A Crying Economy in a Bleeding State

Nigeria's multi-ethnic, multi-cultural, and multi-ideological nature is a complexity that should spur a synergy for development in all spheres. The theory of dissipative structures employed suggests that. Contrarily, the pursuit of individual group interests to the detriment of others leads to entropy that dissipates development and economic growth that its population needs. Ethnic and religious militia emerged in response to such problems and threats that has brought in consistent loss of lives and properties which whip the economy and country leaving the state bleeding. Militia internationalisation are important factors discussed as well. This chapter looks at the factors behind the emergence of these militias and the consequences their activities have on local economies of their regions and the national economy.

Oxytocin has ‘Tend-and-Defend’ Functionality in Group Conflict Across Social Vertebrates

Across vertebrate species, intergroup conflict confronts individuals with a tension between group interests best served by participation in conflict and personal interest best served by not participating. Here, we identify the neurohormone oxytocin as pivotal to the neurobiological regulation of this tension in distinctly different group-living vertebrates, including fish, birds, rodents, non-human primates, and humans. In the context of intergroup conflict, a review of emerging work on pro-sociality suggests that oxytocin and its fish and birds homologs, isotocin and mesotocin, respectively, can elicit participation in group conflict and aggression. This is because it amplifies (i) concern for the interests of genetically related or culturally similar ‘in- group’ others, and (ii) willingness to defend against outside intruders and enemy conspecifics. Across a range of social vertebrates, oxytocin can induce aggressive behaviour to ‘tend-and- defend’ the in-group during intergroup contests.

Refleksi Pandemi Covid-19: Dampak Dan Peluang Membangun Peradaban Berbasis Solidaritas Global

Even though the theme discussed in this paper is the Covid-19 pandemic, the real background is the world that behind the Covid-19 pandemic, namely, civilization which today has filled with fear, conspiracy, group interests, indifference and injustice. They are actually caused by the humans themselves. Based on this context, the author tries to show that the Covid-19 pandemic is not only a disaster but also an opportunity to lead for a new civilization of global solidarity in the world. Using the literature method (library research), this research was conducted by, first, reading the phenomenon about Covid-19 from the literature. Second, comparing it with central areas in life, and third, draws normative ethical implication which is global solidarity and theological implications in faith inspires a global solidarity movement, especially for Christians, rests on the cross and the resurrection. Keywords: Covid-19; Civilization; Normative-Ethical Implication; Theological Implication; Global Solidarity.

Aspects of voice in the use of positioning in polyphonic storytelling: Ventriloquial moves within a biographical interview

This article investigates the rhetorical use of voices and ventrilocution in occasioned storytelling. We explore the use of external voicing in the narration, arguing that to understand voice as an argumentative resource, it is important to include both material and metaphoric aspects of voice. Our article explicates the differences and relations between these two aspects in a polyphonic life story interview. The material voice involves the acoustic sphere of communication: prosody, intonation and tone, whereas the metaphoric voice is commonly understood as a marker of subjectivity or group interests. We juxtapose the latter ‘representative’ interpretation of voice by applying Richard Walsh’s recent theory of metaphorical levels of the voice. Our material consists of a biographical interview with a 92-year-old woman accompanied in the situation by her daughter. The daughter interferes in the interview by telling competing stories about the family past. To unravel the rhetorical moves in the interview, we apply the concept of ventriloquism and the theory of narrative positioning. Our analysis demonstrates how the purposeful use of the material voice transports and signifies metaphoric voices as characters, actors and identities are negotiated in turn-by-turn unfolding narration.

Class Actions and other Multi-Party Litigation in Portugal

Article is dedicated to the history and modern state of class action litigation in Portugal, which is characterized by specific combination on private and public method of defense of group interests. Successful results of this combination are analyzed within the ambit of chosen jurisdiction. It is concluded from the features of class litigation that Portugal has specific legal nature by adoption from Roman and American sources. The content of the article is interesting for readers as an example of practical combination of both models. Multi-party actions are also researched.

True to what We stand for: Championing collective interests as a path to authentic leadership

Growing evidence points to the role of authentic leadership in enhancing followership. Yet little is known about the factors that determine whether followers perceive leaders as displaying authentic leadership. In the present research, we examine the impact of leaders' championing of collective (group) interests on authentic leadership. Study 1 shows experimentally that compared to a leader who advances personal interests, a leader who advances the interests of a collective is (a) perceived as offering more authentic leadership and (b) more likely to inspire followership. Findings are followed up in a field study revealing that leaders' championing of collective interests is associated with greater perceived authentic leadership and followership (in terms of voting intentions). Furthermore, results indicate that shared self-categorization is a boundary condition of these relationships such that the relationship between a leader's championing of collective (group) interests and authentic leadership (and followership) is more pronounced for perceivers who self-categorize as members of the group that a leader is leading (rather than of a different group). In sum, findings suggest that leaders are regarded as more authentic to the extent that they are true to the collective identity of the group that they lead.

Introduction

This chapter introduces the key issues addressed in the book. Why does religion sometimes strengthen support for democracy and sometimes do just the opposite? This book argues that theological explanations alone cannot account for the wide variety of influences that religion can have on political preferences. It argues, instead, that we must consider the role of group interests. The book presents a new theory that uses an interest-based approach to explain these complex relationships. Evidence from Lebanon, Iraq, and elsewhere supports these claims.

Tinjauan Budaya Pidato Presiden Joko Widodo Pasca Vaksinasi Pertama di Indonesia

This short speech when President Jokowi received the first vaccination gave birth to a large discourse regarding the involvement of all parties in one problem, regardless of racial and group interests. The interactions that occur touch the global realm because they are reported through media networks to the realm of small groups through social media applications. Interaction through the media reaches the old, young and millennial groups to prove that vaccination is only one way to ensure that everyone gets alternative health solutions during a pandemic in addition to the habits implemented in health protocols, namely washing hands, wearing masks and keeping your distance. Indonesia as the country with the largest Muslim population must ensure that the vaccines in circulation are halal- certified. Mental readiness is important to understand and implement through continuous and continuous mitigation or prevention. The community must understand and learn from disaster management in other countries.