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Author(s):  
Jaime Barrio Cortes ◽  
Claudia Rojas Muñoz ◽  
Miguel Ángel Acosta Benito ◽  
Ángela Hidalgo Baz ◽  
Ángel Vicario Merino ◽  
...  

Short-term volunteers are susceptible to a wide spectrum of morbidities, mostly infectious diseases preventable with general hygiene and preventive measures. This study aimed to identify the health problems encountered by European short-term volunteers collaborating for 1 month with a nongovernmental organization (NGO) in Cambodia and to describe their characteristics. A prospective, descriptive observational study was conducted on short-term volunteers who collaborated with an NGO in Cambodia during August 2018. Informed consent and sociodemographic, clinical, and preventative health-related questionnaire data were provided by 198 volunteers. The health problems encountered were confirmed in a primary care consultation with healthcare professionals. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed. The median age of the volunteers was 22 years (interquartile range = 21–24), and 64% were women. Some (18.2%) had allergies, 8.6% had preexisting health conditions, and 10.6% were under regular treatment. A total of 77.3% visited a pretravel consultation clinic, 39.9% completed a specific pretravel health course, 21.7% took malaria prophylaxis, 92.4% received hepatitis A vaccination, and 82.3% received typhoid fever vaccination. Medical assistance was sought by 112 (57.3%) of the volunteers. The average number of health problems was 2.5 (standard deviation = 1.5), and the total number of health problems attended by the medical team was 279. The most common health problems were upper respiratory infections (12.2 per 1,000 person-days), wounds (10.8 per 1,000 person-days), and diarrhea (6.3 per 1,000 person-days). Short-term volunteers experienced a high rate of health problems during their stay in Cambodia, but most of the problems were mild and preventable and resolved quickly. Pretravel consultation and specific pretravel health training seemed to increase disease awareness.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael I. Prats ◽  
Kirsten Irene Boone ◽  
Diane Gorgas ◽  
David Bahner

Aims: At the Ohio State University College of Medicine, medical students have the option to train in ultrasound and take part in global electives where they can utilize clinical ultrasound. This presents the opportunity for medical students to engage in bidirectional sharing of medical and ultrasound knowledge in geographic regions with limited resources. We developedBringing Ultrasound Internationally for Long-term development (BUILD), a longitudinal course, to provide standardized ultrasound education to students planning to enroll in global health electives.Material and methods: This was a pilot study of the BUILD curriculum. Third-year medical students planning to complete a global health elective were invited to participate. Enrolled students completed an online curriculum, hands-on scanning, and pathology sessions, which augmented the predeparture Global Health course work. Students received two resource assessments: one to be completed by the student, and one to be completed by the on-site preceptor. Main outcomes measured were number of enrolled students, primary indications for imaging, and number of scans per-day.Results: In total, 152 students participated in the study and traveled to 22 different global sites in Low-Income Countries (LIC’s). All enrolled students completed the curriculum. Between 3 and 25 scans were performed per day and the leading indication for ultrasound imaging was obstetric and abdominal pain evaluation.Conclusions: The BUILD curriculum is a feasible construct to prepare students for using ultrasound during global electives. Students successfully performed proctored scans in a variety of settings. This format can be adopted by other institutions to further support student and global ultrasound programs.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengping Xue ◽  
Baohai Pan

Scientific methodology of soil and farmland health management and crop quality improvement is urgent to set up. Our objective was to recognize and sweep away the choke point and improve the farmland health course by applying the philosophy and method of six sigma. Farmland and crop quality improvement for heavy metals belongs to Systems Engineering. SIPOC flux of heavy metals indicates the key process by causal factor analysis through quantitative way. Multi-source and multi-scale data suggest that key process of performance is source control. Measurement processes analyse data and eliminate root causes to improve sigma levels. The study was conducted on farmland and crop health management with concern at the inputs and mechanism that had choke point and high defect rate. DMAIC of sources and exports of cd in the soil will improve and control the Quality of crop and farmland. The premise of implementing six sigma is that the chosen metrics are measurable and effective, but we find a lack of good correlation between terminal index and intermediate index in heavy metal pollution. Suggestion is as follows: Big data could be shared and processed intelligently; policy and culture to pollution-free is more important to farmland and crop health by six sigma.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-316
Author(s):  
Krista D. Mincey

Implicit bias is a topic many faculty/instructors may feel uncomfortable teaching and discussing with their students. As public health professionals, it is important that we teach the next generation of public health professionals about bias so that they are able to address the elements in society that allow these biases to affect the health care that is received and the health outcomes that occur because of these biases. This article provides detailed information on an activity around bias conducted with undergraduate students in an Introduction to Public Health course. The article discusses how this activity can be adapted and guidance on how to make this activity work for any course.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 757-757
Author(s):  
Erin Grinshteyn

Abstract Ageism is pervasive. The negative consequences of ageism are vast, and the literature on the effects of ageism on health and health care is extensive. The perpetrators of ageism are equally vast. While it may be tempting to believe that those who go into the fields of gerontology and geriatrics are free from these attitudes and behaviors, this is untrue. It is reasonable to suspect that future public health professionals, even those interested in gerontology, may also carry ageist ideas and practices into their professional careers. This research was developed to determine whether teaching about aging and ageism in a public health course could reduce ageism among students. Participants were students in a class on aging and public health. All students were graduate students in a Master of Public Health (MPH) program. Multiple assessments were used to assess ageism including the Framboni Scale of Ageism (FSA), a validated 29-question measure used to assess ageism, and the Succession, Identity, and Consumption (SIC) scale, another scale assessing ageism. Students were enrolled in an elective course on aging and public health, which was taught through the public health lens of disease prevention and health promotion. Health topics related to aging are discussed with an emphasis on prevention. The contributions older adults make, and the resulting improved health and well-being of self, others, and community are promoted. And the class participates in activities with a variety of community-dwelling older adults. Results show that ageism among students is reduced after the semester long course.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candice B. Limper ◽  
Ariana L. Hinckley-Boltax ◽  
Casey L. Cazer

COVID-19 has had significant effects on the field of veterinary medicine. Adaptation to pandemic-related and post-pandemic challenges requires engagement from all levels of the professional pipeline, including veterinary college students. Insights gained from this group may inform curriculum design, help the veterinary profession innovate, maximize opportunities for positive change, and avoid negative outcomes. The current study aimed to understand the potential impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on veterinary medicine, as foreseen by second-year veterinary students in an online discussion during a public health course in the spring of 2020. Twenty-one percent of the 113 students agreed to participate in this qualitative research study. We used an inductive coding process and distilled the student responses into descriptive themes to capture diverse perspectives and understand possible post-pandemic pathways for the veterinary profession. Four themes emerged from the student discussion posts, describing how veterinarians might be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic: (1) economic and social impacts, (2) adapting to challenges, (3) collaborations to improve public health, and (4) disparities and diversity. These themes are a starting point for discussion and innovation as veterinarians plan for the post-pandemic world; further investigation will provide additional guidance for veterinary leaders.


PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12078
Author(s):  
Dannielle Post ◽  
Agnes Vitry ◽  
Katherine L. Baldock

The impacts of COVID-19 have been felt on a global scale, with associated physical distancing restrictions and economic downturn having flow-on effects for mental health and wellbeing across the community, and for university students in particular. First-year pharmaceutical and medical science students completing a common introductory population health course at an Australian university are routinely surveyed at the beginning of the semester as part of the course. Survey data inform teaching approaches based on understanding the ‘real life’ commitments and health profiles of students, and deidentified data form part of the teaching material. The 2020 student cohort was invited to complete a second follow-up survey during COVID-19 physical distancing restrictions. A total of n = 126 students completed both the initial and follow-up surveys (50.6% response rate), and n = 99 (39.8% of the total cohort) consented for their data to be included in research. There was a non-significant decrease in student employment; however, 22% of all students reported loss of work due to COVID-19. There was a statistically significant decrease in the proportion of students undertaking sufficient levels of physical activity, and a statistically significant increase in reported family stressors associated with loss of employment or an inability to gain employment between March and May 2020. Two-thirds of respondents reported increased stress as an impact of the transition to online learning. Implementation of holistic strategies, incorporating attention to additional factors influencing students’ capacity to engage in study, and which may have long-term impacts across the life of the degree program, should be considered.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Agung Cahyadi

This study was based on the problem found among the students of SMAN 2 Padang related to the low learning outcomes in Physical Education, sport and health course. These learning outcomes were affected by hemoglobin levels and physical fitness. This study aims to identify the direct and indirect effects among the variables hemoglobin levels, and physical fitness   towards learning outcomes in Physical Education, sport and health course. Quantitative research method with Path Analysis approach was carried out in this study. The study involved 308 (all) male students of SMAN 2 Padang in academic year 2018-2019 as the population. 100 students were taken as the sample by using Proportional Stratified Random Sampling. The data were collected using Hb test meter for hemoglobin levels; physical fitness test for physcal fitness; and the first semester exam results for learning outcomes. The results of data analysis show that the learning outcomes in Physical Education, sport and health course were: (1) affected directly by hemoglobin levels for 5.34%, (2) physical fitness for 13.40%; (2) affected indirectly by hemoglobin levels and physical fitness for 12.9%,


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