Capturing Dynamics of Information Diffusion in SNS: A Survey of Methodology and Techniques

Studying information diffusion in SNS (Social Networks Service) has remarkable significance in both academia and industry. Theoretically, it boosts the development of other subjects such as statistics, sociology, and data mining. Practically, diffusion modeling provides fundamental support for many downstream applications (e.g., public opinion monitoring, rumor source identification, and viral marketing). Tremendous efforts have been devoted to this area to understand and quantify information diffusion dynamics. This survey investigates and summarizes the emerging distinguished works in diffusion modeling. We first put forward a unified information diffusion concept in terms of three components: information, user decision, and social vectors, followed by a detailed introduction of the methodologies for diffusion modeling. And then, a new taxonomy adopting hybrid philosophy (i.e., granularity and techniques) is proposed, and we made a series of comparative studies on elementary diffusion models under our taxonomy from the aspects of assumptions, methods, and pros and cons. We further summarized representative diffusion modeling in special scenarios and significant downstream tasks based on these elementary models. Finally, open issues in this field following the methodology of diffusion modeling are discussed.

Balancing interests of authors and broad public

The authors investigate into the rules contained in the international treaties, Russian existing laws and judicial routine related to exclusiveness of authors’ rights. The character of social changes in the digital era were specified. Several types of legal relations remain traditional, however in today’s information society has to revise existing laws in which authors rights dominate over information user interests. At the same time, the authors re underprotected from piracy. Legislators have to prioritize in the first place who and from whom must be protected in the information society: the authros from pirates, intellectual property from plagiarism, or the users from actualaccessible information. Secondly, the rights of new knowledge have to be managed and efficient ways to righ t-ful transfer of accumulated knowledge to users have to be found. Implementation of information technologies into libraries and access to digital information resources change radically the quality of library services. The authors challenged themselves with attracting attention to the problems of information society in Russia.

Detour-Impact Index Method and Traffic Gathering Algorithm for Assessing Alternative Paths of Disrupted Roads

Infrastructure plays a key role in society. Recent collapses of bridges have underlined their importance for road functionality, causing disruptions to commuters and emergency vehicles. Major issues arise on rural roads, where the lack of redundancy leads to the isolation of entire communities. Actual approaches to assess the resilience of countryside roads rely on the availability of specific datasets, limiting their practical application; this issue is typically related to traffic data. This research aims to propose innovative algorithms to assess the road network’s vulnerability in rural areas, including a novel traffic data collection process and its calibration. The aggregate metric is called Detour-Impact Index (DII) and compares user costs before and after a disruptive event. The method uses traditional network-impact metrics in combination with a new algorithm that allows us to gather quantitative traffic data starting from qualitative information. User travel time showed good agreement between the proposed procedure and traditional web-based methods. Furthermore, the paper provides user delay costs functions accounting for traffic composition, trip purposes, vehicle operative costs, nonlinear volume–capacity relation, and average daily traffic. A significant aspect is the adaptability of this framework, as it is designed to be coupled with existing approaches. The method is demonstrated on a case study in Tuscany (Italy).

Information Need and Information User: Theory and Practice

This study discusses theoretical and practical issues of information needs and information users. The study presents a theoretical system about information needs and information users, including: concept, classification and role of information users; concept, classification, characteristics, and factors affecting information needs. The study affirms the practical values of information user's information needs for the development of society, the information and library industry and information user community.

User Identification Based on Integrating Multiple User Information across Online Social Networks

User identification can help us build more comprehensive user information. It has been attracting much attention from academia. Most of the existing works are profile-based user identification and relationship-based user identification. Due to user privacy settings and social network restrictions on user data crawl, user data may be missing or incomplete in real social networks. User data include profiles, user-generated contents (UGCs), and relationships. The features extracted in previous research may be sparse. In order to reduce the impact of the above problems on user identification, we propose a multiple user information user identification framework (MUIUI). Firstly, we develop multiprocess crawlers to obtain the user data from two popular social networks, Twitter and Facebook. Secondly, we use named entity recognition and entity linking to obtain and integrate locations and organizations from profiles and UGCs. We also extract URLs from profiles and UGCs. We apply the locations jointly with the relationships and develop several algorithms to measure the similarity of the display name, all locations, all organizations, location in profile, all URLs, following organizations, and user ID, respectively. Afterward, we propose a fusion classifier machine learning-based user identification method. The results show that the F1 score of MUIUI reaches 86.46% on the dataset. It proves that MUIUI can reduce the impact of user data that are missing or incomplete.

User Engagement in Developing Use-Inspired Glacial Lake Outburst Flood Decision Support Tools in Juneau and the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska

Glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) significantly affect downstream communities in Alaska. Notably, GLOFs originating from Suicide Basin, adjacent to Mendenhall Glacier, have impacted populated areas in Juneau, Alaska since 2011. On the Kenai Peninsula, records of GLOFs from Snow Glacier date as far back as 1949, affecting downstream communities and infrastructure along the Kenai and Snow river systems. The US National Weather Service, US Geological Survey, and University of Alaska Southeast (for Suicide Basin) provide informational products to aid the public in monitoring both glacial dammed lakes as well as the ensuing GLOFs. This 2 year study (2018–2019) analyzed how communities affected by the aforementioned GLOFs utilize these various products. The participants in this project represented a variety of different sectors and backgrounds to capture a diverse set of perspectives and insights, including those of homeowners, emergency responders, tour operators, and staff at federal and state agencies. In addition, feedback and suggestions were collected from interviewees to facilitate improvements or modifications by the relevant entities to make the informational products more usable. Findings from this study were also used to inform changes to the US National Weather Service monitoring websites for both Suicide Basin and Snow Glacier. This paper’s findings on GLOF information use are relevant for other GLOF-affected communities, from both an information user and information developer perspective.

Examining the Web Design and Quality of Information to User Satisfaction : The Case of Student at Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi INABA Bandung

This study aims to see how user satisfaction with website services in terms of aspects of web design and quality of information. The first hypothesis in this study is that there is a positive and significant influence between web design on user satisfaction with website services at the Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi INABA Bandung. The second hypothesis in this study is that there is a positive and significant influence between web design on user satisfaction with website services at the Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi INABA Bandung. The population in this study were students in Class A of the Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi INABA Bandung, amounting to 39 people. The sampling method was carried out by total sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using multiple regression methods. The results showed that web design has a positive and significant influence on user satisfaction with website services at the Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi INABA Bandung. The quality of information has a positive and significant effect on user satisfaction with website services at the Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi INABA Bandung. The quality of information has the most dominant influence on user satisfaction at the Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi INABA Bandung Keywords:web design, quality of information, user satisfaction

LEARNING ANALYTICS FOR WHOM? A REFLEXION ON THE RETRIEVAL OF LEARNING INFORMATION BY THE STUDENT

The present work aims at addressing how the use of Learning Analytics (LA) has enabled the retrieval of learning information by the student oneself, by analyzing data availability, self-management and student autonomy in learning processes inside and outside virtual environments. The bibliographic research conducted had a qualitative nature and consisted of a narrative literature review anchored in the theoretical foundations of information (information retrieval and representation) and Learning Analytics. Two relevant user case studies that dealt with LA were selected from the researched articles - the first analyzed the user approach in an adapted learning context with LA whereas the second analyzed the user approach in a personalized learning context with LA. One concluded that the student, as an information user, still has little access to an effective retrieval of what was consolidated throughout one’s own learning process. Besides, in relation to the effectiveness of LA, in the context of adapted and personalized learning, there was a perceived increase in student performance with regard to the use of activities and tasks.

THE EFFECT OF INTEGRATED REPORTING IN ENHANCING THE QUALITY OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION (A SURVEY OF THE OPINIONS OF A SAMPLE OF IRAQI ACADEMICS AND PROFESSIONALS)

In view of recent economic developments and the fact that accounting information is important in guiding and rationalizing decisions for decision makers,there is a gap in information provided by economic entities,which means that the financial statements of these entities alone are inadequate for the intended purpose of the user of information.To keep abreast of these economic developments ,methods that help the accounting information user make the right decision,such as so-called integrated reporting,have emerged.Integrated reporting is seen as a means of integrating financial,social and governance information into a single report,which aims to inform shareholders about the strategies of the organization and risks and provide an understandable report of financial and sustainable performance while providing a comprehensive vision around the organization.This research therefore came to address a pattern of challenges and to provide some persuasion in the corporate management system as to the benefits or positive answers that can be provided by full reporting at the company level,through its benefits that enhance the transparency,quality and completeness of the information according to the structure of the integrated reports.

Key principles of developing research library’s website

Key services provided through the websites of scientific and technical libraries are discussed. Various structures of libraries’ websites or Internet-portals are described, and their feasibility is substantiated. Conclusions are made on the need for continuous website promotion in search engines in order to attract new users. Promotion of research studies to the library’s patron organizations can be accomplished through information awareness services like electronic exhibitions, news services, etc. A version of researcher’s personal account and account-based services are described. The personal accounts give researchers access to the full range of services of sci-tech libraries and provide the feedback option. Methodological and consulting services are characterized. The new version of the website of the Library of Pushchino Research Center that features online access to all available library resources. The author concludes on the need for further improvement of relevant information user services.