annual variations
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

976
(FIVE YEARS 205)

H-INDEX

53
(FIVE YEARS 6)

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lennart Marien ◽  
Mahyar Valizadeh ◽  
Wolfgang zu Castell ◽  
Christine Nam ◽  
Diana Rechid ◽  
...  

Abstract. Myocardial infarctions (MI) are a major cause of death worldwide, and temperature extremes, e.g., during heat waves and cold winters, may increase the risk of MI. The relationship between health impacts and climate is complex and is influenced by a multitude of climatic, environmental, socio-demographic, and behavioral factors. Here, we present a Machine Learning (ML) approach for predicting MI events based on multiple environmental and demographic variables. We derived data on MI events from the KORA MI registry dataset for Augsburg, Germany between 1998 and 2015. Multivariable predictors include weather and climate, air pollution (PM10, NO, NO2, SO2, and O3), surrounding vegetation, as well as demographic data. We tested the following ML regression algorithms: Decision Tree, Random Forest, Multi-layer Perceptron, Gradient Boosting and Ridge Regression. The models are able to predict the total annual number of MI reasonably well (adjusted R2 = 0.59 − 0.71). Inter-annual variations and long-term trends are captured. Across models the most important predictors are air pollution and daily temperatures. Variables not related to environmental conditions, such as demographics need to be considered as well. This ML approach provides a promising basis to model future MI under changing environmental conditions, as projected by scenarios for climate and other environmental changes.


Author(s):  
G. Sreenivas ◽  
P. Mahesh ◽  
D.V. Mahalakshmi ◽  
A.L. Kanchana ◽  
Naveen Chandra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (0) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Ying-Ying Huang ◽  
◽  
◽  
Jun Cui ◽  
Hui-Jun Li ◽  
...  

2022 ◽  
pp. 2-2
Author(s):  
Katarina Mladenovic ◽  
Viktorija Dragojevic-Simic ◽  
Snezana Mugosa ◽  
Nemanja Rancic

Background/Aim: Patients in developing countries do not always receive adequate painrelieving treatment. Monitoring of analgesic consumption is of great importance, since this can help assessing the quality of painful condition management. The aim of this paper is to present a five-year consumption and costs of drugs with analgesic effects in developing countries, exemplified by Serbia and Montenegro, and indicate the main reasons for their (in)adequate prescribing. Methods: The observational, retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in order to analyse consumption of all analgesics, both opioid and non-opioid, in Serbia and Montenegro, as developing countries. The data concerning analgesic consumption and drug prices were obtained from annual editions of the publications of the Medicines and Medical Devices Agency of Serbia and Montenegro. The WHO methodology with defined daily dose (DDD) as a unit of measure (it is defined by the number of DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day) was used in these publications. Results: In the course of the fiveyear period (from 2015 to 2019) in Serbia, the total allocations for analgesic therapy had a rising trend; from about 43.6 million to 63.3 million of Euros, while in Montenegro expenditures showed annual variations with highest value in 2018. Most of the money in both countries was invested in M01A group of drugs, for which the highest consumption was also recorded. Significantly higher consumption of opioid analgesics in Montenegro comparing with Serbia was observed in the same period, and it predominatly reflected the difference in fentanyl (N02AB03, transdermal patch) prescribing. In Montenegro, consumption of M01group of drugs was prominently higher in comparison to M01AE group during the whole five-year period, similarly like in Serbia in which this was not the case only in 2018. Conclusions: Taking into account the importance of analgesics for everyday medical practice, more rational prescribing of these drugs is necessary both in Serbia and Montenegro in the future.


MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-36
Author(s):  
B. N. GOSWAMI ◽  
MANU ANNA THOMAS

Preliminary estimate of divergent Hadley and Walker circulation associated with inter-decadal variations in the tropics is made with   50-year reanalysis data and compared with their inter-annual counterparts. Interdecadal and inter-annual components are separated using harmonic analysis and meridional and zonal mass flux stream functions are used to calculate the strength of Hadley and Walker circulations. The magnitude of inter-decadal Hadley and Walker circulation anomalies are shown to be comparable to those associated with dominant inter-annual variations. How superposition of inter-decadal and inter-annual divergent circulations may influence regional climate is discussed.


MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
PIJUSH BASAK

The principal component analysis is utilized to understand the spatial and temporal variability of monsoonal rainfall. The southwest monsoon rainfall data of West Bengal, situated over 21 stations widely spread over the state, has been analyzed for a period of 60 years for inter-annual variations. A coherent subset of 8 north and 13 south stations has been studied separately to produce statistically significant inter-annual signals. It is observed that the above/below transition is quite significant both for station rainfalls and principal components for state-wise and coherent zone analysis.


MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
J. RAJENDRA KUMAR ◽  
S. K. DASH

The characteristics of monsoon disturbances during drought and flood years for the period 1971-96 are studied to find out their inter-annual variations. Variations of some of the characteristics of monsoon disturbances formed over Bay during 1979-88, with respect to different monsoon conditions such as strong, weak and break monsoons, are also studied. The results show that monsoon disturbance days are higher during flood years than during drought years. Drought years are associated with higher chances of low pressure areas to intensity into depressions, less westward movement, more horizontal extent, intense pressure departure from normal in comparison with flood years. However, more monsoon disturbances tilt significantly during flood years. The rainfall associated with these disturbances is highly variable and does not depend on the density, horizontal and vertical extent of the individual system. More number of lows intensify into depressions during strong monsoon conditions compared to those of weak monsoon conditions. Lows and depressions during strong monsoons have more westward movement and longer life period. Generally, very few lows form during break monsoon and none of them intensify into depression. Hence, the presence of mid-tropospheric heating during strong and weak monsoons is essential for the formation of depression. Synoptic systems which abate break monsoon condition and re-establish normal monsoon are also discussed.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry M. Kabanov ◽  
Ivan A. Kruglinsky ◽  
Vladimir F. Radionov ◽  
Grigory E. Ryabkov ◽  
Sergey M. Sakerin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Pérez-Granados ◽  
Josep M. Bas ◽  
Jordi Artola ◽  
Kilian Sampol ◽  
Emili Bassols ◽  
...  

Abstract The Asian hornet (Vespa velutina) has rapidly become a source of stress for the beekeeping sector. Several methods have been developed to control its impact and spread, though some of these impose a high risk for native insects. Among these methods are electric harps, which are physical barriers that electrocute hornets passing through two wires powered by a current generator. However, the risk to local fauna of electric harps has not previously been tested. Here we evaluated the selectiveness and risk of damage for local entomofauna of the electric harps in a study carried out over three years and four locations in Girona province (NE Catalonia, Spain). The electric harps showed a high selectiveness, with 82.9% of all insects trapped (3,902 individuals) catalogued as Asian hornets, although this greatly varied over years and locations with values ranging from 20.5% to 94.3%. The risk damage of electric harps for local entomofauna was very low in all surveyed areas and years. Native insects accounted for, as a mean, 1.7% of all insects trapped over the study period (range 0-4.5%). Accordingly, the electric harps imply a low risk for the native European hornet Vespa crabro, since only 0.1% of the captures belonged to that species. Our results suggest that electric harps might be a useful method to reduce predation pressure of the Asian hornet at beehives while imposing a low risk for local entomofauna. The employment of standardised techniques, such as the placement of electric harps, may be useful to assess inter-annual variations or site-specific differences on the predation pressure of the Asian hornet at beehives. Further research should evaluate whether the placement of electric harps improves bee colony survival or vigour parameters (i.e. honey production, amount of brood, pollen, etc.).


MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
M. RAJEEVAN ◽  
K. C. SINHA RAY

Using daily upper air data from 1000 to 250 hPa of 20 stations during the period 1983-87 , the inter-sasonal and inter-annual variations of vertically intearated mean and eddy sensible and latent heat fluxes over India were examined. Vertically intearated meridional, sensible and latent fluxes (both mean and eddy fluxes) were generally southwards over the country except over northeastern parts. Large seasonal variation of mean sensible heat and latent heat flux values occur in association with the seasonal shifts of Hadley circulation. Maximum sensible heat fluxes were observed during pre-monsoon season over northern parts of India. Maximum latent heat fluxes were observed over central parts of India during monsoon season. Eddy fluxes were two order smaller than fluxes due to mean flow during all seasons. Maximum eddy fluxes occur in winter and are accomplished by large scale transient eddies. The eddy fluxes were practically negligible equatorwards of 15°N. Seasonal variations of fluxes over low latitudes were, however, different from the zonal pattern of annual cycle obtained by Oort (1971).   There were significant differences in meridional mean and eddy flux values between 1983 (a good monsoon year) and 1987 (a bad monsoon year). During 1983 (1987) the sensible heat flux values due to transient eddies were equatorwards (polewards) during the premonsoon as well as monsoon seasons. Similarly during monsoon season of 1983 larger northward mean sensible and latent heat fluxes were observed. In addition there were significant differences in vertical structure of zonal sensible and latent heat fluxes between 1983 and 1987 also.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document