address system
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2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-39
Author(s):  
Tzanis Anevlavis ◽  
Matthew Philippe ◽  
Daniel Neider ◽  
Paulo Tabuada

While most approaches in formal methods address system correctness, ensuring robustness has remained a challenge. In this article, we present and study the logic rLTL, which provides a means to formally reason about both correctness and robustness in system design. Furthermore, we identify a large fragment of rLTL for which the verification problem can be efficiently solved, i.e., verification can be done by using an automaton, recognizing the behaviors described by the rLTL formula φ, of size at most O(3 |φ |), where |φ | is the length of φ. This result improves upon the previously known bound of O(5|φ |) for rLTL verification and is closer to the LTL bound of O(2|φ |). The usefulness of this fragment is demonstrated by a number of case studies showing its practical significance in terms of expressiveness, the ability to describe robustness, and the fine-grained information that rLTL brings to the process of system verification. Moreover, these advantages come at a low computational overhead with respect to LTL verification.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizqy Aji Nugroho

Pesatnya perkembangan teknologi mengakibatkan persaingan di bidang bisnis tidak dapat dihindari, sehingga perusahaan perlu mengetahui langkah-langkah yang tepat agar tetap bertahan dan mampu bersaing dengan perusahaan lain yang sejenis. Salah satu langkah yang dapat dilakukan perusahaan adalah dengan menerapkan teknologi pada proses bisnisnya. Teknologi sudah menjadi kebutuhan masyarakat. Penerapan teknologi diharapkan dapat mempermudah, mempercepat proses transaksi, menghemat biaya, waktu, tenaga dan dapat menjangkau pasar yang lebih luas. Turban et all (2012), membagi keuntungan penerapan elektronik atau teknologi dalam proses bisnis menjadi dua, bagi perusahaan dan pelanggan. Manfaat bagi perusahaan adalah memperluas jangkauan pasar menjadi pasar nasional dan internasional, mengurangi biaya pemrosesan, distribusi dan penarikan informasi yang akurat dan real-time. Sedangkan keuntungan bagi pelanggan seperti akses 24 jam ke sejumlah besar barang dan jasa. Liputan6.com (2018), mencatat perkembangan e-commerce sebesar 26,2 juta dan Alibaba merupakan perusahaan e-commerce terbesar untuk saat ini. Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) mencatat telah terjadi peningkatan jumlah perusahaan yang menerapkan eCommerce di Indonesia dalam 10 tahun terakhir tumbuh menjadi sekitar 17. Dengan demikian, Indonesia Pasar e-Commerce berpeluang untuk tumbuh lebih besar lagi dengan jumlah penduduk terbesar dan tingkat produk domestik bruto (PDB) terbesar di ASEAN. Perusahaan ini bergerak di bidang penjualan produk alat keamanan seperti CCTV, fire alarm, public address system, conference system, intrusion alarm dan access control system sejak tahun 2000. Sutojo (2011), adapun manfaat dari citra perusahaan yang baik dan kuat yang memiliki daya saing jangka menengah dan panjang; menjadi tameng selama masa krisis, menarik eksekutif yang andal, di mana eksekutif yang andal adalah aset perusahaan; meningkatkan efektivitas strategi pemasaran, menghemat biaya operasional. Oleh karena itu, akan lebih baik bagi perusahaan untuk mengetahui apa persepsi pelanggan tentang teknologi tersebut terutama dalam hal peningkatan kualitas layanan berbasis elektronik dan citra perusahaan.


2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Avilés

Abstract This article explores how women from the lower ranks of Chilean society mobilized a dynamic address system through affective letter-writing to negotiate their familial position and identity at the end of Chile’s Nitrate Era. Inspired by the third wave in historical sociolinguistics and in dialogue with the glottopolitical perspective, the study foregrounds the interactive nature of ego-documents by analyzing indexical connections between address choice, emotions and unequal gendered relationships between partners. The pragmatic analysis of a set of letters written by women between 1913 and 1928 shows insightful connections between address choice, speech acts, emotions and politeness strategies. By linking textual evidence to the material conditions in which letter-writing is embedded, the article illustrates how women writers negotiated their position and personae within the family structure by inscribing letter-writing in a system of patriarchal reciprocity. This suggests that address choices and the expression of emotions are an index of gendered reciprocal practices that allowed women to preserve their familial structure in the context of industrialization and labor migration.


2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Cut Kemala Sari ◽  
Zainuddin . . ◽  
Anni Holila Pulungan

ABSTRACTThis study deals with Address System in one ethnic namely Gayonese Lut and Deret in Bener Meriah. The objective of this study is to describe the functions of address system Gayonese Lut and Deret in Bener Meriah. This study applied qualitative descriptive method. The techniques for collecting data were through giving the questionnaire sheets to the twelve subjects and record the conversation of interview with subjects and also the informants by taking the video directly. The result of this study found that Gayonese Lut has five functions address system namely Attract people attention (5.71), Show intimacy (28.58), Show politeness (7.14), Show power differential (20.00), and Reflect identity (38.57).  Gayonese Deret also has five functions of address system namely Attract people attention (10.00), Show intimacy (20.00), Show politeness (32.00), Show power differential (14.00), and Reflect identity (24.00). In Gayonese Lut, Reflect identity is the most function of address system while in Gayonese Deret is Show politeness. Keywords: Address System, Gayonese, Lut, Deret.


2021 ◽  
pp. 016344372110370
Author(s):  
Mehak Sawhney

Through an ethnographic study of the Delhi metro and Kumbh fair, this article explores the public address system as an infrastructure of life in urban India. Amplified sound is the singular means to address crowds during emergencies which makes it significant for understanding mass mediation and public safety. Since millions of people travel in the Delhi metro every day, and the Kumbh fair is the largest human gathering in the world, human density and scale as a predominant Southern reality is the premise of this research. It offers an intersubjective understanding of crowds through empathy and care, and reveals the life-saving potentiality of infrastructures when the masses are at risk.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-347
Author(s):  
Víctor Fernández-Mallat ◽  
Matt Dearstyne

Abstract Costa Rica’s second-person singular (2PS) address system is known for both its changing nature and its incorporation of tuteo, ustedeo, and voseo forms. While the latter are generalized across communicative contexts, tuteo use has oscillated over time, being consistently associated with foreignness, effeminacy and homosexuality, with one study (Marín Esquivel, Rebeca. 2012. El pronombre ‘tú’ en los grupos homosexual y heterosexual heredianos. Revista Comunicación 21(2). 31–40) suggesting that homosexual men report using tuteo at levels significantly higher than heterosexuals. In this study, we revisit this finding using new data from a survey that elicited stated preferences for address forms and attitudes towards tuteo across different communicative contexts. Multinomial logistic regressions compared the address choices of homosexual men with those of heterosexual men and women, and attitudes were gauged by means of a thematic analysis. Results indicate that currently, with few exceptions, what best characterizes the distribution of address forms are similarities, regardless of sexuality or gender, with all participants reporting low rates of tuteo use across communicative settings. While these results suggest continued change in tuteo use, linguistic attitudes reveal a persistent perceived ideological connection between tuteo, foreignness, effeminacy and homosexuality.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claris Winston ◽  
Lee Organick ◽  
Luis Ceze ◽  
Karin Strauss ◽  
Yuan-Jyue Chen

ABSTRACTWith the rapidly decreasing cost of array-based oligo synthesis, large-scale oligo pools offer significant benefits for advanced applications, including gene synthesis, CRISPR-based gene editing, and DNA data storage. Selectively retrieving specific oligos from these complex pools traditionally uses Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), in which any selected oligos are exponentially amplified to quickly outnumber non-selected ones. In this case, the number of orthogonal PCR primers is limited due to interactions between them. This lack of specificity presents a serious challenge, particularly for DNA data storage, where the size of an oligo pool (i.e., a DNA database) is orders of magnitude larger than it is for other applications. Although a nested file address system was recently developed to increase the number of accessible files for DNA storage, it requires a more complicated lab protocol and more expensive reagents to achieve high specificity. Instead, we developed a new combinatorial PCR method that outperforms prior work without compromising the fidelity of retrieved material or complicating wet lab processes. Our method quadratically increases the number of accessible oligos while maintaining high specificity. In experiments, we accessed three arbitrarily chosen files from a DNA prototype database that contained 81 different files. Initially comprising only 1% of the original database, the selected files were enriched to over 99.9% using our combinatorial primer method. Our method thus provides a viable path for scaling up DNA data storage systems and has broader utility whenever scientists need access to a specific target oligo and can design their own primer regions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Dewa Ayu Kadek Claria ◽  
I Gusti Ngurah Adi Rajistha

Taman Baca Kesiman Bali merupakan perpustakaan umum yang dibuat dengan menerapkan konsep wisata edukasi. Kegiatan yang dilaksanakan di TBK tidak hanya bersifat nasional namun juga internasional sehingga kemampuan para staf di TBK dalam bidang Bahasa Inggris dan pelayanan perlu mendapatkan perhatian. Melalui hasil survey yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya ditemukan bahwa kemampuan para staff di TBK masih perlu untuk ditingkatkan. Setelah pelatihan dilaksanakan dengan mengedepankan beberapa poin penting pada bidang pelayanan, para staf akhirnya dapat mewujudkan konsep pelayanan prima dengan menggunakan bahasa Inggris. Konsep yang telah dikuasai dan diaplikasikan dalam pelayananan oleh staf TBK adalah konsep pelayanan prima dalam bentuk tata cara (manner) baik dari segi penampilan (grooming) dan juga bentuk pelayanan (hospitality) yang telah tertuang dalam bentuk pelatihan penggunaan fungsi bahasa yaitu greetings, address system, asking questions dan solving problems for guest complaint.


Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4637
Author(s):  
Huixin Zong ◽  
Peter Brimblecombe ◽  
Li Sun ◽  
Peng Wei ◽  
Kin-Fai Ho ◽  
...  

Sensor technology has enabled the development of portable low-cost monitoring kits that might supplement many applications in conventional monitoring stations. Despite the sensitivity of electrochemical gas sensors to environmental change, they are increasingly important in monitoring polluted microenvironments. The performance of a compact diffusion-based Personal Exposure Kit (PEK) was assessed for real-time gaseous pollutant measurement (CO, O3, and NO2) under typical environmental conditions encountered in the subtropical city of Hong Kong. A dynamic baseline tracking method and a range of calibration protocols to address system performance were explored under practical scenarios to assess the performance of the PEK in reducing the impact of rapid changes in the ambient environment in personal exposure assessment applications. The results show that the accuracy and stability of the ppb level gas measurement is enhanced even in heterogeneous environments, thus avoiding the need for data post-processing with mathematical algorithms, such as multi-linear regression. This establishes the potential for use in personal exposure monitoring, which has been difficult in the past, and for reporting more accurate and reliable data in real-time to support personal exposure assessment and portable air quality monitoring applications.


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