Digital access rights management in the information systems of e-libraries and digital archives

The author reviews the basic types of digital document content protection from unauthorized access and dissemination applied by publishers and book trading companies. The principles of digital rights management (DRM) while accessing digital documents. The author suggests that DRM systems are efficient to be applied to certain types and formats of digital documents in libraries and archives. He also reviews several commercial solutions for DRM-systems plied to the most popular PDF-format and substantiates the importance of DRM-systems standardization for digital document friendliness both for the users and rights holders disseminating digital publications. Existing and newly introduced international standards for DRM-systems are discussed. The typology of digital rights protection software as provided for by the standards is presented along with regulated DRM-system features based on data coding. Readium project by international non-profit Readium Foundation exemplifies standard approach to DRM-system design. The project goal is to develop software modules to integrate standard DRM-technology into computer information systems including ALIS.

From Royal Canal to Neglected Canal? Changing Use and Management of a Traditional Canal Irrigation System in Peri-Urban Kathmandu Valley

In this chapter we discuss the changing uses and management of a traditional canal irrigation system against the background of processes of urbanization in Kathmandu Valley in Nepal. Until urbanization of Kathmandu Valley took off in the 1980s, the management of stream-fed canal irrigation systems had been a priority of both state agencies and the population that depended on agriculture-based livelihoods. The name rajkulo (royal canal) given to these systems expresses the historical interests of (royal) state actors in canal maintenance and management. Fed by a stream called Mahadev Khola in Dadhikot, a peri-urban village in Kathmandu Valley, Mahadev Khola Rajkulo is such a traditional canal irrigation system. Using an in-depth case study of this system, we analyse the interlinkages of demographic, socio-environmental, economic and local political dynamics with the changing canal uses and management. More specifically, we discuss how and why various actors became associated with, or dissociated from, canal use and management in recent times, and what these processes mean for water access, rights and security. We reflect on the implications of these changes for canal management and canal-related conflicts, against the background of national urban policies that formally aim to conserve agricultural land in Kathmandu Valley, but stimulate urban expansion in practice.

Contractual and legal regulation of preservation of results of scientific research in confidentiality and use of such information in case of research and development: practices of EU and countries of the world

The article analyzes the category of agreements in the field of research and development – non-disclosure agreements (confidentiality agreements), provides examples of such agreements with different sources of funding; as well as there are being considered the wordings of confidentiality provisions in general agreements for research and development – the article compares the practice of application of these provisions in the EU and countries of the world. The requirements are considered for settling the issues of protection of intellectual property rights in the aspect of confidentiality and distribution of rights to use the information, obtained during the research in the project, use of such info during the further researches and granting access rights to such information to third parties. Aspects that should be included in similar types of agreements in Ukraine are proposed.

Community engagement in pastoralist areas: Lessons from the public dialogue process for a new refugee settlement in Turkana, Kenya

Large-scale development interventions have long failed to accommodate the needs and preferences of pastoralists or the systems of resource governance and land tenure upon which they rely. However, advocates of rights-based approaches to development emphasise the importance of community participation in planning and agenda-setting, and in Kenya, public participation is a formal constitutional requirement for government decision-making processes. In 2015, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees concluded negotiations with local stakeholders about the use of 15 km2 of communal rangelands to build a new refugee settlement in Turkana County, Kenya. Negotiations entailed a community dialogue process involving local people living in the vicinity of the proposed settlement. This paper retrospectively examines the inclusivity of the dialogue process, with particular attention to the involvement of pastoralists and the representation of their interests. Interviews and focus groups conducted with a range of key informants and community stakeholders highlighted two key problems. First, negotiations relied upon a simplistic approach to communal land tenure that overlooked the complexity of overlapping and often contested access rights. Second, there was an over-reliance on urban professionals and politicians as intermediaries between rural communities and development actors. Even where elite intermediaries act in good faith, they may introduce an ‘oppidan bias’ into development policies, thereby marginalising the viewpoints of non-urban, non-sedentary demographics, such as pastoralists. I conclude with recommendations for the UNHCR to develop a more explicit strategy for direct engagement with host community stakeholders in Turkana and with increased attention to the interests of livestock producers and the nuances of pastoralist land use.

Strengthening Local Governance of Secondary Forest in Peru

Natural forest regrowth is critical for restoring ecosystem services in degraded landscapes and providing forest resources. Those who control tenure and access rights to these secondary forest areas determine who benefits from economically charged off-farm opportunities such as finance for forest restoration, selling carbon credits, and receiving payment for ecosystem services. We explore multiple dimensions of secondary forest governance in Peru, where the lack of official government statistics of the extent, geography, and ownership, coupled with low state capacity, prevents the development of governance structures that could stimulate their sustainable management. In this paper, we review the challenges to secondary forest governance, and the opportunities to strengthen it, focusing on beneficial outcomes for smallholder farmers. We characterize secondary forest types, extent, and persistence in Peru, followed by a presentation of the social dimensions of their governance. We identify four entry points for government to take action: national mapping of the socio-geography of second growth forest, regularize the property rights of untitled landholders, relax forest regulations, and provide incentives, not sanctions, for secondary forest management. Overall, we recommend folding secondary forest governance into a landscape approach. In Peru, strengthening local forest governance could help to drive benefits of climate change mitigation incentives directly to local forest stewards.

Design and Implementation of Efficient Transmission of Cloud Data in Wireless Media

Nowadays, information security is a challenge especially when transmitted or shared in public clouds. Many of researchers have been proposed technique which fails to provide data integrity, security, authentication and another issue related to sensitivity data. The most common techniques were used to protect data during transmission on public cloud are cryptography, steganography, and compression. The proposed scheme suggests an entirely new approach for data security on public cloud. Authors have suggested an entirely new approach that completely makes secret data invisible behind carrier object and it is not been detected with the image performance parameters like PSNR, MSE, entropy and others. The details of results are explain in result section of paper. Proposed technique have better outcome than any other existing technique as a security mechanism on a public cloud. Primary focus of suggested approach is to minimize integrity loss of public storage data due to unrestricted access rights by uses. To improve reusability of carrier even after data concealed is really a challenging task and achieved through suggested approach.

INFORMATION SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTING FOR PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATORS IN FORMAL AND NON-FORMAL EDUCATION

Formulation of the problem. The article is devoted to the possibility of conducting centralized or regional accounting of professional development of educators, recognition of learning outcomes of various subjects of professional development. The review and analysis of the structure of the information system of accounting for professional development of educators in formal and non-formal education is made, its structural components are characterized. The purpose of its use is determined. An ER model of such a system has been designed. The system of data access and the level of its distribution are determined. Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, the following research methods were used: theoretical - analysis of legal documents relating to the system of teacher training; generalization of best practices in business documentation, accounting for issued certificates; analysis and systematization of functional responsibilities in educational institutions; diagnostic - research of structure of a database of the account of documents on passing of advanced training for the purpose of necessary structure; analysis of the activities of persons keeping records. Results. The proposed structure of the information system of accounting for professional development of educators in formal and non-formal education provides for the need to preserve information about the educator, the subject of professional development, acquired competencies and documents received. The structure of each entity is proposed, the indices and the relationship between the components are defined. The information system needs to define users and access rights. Access to the table with information on professional development of educators should be open. This is necessary so that stakeholders and other educators can see how a teacher is involved in professional development. Data entry is provided through authenticated authorized access of the employee responsible for advanced training (internship) and certification. This person has the necessary data about educators, enters this information into the database. Conclusions. The functioning of such a regional or all-Ukrainian information system for accounting for professional development of educators in formal and non-formal education will address a number of issues arising in the certification and certification of educators.

The ReIMAGINE Multimodal Warehouse: Using Artificial Intelligence for Accurate Risk Stratification of Prostate Cancer

Introduction. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequent cancer diagnosis in men worldwide. Our ability to identify those men whose cancer will decrease their lifespan and/or quality of life remains poor. The ReIMAGINE Consortium has been established to improve PCa diagnosis.Materials and methods. MRI will likely become the future cornerstone of the risk-stratification process for men at risk of early prostate cancer. We will, for the first time, be able to combine the underlying molecular changes in PCa with the state-of-the-art imaging. ReIMAGINE Screening invites men for MRI and PSA evaluation. ReIMAGINE Risk includes men at risk of prostate cancer based on MRI, and includes biomarker testing.Results. Baseline clinical information, genomics, blood, urine, fresh prostate tissue samples, digital pathology and radiomics data will be analysed. Data will be de-identified, stored with correlated mpMRI disease endotypes and linked with long term follow-up outcomes in an instance of the Philips Clinical Data Lake, consisting of cloud-based software. The ReIMAGINE platform includes application programming interfaces and a user interface that allows users to browse data, select cohorts, manage users and access rights, query data, and more. Connection to analytics tools such as Python allows statistical and stratification method pipelines to run profiling regression analyses. Discussion. The ReIMAGINE Multimodal Warehouse comprises a unique data source for PCa research, to improve risk stratification for PCa and inform clinical practice. The de-identified dataset characterized by clinical, imaging, genomics and digital pathology PCa patient phenotypes will be a valuable resource for the scientific and medical community.

Sistem Pengelolaan Laporan Pengaduan Pelanggaran Internal Organisasi Berbasis Web Mobile

Sistem pelaporan pengaduan yang saat ini masih secara konvensional seringkali mengalami permasalahan seperti kehilangan berkas aduan dan pelapor yang tidak mengetahui mengenai laporan yang telah diadukan. Hal ini terjadi disebabkan sistem yang belum real time. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut diperlukan pemanfaatan sistem dalam mekanisme pengelolaan laporan pengaduan dan meminimalkan resiko masalah yang terjadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sistem pengelolaan laporan pengaduan berbasis web mobile di pemerintah Provinsi Gorontalo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Prototype. Penelitian ini menghasilkan sistem untuk mengelola laporan pengaduan yang memberikan hak akses bagi admin, pelapor, pengelola, dan pimpinan. Sistem ini juga dapat mempermudah pembuatan laporan pengaduan sehingga dapat di akses dimanapun dan kapanpun. Selain itu, pelapor dapat dengan mudah mengajukan pengaduan, pengelola dapat dengan mudah mencari data mengenai laporan pengaduan dan pimpinan dapat dengan mudah memonitor laporan pengaduan yang masuk. The conventional complaint reporting system often experiences problems; one of them is losing the complaint file. It is worsened by the condition in which informants might not know about the report that has been filed. This condition happens due to the non-real-time system. Based on this problem, it is necessary to use the system in the complaint report management mechanism and minimize the risk of the occurred problems. This study aimed to develop a mobile web-based complaint report management system for the government of Gorontalo Province. This research uses the Prototype method. This research designed a system for managing complaint reports that provide access rights for admins, informants, managers, and leaders. Further, this system provided easier access to make complaint reports to be accessed anywhere and anytime. Moreover, it would be easier for informants to file complaints, managers to find the data regarding complaints reports, and leaders to monitor the incoming complaints reports.