synthetic assessment
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Energies ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 408
Author(s):  
Aneta Grodzicka ◽  
Franciszek Plewa ◽  
Marcin Krause ◽  
Andrzej Figiel ◽  
Magdalena Rozmus

The way in which rescue actions are carried out in a hard coal mine is conditioned by a number of factors, including the type, scale, and location of the hazard; location of employees at the danger and level of their endangerment; and the ventilation system used in the impacted area. In this article, the importance and necessity to take into account a human factor, specifically the propensity for risky behavior, alongside the selection of rescuers for rescue action is pointed out. As an introduction to the key research studies presented in this article, main ventilation systems used in hard coal mines are described and three real cases of natural hazard occurrences in hard coal mines are discussed. An analysis of these events has shown that the degree of difficulty of a rescue action depends, among other aspects, on the ventilation system applied. Next, a study covering a synthetic assessment of 25 mining rescuers taking into account the ‘risky behavior’ parameter is presented. The results were interpreted considering the—described earlier—cases of hazard occurrence in coal mines and ventilation systems applied there. For the research sample, a selection of rescuers to carry out actions in particular types of ventilation systems, taking as a criterion the mark they obtained in the synthetic assessment, is proposed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-51
Author(s):  
Katja Vintar MALLY ◽  

Applying sustainable development into practice is an important national and regional policy goal in Slovenia; in addition, the country’s membership in the European Union further commits it to the goals of sustainable development. The research presented in this article is based on the use of a set of 32 economic, social and environmental indicators of sustainable development and the calculation of a synthetic indicator of sustainable regional development for all twelve Slovenian NUTS-3 regions in the period 2015–2019. In the final step, a synthetic assessment of the possibilities for implementing sustainable development in individual Slovenian regions is given, in which regions are classified into four different types. A comparison with the previous five-year period showed that Slovenia achieved progress in most of the socio-economic aspects of sustainable development analyzed, while the situation deteriorated with respect to environmental aspects. The largest differences among Slovenian regions were calculated in the economic area, and the smallest in the environmental area, which is also in line with the findings of previous research. There continues to be a development divide between the more prosperous western part of the country and the eastern part, which lags behind and for the most part also has poorer prospects for sustainable development. This trend is unfavorable for the balanced as well as sustainable development of Slovenian regions.


Author(s):  
Agnieszka Kozera ◽  
Joanna Stanisławska

The main objective of this article is to assess the level and identify occurring differences in the level of housing conditions of the population of rural municipalities in a selected metropolitan area in Poland in 2004 and 2019. The Poznań Metropolitan Area (POM) was analysed. Studies were carried out based on data from the Local Data Bank of Statistics Poland (Polish Central Statistical Office). In the first stage of the study, selected indicators that illustrate the housing conditions of municipalities situated in the POM in comparison with other rural municipalities in the Wielkopolskie voivodeship were evaluated. In the second part of the study, a synthetic assessment of the level of housing conditions and their changes over time in rural municipalities located in the POM was carried out using the TOPSIS method. As a result of ongoing demographic changes in rural areas around Poznań, associated with the phenomenon of suburbanisation and the change in the functionality of these areas, which perform residential and service functions increasingly often, the level of housing conditions of the population is clearly improving. Better housing conditions distinguish rural municipalities situated in the POM in relation to other rural municipalities outside this area, yet the latter are distinguished by higher dynamics of changes in housing conditions in numerous study aspects.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6637
Author(s):  
Karol Król

Cultural heritage is a complex and multi-faceted concept, thus eluding a definition. Consequently, it is a daunting task to assess the cultural heritage potential of a country, region, or community unambiguously. The paper defines “cultural heritage potential” and presents an example of a synthetic assessment of the potential with Poland as an example. The assessment involved several normalised diagnostic variables grouped into four thematic fields. This way, cultural heritage potential could be represented by a “synthetic quality index”. The analysis yielded a ranked list of voivodeships (third-tier subdivision units) and their classification (typology) regarding cultural heritage potential. An in-depth analysis demonstrated that the cultural heritage potential rank of a voivodeship could be determined by values of selected diagnostic valuables, such as the number of heritage objects, number of food products of documented quality and particular cultural significance, and extensive cultural infrastructure. The typology can be a background for decision-making with the consequences of voivodeship classification depending on the context of a specific analysis. The proposed method for assessing cultural heritage potential is not related to the territorial extent of the area. Any quantifiable attribute of cultural heritage can be used in the assessment regardless of the unit of measure. Such an assessment can be useful for the identification of trouble areas, areas of concern, and model areas.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexe Haywood ◽  
Joseph Redshaw ◽  
Magnus Hanson-Heine ◽  
Adam Taylor ◽  
Alex Brown ◽  
...  

The use of machine learning methods for the prediction of reaction yield is an emerging area. We demonstrate the applicability of support vector regression (SVR) for predicting reaction yields, using combinatorial data. Molecular descriptors used in regression tasks related to chemical reac?tivity have often been based on time-consuming, computationally demanding quantum chemical calculations, usually density functional theory. Structure-based descriptors (molecular fingerprints and molecular graphs) are quicker and easier to calculate, and are applicable to any molecule. In this study, SVR models built on structure-based descriptors were compared to models built on quantum chemical descriptors. The models were evaluated along the dimension of each reaction component in a set of Buchwald-Hartwig amination reactions. The structure-based SVR models out-performed the quantum chemical SVR models, along the dimension of each reaction compo?nent. The applicability of the models was assessed with respect to similarity to training. Prospec?tive predictions of unseen Buchwald-Hartwig reactions are presented for synthetic assessment, to validate the generalisability of the models, with particular interest along the aryl halide dimension.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexe Haywood ◽  
Joseph Redshaw ◽  
Magnus Hanson-Heine ◽  
Adam Taylor ◽  
Alex Brown ◽  
...  

The use of machine learning methods for the prediction of reaction yield is an emerging area. We demonstrate the applicability of support vector regression (SVR) for predicting reaction yields, using combinatorial data. Molecular descriptors used in regression tasks related to chemical reac?tivity have often been based on time-consuming, computationally demanding quantum chemical calculations, usually density functional theory. Structure-based descriptors (molecular fingerprints and molecular graphs) are quicker and easier to calculate, and are applicable to any molecule. In this study, SVR models built on structure-based descriptors were compared to models built on quantum chemical descriptors. The models were evaluated along the dimension of each reaction component in a set of Buchwald-Hartwig amination reactions. The structure-based SVR models out-performed the quantum chemical SVR models, along the dimension of each reaction compo?nent. The applicability of the models was assessed with respect to similarity to training. Prospec?tive predictions of unseen Buchwald-Hartwig reactions are presented for synthetic assessment, to validate the generalisability of the models, with particular interest along the aryl halide dimension.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Josef Rada ◽  
Marian Rybansky ◽  
Filip Dohnal

Current soil and surface data are not detailed enough to obtain accurate analyses of cross-country movement. The reason for the research presented in this article was the absence of a methodology for the synthetic assessment of the influence of the terrain surface on the movement of military vehicles. The study is based on analyses of data and information sources of soils and surface conditions primarily with the aim to determine their reliability, availability and precision when used for analyses of terrain traversability by off-road vehicles. The key method to achieve the set objective is the employment of tractive charts of military vehicles and utilized coefficients, the coefficient of rolling resistance and the coefficient of adhesion. Input data and information is tested with a comparative method of cross-country movement analyses. Conversion of soil and surface types to tractive chart coefficients is currently not optimal. For the most part, evaluation of soil type is very inaccurate with a wide range of possible values. Results of the analysis propose developing a methodology of evaluating surface and soils for vehicle traversability.


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