Mathematical Modelling of Glyphosate Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Microsensor with Multiple Phenomena

The massive and careless use of glyphosate (GLY) in agricultural production raises many questions regarding environmental pollution and health risks, it is then important to develop simple methods to detect it. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is an effective analytical tool for characterizing properties at the electrode/electrolyte interface. It is useful as an analytical procedure, but it can also help in the interpretation of the involved fundamental electrochemical and electronic processes. In this study, the impedance data obtained experimentally for a microsensor based on molecularly imprinted chitosan graft on 4-aminophenylacetic acid for the detection of glyphosate was analyzed using an exact mathematical model based on physical theories. The procedure for modeling experimental responses is well explained. The analysis of the observed impedance response leads to estimations of the microscopic parameters linked to the faradic and capacitive current. The interaction of glyphosate molecules with the imprinted sites of the CS-MIPs film is observed in the high frequency range. The relative variation of the charge transfer resistance is proportional to the log of the concentration of glyphosate. The capacitance decreases as the concentration of glyphosate increases, which is explained by the discharging of the charged imprinted sites when the glyphosate molecule interacts with the imprinted sites through electrostatic interactions. The phenomenon of adsorption of the ions in the CMA film is observed in the low frequency range, this phenomenon being balanced by the electrostatic interaction of glyphosate with the imprinted sites in the CS-MIPs film.

A MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH FOR PREDICTING THE ELECTRO-MECHANICAL IMPEDANCE DATA OF BLENDED RC STRUCTURES SUBJECTED TO CHLORIDE LADEN ENVIRONMENT

The application of the electro-mechanical impedance (EMI) technique using piezo sensors for structural health monitoring (SHM) is based on baseline/healthy signature data, which poses serious limitations when it needs to be applied to existing structures. Therefore, the present research utilizes autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), an effective time series forecasting machine learning (ML) algorithm to predict the baseline/healthy EMI data and futuristic data of reinforced concrete (RC) corroded specimens. The EMI data from the ARIMA model is validated with the experimental data, and the results obtained prove that the model could be utilized to predict the baseline and forecast the EMI corrosion data effectively. These results will aid the researchers to predict the baseline data for the existing structures and utilize the EMI technique for SHM purposes.

Demystifying Openhole and Outer Casing Geometry and Annulus Material Characterization with Third Interface Echo TIE Response

Ultrasonic imaging based tools have been used for long for delivering high-resolution, comprehensive real-time confirmation of the pipe-to-cement bond quality and downhole pipe condition. However, for comprehensive analysis of cement barriers in challenging scenarios like lightweight cement and for better distinction between different annular materials downhole, a multi-physics evaluation has been developed which combines the measurements taken in thickness-mode with measurements taken in flexural-mode of the casing. Signals from these independent measurements are then processed to provide robust interpretation of solid-liquid-gas behind casing using acquired flexural attenuation and acoustic impedance data. The information provided by the flexural attenuation is related to the state of the material in contact with the casing and does not probe deeper into the cement sheath. However, the pulse radiated by the flexural wave packet into the annulus may be reflected by the third interface, the interface with the formation or outer casing. The inner casing is fairly transparent to this reflected pulse so that it can also be picked by the receivers with significant amplitude. Since this reflected pulse propagate through the thickness of the annulus layer it may bring valuable information about the annulus geometry and material, and about the formation or outer casing geometry. This paper demonstrates third interface echo principles and showcases several case studies for evaluating the outer casing geometry, annular material characterization, casing cut and pull depth suggestion and determining open hole size.

Analysis of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy on Zinc-Air Batteries Using the Distribution of Relaxation Times

Zinc-air batteries could be a key technology for higher energy densities of electrochemical energy storage systems. Many questions remain unanswered, however, and new methods for analyses and quantifications are needed. In this study, the distribution of relaxation times (DRT) based on ridge regression was applied to the impedance data of primary zinc-air batteries in a temperature range of 253 K and 313 K and at different State-of-Charges for the first time. Furthermore, the problem of the regularization parameter on real impedance spectroscopic measurements was addressed and a method was presented using the reconstruction of impedance data from the DRT as a quality criterion. The DRT was able to identify a so far undiscussed process and thus explain why some equivalent circuit models may fail.

Teknik Sortir Produk Pangan menggunakan Teknik Bio-impedansi

ABSTRAKKarakterisasi untuk memisahkan mutu-mutu yang berbeda dalam aplikasi industri dapat dipenuhi dengan menggunakan alat dengan kemampuan yang terbatas. Teknik sortir memanfaatkan sistem papan evaluasi Eval AD5933 EBZ berakurasi 0,5% dilakukan terhadap pisang kepok (musa spp) hasil perkebunan di Pulau Enggano, Provinsi Bengkulu. Sistem dinyalakan dengan sambungan listrik bertegangan 2,7 V – 5,5 V mengeksitasi gelombang dari frekuensi 4000 Hz sampai 100.000 Hz kepada tiga sampel, masing-masing tiga kali sapuan. Tanpa ada modifikasi yang diberikan, sistem mampu membedakan impedansi musa spp antara jenis-jenis mutu mentah, mengkal dan masak melalui diagram Argand yang digambar dari data impedansi masing-masing. Diagram Argand yang dihasilkan menunjukkan jenis mutu masak dari musa spp lebih besar (dalam Ohm) dari jenisj-jenis mutu di bawahnya. Sistem ini dapat membantu industri pembuatan tepung pisang yang memerlukan pemilahan jenis bahan baku bermutu tertentu. Kata kunci: sortir, mutu, buah pisang kepok, impedansi ABSTRACTCharacterization to sortir different qualities in industrial applications can be fulfilled by using a tool with limited capability. Sorting technique using a 0.5% accuracy Eval AD5933 EBZ evaluation board system has been carried out on kepok banana (musa spp) from the plantation of Enggano Island, Bengkulu province. The system powered by a 2.7 V – 5.5 V DC low-voltage excited waves from 4000 Hz to 100,000 Hz frequencies to three samples, three sweeps of each. Without any modification, the system has been able to segregate different quality types of unripe, almost ripe and ripe from their Argand diagram drawn from their impedance data. The Argand diagram characterizes that the quality type of banana ripe is more expanded (in Ohm) than the other quality types of below. The system is applicable for a banana flour manufacturing industry that requires the sorting of certain types of quality raw materials.Keywords: sorting, quality, musa banana, impedance