwą błaiwistes arba nusiturieima, was used throughout all the forty years of the press ban and helped raising several generations of literate Lithuanians and bringing Lithuania and Lithuania Minor closer together.

Fundamentals of business planning of agricultural enterprises

In world practice, a business plan has long become a generally accepted way of providing commercial information and the basis for business negotiations. With the development of market relations and the expansion of international economic relations, business planning becomes one of the important elements of ensuring the competitiveness and successful production and financial activities of an enterprise. On the basis of the business plan, the calculation of the economic efficiency of business ideas and investment decisions, the assessment of the commercial feasibility of investing in their implementation is carried out. A well thought out business plan can be a key step in building a successful and sustainable agricultural enterprise. Business plans, as objects that reflect the characteristics of the field of activity, must be developed not in a template, but based, first of all, on the intended purpose. In this case, the number of sections is regulated. It is one thing when a business plan is developed with the aim of introducing a highly effective innovation, and quite another when it is created for the financial recovery of an organization. A business plan is a document that defines the future goals of a business and a strategy for achieving them. Description can take two forms: narrative and financial. A business plan includes the following documents: resume, business introduction, market analysis, competitor analysis, products and services, marketing and sales strategies, organizational structure, and financial projections. Thus, a business plan is an invaluable tool that helps a grower to be on track to achieve the goals of an agricultural business. Regardless of whether you are a cattle farmer, raising products or processing, it is an agricultural business.

PENDAMPINGAN BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA (BUMDES) DALAM OPTIMALISASI POTENSI DESA DI DESA CEPAKA TABANAN-BALI

Community service that is carried out has a purpose, namely it is expected to be able to provide benefits in the form of increasing entrepreneurial practices, related; maximizing potential, management capabilities, understanding business plans and their implementation, as well as increasing the ability to collaborate with external parties. In addition, it can improve business management that has been running and improve the quality of records owned. The methods used are 1) the presentation method is used to deliver detailed material and examples related to entrepreneurship, 2) the discussion method, 3) the simulation method and operational assistance. The activity was attended by the Cepaka Village BUMDes management/manager. Based on the assistance provided and observations, it can be seen that the participants followed and responded positively to each given program. Furthermore, they feel this assistance is very useful to assist them in carrying out their business operations.

Business skills development for a successful fashion business in peri-urban communities, South Africa

Background: Entrepreneurs from disadvantaged backgrounds often possess low levels of education, limited qualifications and training. This also applies to survivalist fashion entrepreneurs in the Sedibeng District Municipality (SDM), Gauteng. Over a third of these entrepreneurs are not formally educated in business skills and may not possess the adequate knowledge to operate their fashion business successfully.Aim: The aim of this research was to investigate the uses and challenges pertaining to business skills amongst fashion entrepreneurs without formal, fashion-related education or training, in order to determine their business skills’ training needs.Setting: The sample population included 105 black, adult fashion entrepreneurs, operating micro, survivalist fashion enterprises within peri-urban, resource-poor communities in the Emfuleni Local Municipality (ELM) of the Sedibeng district. Data for this study were collected from the respondents whilst shopping at fabric and haberdashery stores or from their home-business environments.Methods: A quantitative study applying non-probability, purposive and snowball sampling was performed. Data were collected by means of interviewer-administered questionnaires by trained fieldworkers.Results: The results indicated that the respondents lacked skills in developing business plans and possessed only moderate skills in finance and marketing. The respondents indicated training needs for fashion business skills in all areas of investigation, including developing a business plan, conducting basic bookkeeping, determining correct product pricing, drafting quotations and invoices, developing a budget, conducting basic market research and advertising their products and services.Conclusion: Fashion business skill training programmes should be developed to target and train fashion entrepreneurs without formal fashion-related education or training, contributing to the long-term sustainability of local fashion businesses in South Africa (SA).

Automation of Best-Fit Model Selection using a Bag of Machine Learning Libraries for Sales Forecasting

Sales forecasting became crucial for industries in past decades with rapid globalization, widespread adoption of information technology towards e-business, understanding market fluctuations, meeting business plans, and avoiding loss of sales. This research precisely predicts the automotive industry sales using a bag of multiple machine learning and time series algorithms coupled with historical sales and auxiliary features. Three-year historical sales data (from 2017 till 2020) were used for the model building or training, and one-year (2020-2021) predictions were computed for 900 unique SKU's (stock-keeping units). In the present study, the SKU is a combination of sales office, core business field, and material customer group. Various data cleaning and exploratory data analysis algorithms were implemented over raw datasets before use for modeling. Mean absolute percentage error (mape) were estimated for individual predictions from time series and machine learning models. The best model was selected for unique SKU's as per the most negligible mape value.

Research: From Idea to Commercialization

The presentation focuses on the processes in research and innovation, from transforming ideas to research topics to exploitation and commercialization of research results, It also describes the research and innovation landscape in Germany and the implementation of the triple helix innovation model, The road of commercialization of research results is also presented including data management, IPR management, and creating business plans.

The Importance of Certification with PDO and PGI Quality Schemes: A Critical Analysis of the Romanian Beekeeping Sector

The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development defines quality schemes as "a way of recognizing the quality of agri-food products that have a sensory characteristic influenced by the geographical area" (MARD, 2019). The advantages of honey protection with the PDO and PGI quality schemes lead to the increase of the added value of Romanian honey and the increase of the consumers' credibility regarding the honey quality (MARD, 2021a). The research was based on a questionnaire survey, which was distributed online in Romania, during 2020-2021. The final sample consists of 433 Romanian beekeepers, out of which 59.4% are members of an association and over 15% own over 150 hives, being included in the category of professional beekeepers. The results showed that most beekeepers participating in the study recognize PDO (59%) and PGI (67,1%) logos, and some have tried to associate with other beekeepers to obtain certain quality certifications. At the same time, a correlation was identified between beekeepers who accessed support measures to increase the economic efficiency of the apiary (making business plans in this regard) and those associated with the purpose of obtaining quality certification for honey.

Places of Phygital Shopping Experiences? The New Supply Frontier of Business Improvement Districts in the Digital Age

Business Improvement Districts (BIDs) have flourished as local governance structures to foster the vitality and viability of traditional shopping districts that have struggled to adapt to retail changes. This paper examines the evolution of placemaking activities that former UK government-funded pilot BIDs have delivered over the last 15 years. Drawing on an exploratory sequential research design that combines a qualitative and quantitative thematic analysis of 72 BIDs’ business plans, the findings suggest that UK BIDs have described a non-hierarchical operational framework as services providers considering that: (i) elementary placemaking services, such as ‘clean, green and safe’, have regained thematic relevance due to recent environmental sustainability concerns; (ii) higher-tier lobbying and advocacy services have been an operational priority since BIDs’ inception; (iii) while consumer and place marketing/branding services have seen continual thematic reductions, digital presence and marketing services have emerged as a new category of operational activities. These results extend place management and BID-related literature by discussing the growing role that digital marketing services may perform in the management of town centers and high streets and are relevant to practitioners as it discusses how place management organizations should reposition their operational strategies towards the creation of places of phygital shopping experiences.