Anxiety and depression: population distribution and family associations

Aim. The aim of the study was to characterize the population distribution of psychiatric phenotypes according to anxiety and depression. Methods. The level of anxiety and depression was assessed with the HADS Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale test. Students in grades 9-11 of secondary schools in Kharkiv, as well as their parents, were tested. We tested 306 persons from 115 families. Results. The frequency of depression among men in the Kharkiv population is 9%, among women 11%, among boys 15%, among girls 22%; the frequency of increased anxiety among men is 14%, among women 22%, among boys 19%, among girls 44%. There is a positive relationship between anxiety and depression in older men and women, expressed by the association coefficient in men rDT =0.45, in women rDT =0.79. The relatives revealed a similarity in psychological types, described by the association index for depression in mother/daughter pairs r = 0.40, mother/son r = 0.03, father/daughter r = 0.20, father/son r = 0.40; for anxiety: mother/daughter r = 0.15, mother/son r = 0.05, father/daughter r = 0.24, father/son r = 0.01. Conclusions. Individuals of the younger generation are more likely to have signs of anxiety and depression than those of their parents' generation. The parent-offspring phenotype relationship is stronger in same-sex couples compared to opposite-sex couples. Keywords: depression, anxiety, population distribution, family analysis.

Parent-adolescent interaction quality and adolescent affect - an experience sampling study on effect heterogeneity

Person-environment interactions might ultimately drive longer-term development. This experience sampling study assessed short-term linkages between parent-adolescent interaction quality and affect during 2,281 interactions of 124 adolescents (Mage=15.80, SDage=1.69, 59% girls, 92% Dutch, Education: 25% low, 31% middle, 35% high, 9% other). Adolescents reported on parent-adolescent interaction quality (i.e., warmth and conflict) and momentary positive and negative affect five to six times a day, for 14 days. Preregistered dynamic structure equation models (DSEM) revealed within-family associations between parent-adolescent interaction quality and adolescent affect (concurrently: ß = -.22 to .39; lagged effects: ß = -.17 to .15). These lagged effects varied significantly between families. These findings stress the need for more person-specific research on parenting processes.

Problems Encountered by School Managers in Supplying School Allowances and Expense Areas

The main purpose of this study is to collect information and develop suggestions about the problems faced by school administrators in supplying resources to the school and the spending areas of their allowances. The study group of the study consisted of a total of 20 school administrators, 5 of which are kindergartens, 5 primary schools, 5 secondary schools and 5 high schools, working in the public schools in the central Haliliye, Eyyübiye and Karaköprü districts of Şanlıurfa province, selected by the stratified sampling method. The study was conducted with the qualitative research method, and the data were collected by preparing a "Semi-Structured Interview Form." The data of the research were analysed by content analysis method. In the research conducted; it has been concluded that the amount of allowance allocated to the school by school administrators does not meet the school expenses, that the lack of sufficient financial support reduces the quality of education, the supply of resources to the school is expected from the school administrators in addition to their primary duties, the income obtained from the School Family Associations differs according to the regions, and this is incompatible with the equality of opportunity. Suggestions have been made such as increasing the share allocated to education from the general budget, granting allowances to schools according to the number of students, and removing the aids collected from parents.

Problems Encountered by School Managers in Supplying School Allowances and Expense Areas

The main purpose of this study is to collect information and develop suggestions about the problems faced by school administrators in supplying resources to the school and the spending areas of their allowances. The study group of the study consisted of a total of 20 school administrators, 5 of which are kindergartens, 5 primary schools, 5 secondary schools and 5 high schools, working in the public schools in the central Haliliye, Eyyübiye and Karaköprü districts of Şanlıurfa province, selected by the stratified sampling method. The study was conducted with the qualitative research method, and the data were collected by preparing a "Semi-Structured Interview Form." The data of the research were analysed by content analysis method. In the research conducted; it has been concluded that the amount of allowance allocated to the school by school administrators does not meet the school expenses, that the lack of sufficient financial support reduces the quality of education, the supply of resources to the school is expected from the school administrators in addition to their primary duties, the income obtained from the School Family Associations differs according to the regions, and this is incompatible with the equality of opportunity. Suggestions have been made such as increasing the share allocated to education from the general budget, granting allowances to schools according to the number of students, and removing the aids collected from parents.

DPP9: Comprehensive In Silico Analyses of Loss of Function Gene Variants and Associated Gene Expression Signatures in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP) 9, DPP8, DPP4 and fibroblast activation protein (FAP) are the four enzymatically active members of the S9b protease family. Associations of DPP9 with human liver cancer, exonic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DPP9 and loss of function (LoF) variants have not been explored. Human genomic databases, including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), were interrogated to identify DPP9 LoF variants and associated cancers. Survival and gene signature analyses were performed on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) data. We found that DPP9 and DPP8 are intolerant to LoF variants. DPP9 exonic LoF variants were most often associated with uterine carcinoma and lung carcinoma. All four DPP4-like genes were overexpressed in liver tumors and their joint high expression was associated with poor survival in HCC. Increased DPP9 expression was associated with obesity in HCC patients. High expression of genes that positively correlated with overexpression of DPP4, DPP8, and DPP9 were associated with very poor survival in HCC. Enriched pathways analysis of these positively correlated genes featured Toll-like receptor and SUMOylation pathways. This comprehensive data mining suggests that DPP9 is important for survival and that the DPP4 protease family, particularly DPP9, is important in the pathogenesis of human HCC.

THE STUDY OF THYROID FUNCTION IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IN NORTH BIHAR

RA patients coming from North Bihar reason i.e. Darbhanga, Madhubani, Samastipur etc. at DMCH, OPD. The study was of prospective nature, and analytical cross sectional study.The relationship between thyroid function and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debatable subject and many studies have successfully demonstrated the autoimmune nature of thyroid dysfunction in RA. In a systematic review analyzing the results of 54 studies that investigated the coexistence of ADs within individuals and 9 studies that examined within-family associations, these data supported an increased prevalence of ATDs among patients with RA. In a separate study investigating the frequency of rheumatic diseases in patients suffering from ATDs, various rheumatic diseases were detected in 62% of patients with ATDs, one of which wasRA. The combination of RA and autoimmune thyroiditis was already recognized half a century ago. More recently, the coexistence of RA and hypothyroidism was reassessed, but data on this relationship remains sparse. As hypothyroidism and RA are both relatively common autoimmune diseases associated with increased CVD morbidity and mortality.Further research into the interaction between these two diseases is worthwhile, both from a cardiovascular and from an immunological point of view.

Testing Transactional Processes between Parental Support and Adolescent Depressive Symptoms: From a Daily to a Biennial Timescale

This multi-sample study tested bidirectional within-family associations between parental sup-port and adolescents’ depressive symptoms on varying measurement intervals: Daily (N = 244, Mage = 13.8, 38% male), two-weekly (N=256, Mage=14.5, 29% male), three-monthly (N=245, Mage=13.9, 38% males), annual (N=1,664, Mage=11.1, 51% male), and biennial (N=502, Mage=13.8, 48% male). Pre-registered random-intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPM) showed negative between- and within-family correlations. Although no within-family lagged effects were found from parental support to depressive symptoms at any time interval, de-pressive symptoms predicted decreased parental support two weeks and three months later. Effects were moderated by adolescents’ sex and neuroticism. Findings mainly supported ado-lescent-driven effects, and illustrate that within-family lagged effects may not generalize across timescales.