Adulteration of Fruits

Adulteration is described as the addition of any substance to food OP in order to alter its natural composition and quality in order to boost its economic worth. Fruit is the fleshy or dry ripening ovary of a flowering plant that carries seed or seeds. As a result, apricots, bananas, grapes, maize grain pods, tomatoes, cucumbers, corns, and almonds (in their shells) are all classified as fruits. In common usage, however, the term refers to ripened ovaries that are tasty and either succulent or pulpy. Dietary fiber, vitamins, and antioxidants are abundant in fruits. Fresh fruits can be kept fresh for longer by refrigerating them or removing oxygen from their storage or packaging. Dehydrated fruits can be made into juices, jams, and jellies

A Review on Extraction Processes of Salts from Different Salt Lakes and their Environmental Impact in Industry

Because of its direct and indirect penetration into numerous chemical industries, salt, also known as sodium chloride or halite, is one of the most frequent forms of salts in industrial applications. Evaporation is a typical method of extracting this chemical all around the world. Halite is also a low-cost material because it is found in concave rocks along the coast or in lakes, where saltwater is confined and subjected to evaporation, which concentrates the components in the water and deposits salt, generally by sun evaporation. Several functions of human consumption, salt manufacturing is incredibly significant. Salt is also regarded as one of the essential elements in the extraction of riches throughout history, such as oil extraction in contemporary times, as salt began to be utilized as a food additive, and thus its economic worth emerged. This is because it is common in the all-terrain and has vast origins. It is one of the five essential chemicals that make up the backbone of chemical manufacturing, alongside petroleum. It contributes significantly to the production of chlorine and sodium hydroxide, as well as being consumed by animals and humans. This study aims to describe the method of extraction of salt and its relationship to the environmental aspects so that it gives the reader a comprehensive analysis of all the problems that are related to the extraction process and what are the appropriate methods to deal with the problems associated with the extraction processes and give glimpses of the direct impact on the environment.

Thar Desert and its Natural Resources: A Case Study of the District Tharparkar in Sindh Province of Pakistan

The research study aims to display natural resources of Thar Desert area ofdistrict Tharparkar in Sindh. It is being studied over the years that DistrictTharparkar is totaled as a richest district in natural resources, such as coal,granite, salt mines, china clay, livestock, range land forest and mushrooms.The topography of the District 99% area covered in the desert which is knownas the part of Thar Desert. The Thar Desert existed into two countriesPakistan and India. The discovery of Thar Coal Reserves is one of thesignificant developments in the history of Sindh province of Pakistan whichplaced country at 7th among world top 12 richest coal reserves countries dueto its economic worth. On the basis of the previous studies; it is expected thatThar coal reserves having the potential to solve the energy crisis of Pakistan.The availability of granite is 26.05 billion tons found into 8 to 10 differentcolors in the area of Nagarparkar. Moreover, China clay extracted at 12 to 14different locations and around 2000 people employed in the different fields.Thar Desert of Pakistan has around 120 salt lakes and around 400 laborerswere employed to harvest salt. The Rangeland forests in the desert area of thedistrict represents the main source of livelihood is livestock and the areas arehighlighted the most densely populated in livestock in Sindh province ofPakistan.

Representasi Fashion Era Taisho-Showa pada Film Animasi Kaze Tachinu Karya Hayao Miyazaki

This research is entitled “Fashion Representation of Taisho-Showa Era in Kaze Tachinu Animation Film by Hayao Miyazaki”. Fashion style transition from wasou to yosou was found in Taisho-Showa Era. This research aims to discover the form, function, and meaning of fashion in the Taisho-Showa era which are depicted in the film. This research used literature study method and the referral method for the data accumulation, descriptive analysis method for data analysis and for analysis results presented with informal method. For the theory, this research used literary anthropology theory by Poyatos (2008), fashion form theory by Pendergast and Tom (2004), fashion function theory by Barnard (1996), and semiotics theory by Barthes (1964). Based on the analysis results, can be seen that fashion’s form that represent in Taisho-Showa era are divided into two category, first is wasou which consists of hakama, haori, kimono, mandarin shirt, obi, shimada, comb, geta, tabi, and zori, and the second one is yosou that consists of men’s suit, stockings, trench coat, men’s hats, short hair for woman, waved hair for woman, clutch purse, patent leather shoes, and high heeled boots. For the fashion’s function that found in this research are 1) protection function; 2) politeness and concealment function; 3) communication function; 4) individualistic expression; 5) social worth or status; 6) economic worth or status; 7) magical-religious condition; and 8) recreational functions. And for the fashion’s meaning in the Taisho-Showa era, in denotation is refers to the form and design of fashion, while the connotation of fashion is formed by the influence of social and cultural values in Japanese society.

Cooperative strategic games

The value is a solution concept for n‐person strategic games, developed by Nash, Shapley, and Harsanyi. The value of a game is an a priori evaluation of the economic worth of the position of each player, reflecting the players' strategic possibilities, including their ability to make threats against one another. Applications of the value in economics have been rare, at least in part because the existing definition (for games with more than two players) consists of an ad hoc scheme that does not easily lend itself to computation. This paper makes three contributions: We provide an axiomatic foundation for the value; exhibit a simple formula for its computation; and extend the value—its definition, axiomatic characterization, and computational formula—to Bayesian games. We then apply the value in simple models of corruption, oligopolistic competition, and information sharing.

Exploring the Approaches to Measure the Value of Household Work: An Experience from Pakistan

The purpose of this research is to fill the gap in the knowledge by estimating the value of time spent on household work especially by women i.e study aims to assess the economic worth of time. Specifically, the objective of this research is to estimate the value of time using two approaches, the one estimating opportunity cost and the other estimating the market price/value of household work. The value of time is estimated for different types of household activities. In addition, the study also assesses the determinants responsible for accelerating the opportunity cost and market value of time during the past three decades in Pakistan as well critically study assess why the household is not diverting its human capital towards the paid employment though the value of time has increased substantially. The determinants mainly focus on personal and demographic characteristics as these factors are responsible to keep the individuals engaged in household activity. The determinants are explored using Pooled OLS. Results show that the opportunity cost of household work performed by male and female worth around Rs.26,082/week and Rs.155,126/week; whereas the market price of male and female are estimated around Rs.22,908/week and Rs.63,813/week respectively. Further, the results of this study confirm that the opportunity cost of all non-market activities is greater than the market value indicating that the work performed by individual at home(necessary to be performed) should be recognized as it has substantial economic worth. Hence this research contributes to knowledge by enhancing the understanding of policymakers about the economic contribution made especially by women through household work – that often remain unaccountable.

Equality in Immigration Law: An Impossible Quest?

The aim of this article is to discuss why the principle of equality and non-discrimination, although foundational to international human rights law, remains an unfulfilled promise in the context of immigration. Nationality is now widely considered as a suspect ground of discrimination, yet contemporary immigration and citizenship laws increasingly use meritocratic criteria to distinguish among migrants. Although framed in universal terms, these criteria create differences of treatment among migrants based on their income, level of education and economic worth. However, from a legal perspective such differences of treatment rarely amount to prohibited discrimination. Looking at the case law of the European Court of Human Rights, this article argues that the normative content of the equality and non-discrimination principle fails to challenge such differences of treatment. Moreover, the proportionality test is used as a judicial restraint mechanism which prevents the effective enforcement of the equality requirement by international and domestic courts in the context of immigration.

Capitalism, Work and Suicide

Chapter one draws on histories of suicide and historical studies of industrial labour in order to examine whether work suicide constitutes a new phenomenon reflecting the historically specific conditions of neoliberalism. Despite the poor material conditions of labour under industrial capitalism, there are few recorded cases of work-related suicide. In 19th century France, suicide was characterised as a marginal phenomenon that affected the most impoverished social groups: the jobless, the destitute or the infirm. The chapter examines the structural transformations that have precipitated a rise of suicides in the workplace and in particular, the shift to a finance-driven economic order. From a source of productivity and therefore profit under industrial capitalism, labour has become, in the contemporary context, an obstacle to rational and extraneous financial goals that needs to be removed. Suicides are the product of differential neoliberal management regimes. On the one hand, suicides affected workers who were pushed to their very limits by management in a bid to increase their individual productivity, economic worth and therefore maximise profits. On the other, suicides affected workers who were pushed out of the workplace as a form of surplus cost.

Exploitation of the advanced manufacturing machine tool evaluation model under objective-grey information: a knowledge-based cluster with the grey relational analysis approach

PurposeAdvanced manufacturing machines (AMMs) are searched as a momentous asset across the manufacturing societies for quenching and addressing the production units under economical circumstances, i.e. production of high-quality of goods under feasible cost. AMMs are significant in holding the managers against their rivals and competitors with high profit margins. The authors developed the decision support mechanism/portfolio (DSM-P) consist of knowledge-based cluster approach with a dynamic model. The purpose of research work is to measure overall economic worth of AMMs under objective and grey-imperfect (mixed) data by exploring the proposed DSM-P.Design/methodology/approachThe authors developed the DSM-P that consist of knowledge-based cluster, three multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques-1-2-3 with complementary grey relational analysis-4(GRA), approach with a dynamic model (complied by technical plus cost and agility measures of AMMs). The proposed DSM-P enables the manager to map the overall economic worth of candidate AMMs under objective and grey-mixed data.FindingsThe presented DSM-P assist the managers for handling the selection problem of AMMs, i.e. CNCs, robots, automatic-guided vehicle, etc under mixed (objective cum grey) data. To enable the readers for intensely understand the work, the utility of proposed approach is displayed by illustrating a polar robot evaluation and selection problem. It is ascertained that the robot candidate-11 alternative is fulfilling the entire technical cum cost and agility measures.Originality/valueThe DSM-P provides more precise and reliable outcomes due to a usage of the dominance theory. Under the dominance theory, the ranks are obtained by MCDM techniques-1-2-3 are compared with ranks gathered by the GRA-4 under objective cum grey data, formed the novelties in presented research work. From a future perspective, the grey-based models in DSM-P can be built/extended/constructed more extensive and can be simulated by the same approach.