cultural empowerment
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2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Petter A. Stoor ◽  
Heidi A. Eriksen ◽  
Anne C. Silviken

Abstract Background Suicide is a major public health issue among Indigenous Sámi in Nordic countries, and efforts to prevent suicide in the Sámi context are increasing. However, there is no literature on suicide prevention initiatives among Sámi. The aim of the study was to map suicide prevention initiatives targeting Sámi in Norway, Sweden, and Finland during 2005–2019. Method Initiatives were identified and described through utilizing networks among stakeholders in the field of suicide prevention among Sámi, acquiring documentation of initiatives and utilizing the authors first-hand experiences. The described initiatives were analyzed inspired by the “What is the problem represented to be?” (WPR)-approach. Results Seventeen initiatives targeting Sámi were identified during 2005–2019, including nine in Sweden, five in Norway, one in Finland and two international initiatives. Analysis with the WPR-approach yielded 40 problematizations regarding how to prevent suicide among Sámi, pertaining to shortcomings on individual (5), relational (15), community/cultural (3), societal (14) and health systems levels (3). All initiatives were adapted to the Sámi context, varying from tailor-made, culture-specific approaches to targeting Sámi with universal approaches. The most common approaches were the gatekeeper and mental health literacy training programs. The initiatives generally lacked thorough evaluation components. Conclusion We argue that the dominant rationales for suicide prevention were addressing shortcomings on individual and relational levels, and raising awareness in the general public. This threatens obscuring other, critical, approaches, such as broadening perspectives in prevention planning, improving health systems for Sámi, and promoting cultural empowerment among Sámi. Nevertheless, the study confirms considerable efforts have been invested into suicide prevention among Sámi during the last 15 years, and future initiatives might include a broader set of prevention rationales. To improve evaluation and identify the most promising practices, increased support regarding development of plans and implementation of evaluation components is needed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-46
Author(s):  
Joseph Klein ◽  
Rodayna Badir

In line with the literature that describes conflicts between commitment to work and to family in patriarchal societies undergoing cultural changes, including the cultural empowerment of women, this study examines whether such a development is evident among teacher-mothers in Arab society in Israel, and if so, how it affects their functioning in both settings. 537 teacher-mothers from high schools in Arab society in Israel, representing the population in all districts of the country, completed questionnaires that examined conflictual characteristics and their implications for the teachers’ functioning. It was found that the teachers are in a bidirectional conflict between commitment to family and work but that they cope with it successfully. A model was validated that describes the systemic significance of the commitment conflict between family and work. Identifying conflict factors may facilitate the proposal of means to moderate them. The possibility of expanding the model in further research is discussed.


2021 ◽  
pp. 105649262110176
Author(s):  
Smita K. Trivedi ◽  
Antoaneta P. Petkova

This study examines the processes and mechanisms through which entrepreneurship leads to the empowerment and emancipation of women living in poverty. Drawing on the entrepreneuring as emancipation perspective, we identify specific activities through which emancipatory entrepreneuring manifests itself in the context of women’s entrepreneurship in India. We observe that the activities of a social entrepreneur—the SEWA trade union—complement the activities of individual entrepreneurs and lead to economic, personal, and cultural empowerment. Further, we find evidence of emancipation at the collective level, expressed in changes of sociocultural norms about women’s entrepreneurship. Our study extends the entrepreneuring as emancipation perspective and contributes to research on empowerment and emancipation, women’s entrepreneurship, and entrepreneurship in developing countries.


2020 ◽  
pp. 67-80
Author(s):  
Madhu Giri

The notion of storytelling in playback theatre (Chautari Natak) suggests a dialogue between performer and audience. This dialogue in the public sphere can evoke collective understanding on political and natural disaster victims, and cultivate grounds of negotiation for micro levels of misunderstanding in socio-cultural issues. One of the main objectives of the paper is to analyze methodological intervention employed by the Chautari Natak to initiate sharing/communication between ex-combatant and the local community. Based on field observation and interviews, I argue that the Chautari Natak, as methodological innovation for social dialogue, transforms personal stories into avenues for the socio-cultural empowerment of the participants and promotion of social cohesion. The Chautari Natak performance could be linked to a description of community performance as a way to overcome loneliness and reduce the distance between cultural groups, status groups, and constitute an experience of community for those participants. Marginalized audience or real people, who are focused by Chautari Natak, rarely get opportunities to tell real stories in society. Storytelling in a public forum is a breakthrough in communication among participants, healing of the storyteller, and it can be a general issue for the transformation of the political and socio-cultural understanding. For the theoretical analysis, I employed Van Gennep’s and Turner’s concepts of liminality for the stage of storytelling and performance among the audience. The act of telling a personal story can be analyzed through the lens of Habermas’ notion of communicative practice of everyday life.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Teresa Varela ◽  
Odete Palaré ◽  
Sofia Menezes

This text presents a reflection on the elements that coinfluence creative processes in learning. This study highlights a specific period in secondary education at the António Arroio Art School in Lisbon, Portugal, developed during the curricular activity Training in Working Context with students of the 12th grade. It aims to identify interpersonal and intercultural relations utilizing active participation and involvement in communities of artistic practice. This research follows an action-research methodology with data collection via observation and interviews with students. The results show that human mediation promotes significant creative collaboration, the construction of one’s own identity, and artistic production with others, and it also allows us to perceive creativity as cultural empowerment. Empathy, emotional understanding, and an atmosphere of trust are the factors that students acknowledge as important in the creative process. Freedom and flexibility in creative collaboration practices, promoting autonomous and critical thinking, are also highlighted. Thus, we conclude that values such as mutual respect, solidarity, freedom of expression, and self-help applied in creative practices are crucial in interpersonal communication between teachers and students.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Rahman

Abstract PROSHIKA is one of the largest non-government development organizations (NGOs) in Bangladesh. It is an acronym for three Bangla words, viz. proshikshan (training), shiksha (education) and kaj (action). Since its inception, PROSHIKA has made efforts to generate a participatory process of development and has succeeded in pioneering an approach that puts human development at the centre. The central ethos is human development and empowerment of the poor who gradually stand to achieve freedom from poverty themselves. The process is founded upon the understanding that poverty reduction and promotion of sustainable development are dependent on human and material capacity building of the poor to enable their socioeconomic and cultural empowerment. PROSHIKA implements an aquaculture programme through groups, federations and community-based organisations (CBOs) linked with government, national and international organisations and NGOs to promote access to water-bodies and to lobby with policy-makers for sustainable management of aquatic resources. PROSHIKA has enabled 256,000 men and women to directly benefit from the formation of private institutions undertaking policy development.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mohiuddin

The paper aims to understand the causes of changing gender perception in Cox’s Bazar district of Bangladesh after the Rohingya influx. Rohingyas have been playing a significant role in the life and attitude of host communities. The study revealed that Rohingya people and their culture are blending with the local people and culture which eventually is affecting the existing hosts’ tradition and practice. Even this blending is restructuring the socio-economic and religion-cultural practices of the host people. On the other hand, NGOs and INGOs are offering jobs to local women and girls. This opportunity though benefiting the stakeholders’ family is ultimately breaking the long-practiced social and religious structure of the society. By and large, the host people are conservative. Women and girls wear veils and they have no practice to work or job by going outside. So, this type of economic, societal, and cultural empowerment of women and girls sometimes contrasts with religious and social long drilled practices in the host area. Further, families who could not afford to manage any job in the camp feel frustrated and sometimes play a negative impression on the women's and girls’ mobility and job. Hence, the key question of the article is to know why the perception of gender in the host area is changing after the Rohingya arrivals. Methodologically, this is explorative research that followed the qualitative method instrumented with the Case studies, Key Informant Interviews (KIIs), and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). The paper has also endeavored to address the changing nature of women’s empowerment and gender dimension in the host area that occurred after the Rohingya influx which is not explored yet. Therefore, this study can be a fairy source for posterior researchers.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-263
Author(s):  
Paola Bertola ◽  
Chiara Colombi ◽  
Valeria M. Iannilli ◽  
Federica Vacca

What Is Race? ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 4-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally Haslanger

The concept of race has a troublesome history. It has been used to divide societies and subordinate groups in unjust ways. It has also been a source of pride and strength for the subordinate (as well as, unfortunately, for the dominant). Historically it has also carried assumptions of naturalness: races are natural kinds that exist independent of human thought and activity. In recent years, however, the naturalness of race has been challenged and replaced with the idea that race is socially constructed. This raises many important philosophical questions: How should one inquire into the concept of race when there is such broad controversy over what race is? What are the relevant phenomena to be considered? How should such an inquiry take into account the social stakes (e.g. the potential impact of maintaining or rejecting the concept of race)? Is it possible for concepts to evolve, or is conceptual replacement the only option? In Chapter 1, the author takes up these methodological questions and positions herself as a critical theorist considering what role the concept of race has in the sociopolitical domain. She argues that there is a meaningful political conception of race that is important in order to address the history of racial injustice. This is compatible with there being different conceptions of race that are valuable in other contexts and for different purposes (e.g., for medical research, cultural empowerment).


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