ethiopian jews
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2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bar Kribus

The Betä Isra'el (Ethiopian Jews) have a unique history and religious tradition, one of the most fascinating aspects of which are the mäloksocc, commonly referred to as monks in scholarly and popular literature. The mäloksocc served as the supreme religious leaders of the Betä Isra'el and were charged with educating and initiating Betä Isra'el priests. They lived in separate compounds and observed severe purity laws prohibiting physical contact with the laity. Thus, they are the only known example in medieval and modern Jewry of ascetic communities withdrawing from the secular world and devoting themselves fully to religious life. This book presents the results of the first comprehensive research ever conducted on the way of life and material culture of the ascetic religious communities of the Betä Isra'el. A major part of this research is an archaeological survey, during which these religious centres were located and documented in detail for the first time.


Aethiopica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia Dege-Müller

During the course of a study of the manuscript tradition of the Betä Ǝsraʾel (Ethiopian Jews), the manuscript Jerusalem, National Library, Ms. Or. 87 came to light. This codex is a unique manuscript with several important elements that contribute to our knowledge of the history of the Betä Ǝsraʾel. Its by far most important feature are two short additional notes that I have come to call the Hoḫwärwa genealogy. This genealogy is the second piece of original pre-twentieth century Betä Ǝsraʾel historiography ever discovered, next to the text published by Leslau in 1946-47 as ‘A Falasha Religious Dispute.’ Taking the manuscript as a starting point, this article aims to cover topics such as the Betä Ǝsraʾel scribal tradition and aspects of their literature, their monasticism, the history of Hoḫwärwa monastery, and the history of the manuscript itself.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kedar ◽  
L. Walsh ◽  
G. Reznick Levi ◽  
S. Lieberman ◽  
A. Abu Shtaya ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia Dege-Müller ◽  
Jonas Karlsson

In 1986, a Franco-Israeli team of scholars set out to document the liturgy of the Beta ʾƎsrāʾel, a group of Ethiopian Jews which at the time was in the process of making aliyah under dramatic circumstances. The scholars gathered a group of priests in Israel and produced an impressive corpus of recordings, covering important parts of the liturgical tradition. Over the past decades, the team has been publishing their results in a number of articles and monographs, and in 2019 presented a selection of recordings in the form of a CD box. The box contains three CDs plus a bilingual booklet with information about the liturgical tradition of the Beta ʾƎsrāʾel: their music, prayers, and ritual practices. In this review article, the research results presented in the booklet are evaluated, with special attention paid to the effects that migration has had on the Beta ʾƎsrāʾel liturgical tradition. 


2021 ◽  
pp. 219-221
Author(s):  
Katya Gibel Azoulay
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
Marva Shalev Marom

Questions about Jewishness, Judaism, and the Jewish people have been topics ofmillennia-long debates. In this paper, I focus on the formation of social hierarchies inIsrael based on skin-color to argue that there is unresolved yet consequential tensionbetween definitions of Jewishness as a religious tradition, a national identity, and astate apparatus. I embrace the perspective of Ethiopian Jews, whose identities werereframed in Israel as Blacks, to illustrate how this tension placed dark-skinnedimmigrants beyond the scope of both Jewish religious tradition as well as nationalidentity, to become the marginalized inhabitants of the Jewish State. Thereby Idescribe and examine two state-imposed processes in which Israel’s Rabbinateplays a central role: 1) Israel’s demand that Ethiopian Jews convert to Judaism inorder to be accorded citizenship. 2) Israel’s demand that Ethiopian Jewish childrenattend a segregated Jewish Orthodox public-school system, to acquire and cultivatea particular national identity. State-sponsored schools have become the basis forboth religious and national identity education and re-education.Key words: Jewish nationalism; immigration; religious (re-)education; Skin Color;Zionism.


Hybrid Hate ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 64-75
Author(s):  
Tudor Parfitt

In 1777 it was revealed that there were not only white negroes and other weird and wonderful hybrids in Loango, there were also black Jews with some striking customs. This was revealed in a book by Christian George Andreas Oldendorp. The scientists of the Enlightenment were as fascinated by these black Jews as they had been by the white negroes and other hybrids. Some, such as Theophil Ehrmann, were dubious about Oldendorp’s revelation. But leading Enlightenment figures such as Anton Büsching, Conrad Malte-Brun, Johann David Michaelis, Eberhard August Wilhelm von Zimmermann, Kurt Sprengel, and others debated their importance from a racial and historical standpoint. Other black Jews were invoked by Paul Jakob Bruns. The Ethiopian Jews had been introduced to Enlightenment thinkers by James Bruce. Jews, who were anxious to be seen as white, were not much interested in black Jews. An exception was Ludwig Markus, who wrote about Loango Jews and others, including the Falashas of Ethiopia. Black Indian Jews were brought into the conversation and became an important object of Enlightenment speculation about race and color determinism. The idea of a color spectrum for Jews was born.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahi Abu Ghosh ◽  
Shoshana Alamia ◽  
Chanan Shaul ◽  
Yoseph Caraco

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