PENENTUAN POLA OPERASI PINTU PELIMPAH DALAM RANGKA PENGENDALIAN BANJIR BENDUNGAN DELINGAN, JAWA TENGAH

A spillway is one of many important components of a dam, which is operated to prevent the dam from overtopping. Spillway with gate structures requires to have a good operation pattern by considering a minimum critical height and outflow discharge to prevent any flooding events in the downstream part of the spillway channel. The case study in this research is the Delingan Dam which has two ogee spillways, four main sluice gates and four additional sluice gates. Located in Karanganyar District, West Java, Delingan Dam is considered as a vast infrastructure which is potentially threatening if the spillway’s operation is not optimal. This study aims to analyze the spillway gate operations’ pattern of Delingan Dam in order to control the flooding event. The methodology used in this study is flood routing by utilizing several scenarios in order to obtain the optimal simulation results. Five scenarios that were simulated on the designated flood discharge have various combinations on the number of gates and their opening, as well as the time in which the operation started. The results show that the operation only using ogee spillway still meets the criteria for minimum critical height and maximum allowable discharge for return period of 25, 50, and 100 year.As the discharge with 1000 year return period, half of PMF, and PMF,the recommended operation is, foremost, to occupy the main gate in which results in the peak outflow discharge of 23.65 m3/s, 62.4 m3/s, and 140.9 m3/s, with the minimum critical height of 1.45 m, 1.41 m, and 1.35 m, respectively. However, this operation is not adequate for the half of PMF, and the PMF discharge, since the capacity in the spillway channel is estimated about 24.7 m3/s.Keywords: spillway, flood control, spillway gate operation, the delingan dam

Surgical Treatment of Ruptured Infectious Femoral Pseudoaneurysms Caused By Intravenous Drug Abuse: A Nonemergent (Postponed) Operation Pattern May Be a Possible Alternative

Objective: To evaluate the possibility of surgical treatment of ruptured infectious femoral pseudoaneurysms caused by intravenous drug abuse in a nonemergent operation pattern, with retrospective analysis of clinical data and experience at a single center.Methods: Clinical data of 85 consecutive patients presenting with groin area active or recent hemorrhage due to a ruptured infectious femoral artery pseudoaneurysm related to drug abuse who were treated in the First Hospital of Changsha, China, from July 2008 to June 2020 were collected and analyzed.Results: A total of 74.1% of patients presented with active hemorrhage, and 36.5% presented with significant hypotension at admission. The average interval between arrival and operation was 34.7±4.7 hours. Vital physiological parameters and overall situation improved significantly after sufficient preoperative preparation. Satisfactory hemostasis can be achieved by bandage compression or local skin suture. No case was transferred to urgent operation due to severe bleeding, and 1 postoperative death case was observed in the cohort. The main operative- and postoperative-related indicators were satisfactory and close to those in the emergent operation pattern.Conclusion: While emergent or urgent operation is the mainstream surgical treatment for ruptured infectious femoral pseudoaneurysms, nonemergent (postponed) operation with sufficient preoperative preparation might also be an acceptable and comparable choice in some cases.

Utilize BIM Technology for Achiveing Sustainable Passengers Terminal in Baghdad International Airport

The construction of airport infrastructures usually consumes huge amount of energy. In fact, the airport buildings are among the largest energy consumers entities due to their huge size and special operation pattern as well as their unique configuration that facilitate the large number of accommodated passengers. Despite the local energy shortage in Iraq in the last two decades, there is a quite scarce number of researches that deal with sustainable airport buildings. The aim of this research is to analyze the terminal building in Baghdad International Airport in order to find out the best set of modifications that result in an optimal energy consumption and least carbon dioxide emissions. The analysis was conducted by the use of Building Information Modelling (BIM) technology and the associated programs such as; Auto desk Revit 2021 and Auto desk Insight 360, in order to determine the optimal strategies by which the most applicable alternative construction materials and procedures are considered in order to obtain an environmentally and economically sustainable airport terminal buildings. By applying this analysis on Nineveh terminal building in Baghdad International Airport revealed that many alternatives are capable of making tangible reduction in the Energy Use Intensity (EUI). Such reductions are noticed when altering, in the optimum manner, the windows configurations in terms of size, glazing type, and shadings. The alteration of construction materials for walls and roofs also reduces the EUI. It was also found out that the change in lighting control systems and lighting efficiency may reduce EUI. But the major impact could be resulted when altering the Heating/Ventilating/ Air conditioning Systems (HVAC) in the optimum manner which reduces the EUI by 67.15kw/m2/year, and the proper use of photovoltaic panels which provides a sustainable electricity and reduces EUI by 57.08 kWh/m2/year. Accordingly; in the quest of the best procedure to develop a sustainable terminal building, it is highly recommended to alter the HVAC systems and the utilization of the photovoltaic panels on rooftops.

THE WAY RAREM RESERVOIR’S EFFICACY IN SUPPLYING THE IRRIGATION AREA: A SIMULATION ANALYSIS

This research intends to evaluate the Way Rarem reservoir operation’s efficacy in supplying its irrigation area. The methodology uses simulation analysis based on various dependable discharges. Three conditions of dependable discharge are applied, with probabilities of 80%, 50%, and 35%. The Way Rarem reservoir is located in North Lampung Regency, Lampung Province, Indonesia. For the operation of the Way Rarem reservoir, in 1984, it was planned for reservoir to serve an area of 22,000 ha to meet its water requirement, where the capacity of the carrier channel had a discharge of 22.22 m3/s. As of 2015, an irrigation area of 15,081 ha was served; moreover, the reservoir was ready to serve 17,612.75 ha in 2017 using a dependable discharge of 50%. The watershed area of Way Rarem is 328 km2; the normal storage capacity is 59.90 million m3 with a water level of 54.00 mm, while the minimum water level is 46.00 m for irrigation water taking. In this study, the simulation is carried out using the existing conditions, and the crop intensity reaches 146.25%. After conducting the assessment of the reservoir operation pattern, the crop intensity reaches 177.25%, and the reservoir water that is not used and the overflow through the spillway is about 175.94 million m3. This result can be used as a reference for further research as an optimization model.

DYNAMICS PATTERNS OF INFLOW IN THE RESERVOIR THAT OPERATED FOR TWO DECADES

Climate change in the past 20 years brings significant alteration in the earth surface. It affects extremely anomaly temperature, such as the ENSO, IOD, and SOI phenomena. The Pacific Ocean Region, the Indian Ocean Region, and the Darwin – Tahiti Region undergo an increase and a decrease in the sea surface temperatures (SST); thus, it can lead to seasonal change in Indonesia. Due to ENSO, IOD, and SOI, climate change also highly affects the operation pattern of reservoirs, food production, and other commodities. This research used SST data (Nino 1.2, Nino 3, Nino 3.4, Nino 4, IOD West, IOD East, and SOI) from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and rainfall data from 1998 to 2018 of nine stations at Wonogiri Reservoir watershed. Trend analysis of the SST index indicated an increase in trend SST index. Trend analysis of monthly rainfall average at Wonogiri Watershed area indicated a decrease in January, March, April, May, June, July, August, and October, while it increased in February, September, November, and December. Multiple linear regression analysis with the stepwise regression method indicated that during the rainy season, the rainfall at Wonogiri Watershed and Inflow at Wonogiri reservoir were influenced by the SST index (Nino 1.2, Nino 3, Nino 3.4, Nino 4). Meanwhile, during the dry season, the rainfall at Wonogiri Watershed and the Inflow at Wonogiri reservoir were influenced by the SST index (IOD West, IOD East, and SOI). With monthly correlations between SST and rainfall data that have a dynamic characteristic, it can be used to calculate the inflow probability distribution in optimizing reservoir operation patterns.

Adaptive attention-based human machine interface system for teleoperation of industrial vehicle

This study proposes a Human Machine Interface (HMI) system with adaptive visual stimuli to facilitate teleoperation of industrial vehicles such as forklifts. The proposed system estimates the context/work state during teleoperation and presents the optimal visual stimuli on the display of HMI. Such adaptability is supported by behavioral models which are developed from behavioral data of conventional/manned forklift operation. The proposed system consists of two models, i.e., gaze attention and work state transition models which are defined by gaze fixations and operation pattern of operators, respectively. In short, the proposed system estimates and shows the optimal visual stimuli on the display of HMI based on temporal operation pattern. The usability of teleoperation system is evaluated by comparing the perceived workload elicited by different types of HMI. The results suggest the adaptive attention-based HMI system outperforms the non-adaptive HMI, where the perceived workload is consistently lower as responded by different categories of forklift operators.