Epics about Dobryna Nikitich and Alyosha Popovich in School Study

The article is devoted to a little-studied methodological problem – the study of epics about Dobryna Nikitich and Alyosha Popovich at the lessons of Russian literature in a secondary school. The urgency of this problem lies in the fact that the considered epic stories about Dobryna Nikitich and Alyosha Popovich are still not sufficiently comprehended taking into account the achievements of modern methodological science, the advanced experience of teachers of Russian literature. As you know, epic epics are usually divided into two main cycles: Kiev and Novgorod. For the Kiev cycle of epics, images of three heroes are characteristic - Ilya Muromets, Dobrynya Nikitich and Alyosha Popovich. The named heroes are inseparable in the popular perception. In many epic plots, all three heroes, in difficult battles with the enemies of the Russian land, act together, help each other out. Possessing many similar features, at the same time, each of them is endowed with its own individual and personal qualities, in many respects complement and enrich each other. However, the program on Russian literature for general secondary schools for textual study from the Kiev cycle recommended only epics about Ilya Muromets. As for the epics about Dobryna Nikitich and Alyosha Popovich, they are not provided for by the program for textual study. In this regard, teachers of literature do not consider the study of these epics or limit themselves to a brief retelling of their content. But in the epics about Dobryna Nikitich and Alyosha Popovich, no less vivid and expressive images of heroes are created – the defenders of the Russian land. Acquaintance of schoolchildren with their images, plots and motives will significantly expand the schoolchildren’s ideas about the Kiev cycle of epics, about their differences from Novgorod ones. Based on the foregoing, the author of the article, using the example of studying the epics “Dobryna and the Serpent”, “Alyosha Popovich and Tugarin”, gives the teacher of literature scientifically substantiated, experimentally verified methodological recommendations for their effective study.

ESSENCE, CONTENT AND SIGNIFICANCE OF LEGAL TECHNIQUE AS A LEGAL CATEGORY

The scientific article is devoted to the study of general theoretical aspects of the category “legal technique”, which is conditioned by the problem of the modern Ukrainian legislation improving and bringing it to conformity with the requirements of international standards. The author considered the issue of active development of the legal system of Ukraine, impact of the processes of globalization and integration on it, as well as renovation of the content of some state-legal phenomena, which actualizes the improvement of rule-making and law enforcement. Taking into account the analysis of the degree of efficiency and quality of legal technology in modern conditions, it should be noted that there is no sufficient scientific research of this issue by legal scholars in modern legal science. The problem of studying and analyzing the essence of legal technique is of great interest among scientists in different legal spheres and plays an important role in improving lawmaking in general. In connection with this, the issue of search for means of increasing the efficiency of legal activity is quite topical in modern legal science. The aim of the study is to analyze various aspects of legal technique in modern legal science and elicit problems of its improvement in the context of globalization and integration processes. It has been ascertained that legal technique plays an essential role in ensuring the effectiveness of law and strengthening legality. Complete and correct use of all means and methods based on elaborated rules of legal technique provides an accurate expression of the content of legal acts, their simplicity and possibility of their most rational use in practical work. The level of legal technique is one of the indicators of the level of legal culture in the country. The need for full and thorough use of legal technique, expressing the advanced experience of legislation and progressive recommendations of science, is an objective principle that allows one to avoid certain negative consequences, costs and shortcomings in the form of law.

Ontology of the Digital Culture: World Trends and Chinese Advanced Experience

The concept of digital culture defines a set of values, practices, and expectations regarding the format of human interaction in today’s online society. Predictions of digital culture describe the specifics of the online environment and the general context of social life. The range of interpretations of digital culture varies between two poles: from the recognition of digital technologies as a way of presenting libraries, museums, historical monuments, etc., to the concepts of digital culture as a new socio-anthropological reality, the content of which is not limited to ICT. Culture as a phenomenon means the semantic unity of human activity, the desire to format social life following ideas and values, the movement from existing to obligatory, from actual to potential, and digital culture is an adequate response to the demands and challenges. People worldwide change their placement of everyday activity, and we could admit such huge transformation in the Chinese People’s Republic exactly obvious.

THE BEST PRACTICES FOR THE LABOR ACTIVITY STIMULATING OF PERSONS SENTENCED TO IMPRISONMENT: ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL ASPECT

В данной статье выявляется передовой опыт исправительных учреждений по применению методов мотивации трудовой деятельности осужденных для формирования предложений по распространению исследуемого передового опыта. В качестве предмета исследования рассматриваются методы деятельности исправительных учреждений ФСИН России по стимулированию трудовой деятельности осужденных, отбывающих наказания в виде лишения свободы. Исследована корреляционная зависимость уровня занятости осужденных от уровня обеспеченности рабочими местами и величины среднемесячной заработной платы, сделаны выводы о закономерностях в развитии отношения осужденных к труду, о необходимости совершенствовать методы привлечения их к труду и методы получения данных о передовом опыте в исследуемой сфере деятельности уголовно-исполнительной системы. Выявлены территориальные органы ФСИН России - субъекты наиболее передового опыта применения методов привлечения осужденных к труду. Отмечено, что в этих органах методы материального стимулирования (как правило, премирование осужденных) сочетаются с методами морального стимулирования. Также отмечена допустимость количественного преобладания последних над материальными. В то же время указано на то, что в этих ТО ФСИН России должен происходить устойчивый рост уровня занятости осужденных (реально, как показывают данные, этого пока не происходит), уровня обеспеченности рабочими местами, уровня занятости рабочих мест и размера средней ежемесячной заработной платы осужденных. Успешность положительной динамики этих показателей связана авторами с наличием объективных факторов - количества рабочих мест на производствах в исправительных учреждениях, в том числе занятых осужденными, а также удельного веса занятых осужденных в их общем количестве. Указано на необходимость совершенствования средств мотивации осужденных к труду и методики исследования этого процесса. This article identifies the best practices of correctional institutions in the use of methods of motivating the work of convicts to form proposals for the dissemination of the studied best practices. The subject of the study is the methods of activity of correctional institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia to stimulate the labor activity of convicts serving sentences in the form of imprisonment. A large amount of empirical data obtained from the survey was processed. The correlation dependence of the level of employment of convicts on the level of job security and the value of the average monthly salary is investigated, conclusions are drawn about the regularities in the development of the attitude of convicts to work, the need to improve the methods of attracting them to work and methods for obtaining data on best practices in the field of activity of the penal system under study. The territorial bodies of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia - the subjects of the most advanced experience in the use of methods of attracting convicts to work-have been identified. It is noted that in these bodies, methods of material incentives (as a rule, bonuses for convicts) are combined with methods of moral incentives. The permissibility of the quantitative predominance of the latter over the material ones is also noted. At the same time, it is indicated that in these areas of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia there should be a steady increase in the level of employment of convicts (in reality, as the data show, this is not happening yet), the level of job security, the level of employment of jobs and the size of the average monthly salary of convicts. The success of the positive dynamics of these indicators is associated by the authors with the presence of objective factors - the number of jobs in production facilities in correctional institutions, including those occupied by convicts, as well as the proportion of employed convicts in their total number. It is pointed out that it is necessary to improve the means of motivating convicts to work and the methods of studying this process.

Forage production for dairy farming in terms of the Research Station “Poyma”

Важнейшей проблемой продовольственной безопасности страны является уровень обеспеченности населения молочными продуктами. В связи с этим большое значение имеет опыт работы передовых хозяйств такого профиля в определённых почвенно-климатических и природно-экологических условиях. ФГБУ «Опытная станция «Пойма» является одним из наиболее эффективных хозяйств в Московской области по производству молока. Общая площадь сельскохозяйственных угодий составляет 6135 га, из них 2000 га пашни. В структуре посевных площадей 95% и более занимают кормовые культуры, в том числе 12–14% — однолетние травы, 68–70% — многолетние травы и природные кормовые угодья, 15–16% — кукуруза на силос. Основное производство кормов сосредоточено на высокоплодородных пойменных землях, на долю которых приходится 84% кормовых угодий. В статье изложены результаты системного применения достижений науки и передового опыта по стабильному производству высококачественных объёмистых кормов. Проведён анализ состояния кормопроизводства и животноводства хозяйства с 1982 по 2020 год, освещены научные подходы к увеличению производства кормов и животноводческой продукции. Системное освоение передовых научных разработок по созданию высокопродуктивных кормовых посевов и стабильному производству высококачественных объёмистых кормов, их рациональному хранению и использованию, техническая модернизация позволили увеличить среднегодовой надой на корову с 4079 до 9708 кг, или более чем в 2,3 раза, при одновременном снижении расхода кормов на 1 кг молока с 1,37 до 0,90 корм. ед. при повышении рентабельности с 16 до 28%. Food safety of the country is highly affected by the availability of milk products. Therefore, the experience of leading farms is of great importance under certain environmental conditions. The Research Station “Poyma” is one of the leading milk producers in the Moscow region. Its fields occupy around 6135 ha. The proportion of forage crops amounts to 95% including 12–14% of annual grasses, 68–70% of perennial grasses and natural forage lands as well as 15–16% of maize for silage production. 84% of the total cultivation area are high-fertile floodlands. This article focuses on the application of the latest scientific findings and advanced experience for stable production of high-quality bulk fodder. The efficiency of forage production and Animal Husbandry was analyzed in the period from 1982 to 2020. The methods and practices were reviewed to optimize forage and animal product resources. Average annual milk yield was improved from 4079 to 9708 kg per cow, or by more than 2.3 times due to the introduction of the latest findings into the production process including the cultivation of high-productive forage crops, stabilization of bulk fodder supplies, feed effective storage and use. Forage consumption dropped from 1.37 to 0.90 feed units for the production of 1 kg of milk, payback increased from 16 to 28%.

Flax Growing in Tyumen Region: History of Formation and Development in XX Century

The aspects of the origin, formation and development of the flax-growing industry in the Tyumen region in the ХХ century are considered. Based on the available historiographic material (articles, reports, essays, descriptions, statistical information), the authors identified the features of the formation of the industry. It is noted that the historical conditions in which the Tobolsk (Tyumen) province was located, later the region, throughout the XX century, were full of contradictions and difficulties. It is argued that, having good potential, having received an impetus for development in the middle of the last century, at present, flax growing has not become one of the most important sectors of the economy. It is shown that the publications of the Tobolsk Provincial Statistical Committee: “Reviews of the Tobolsk Governorate”, “Reviews of the Tobolsk Governorate in the Agricultural Relationship”, the works of N. L. Skalozubova — reveal the state of agricultural life of the population of the province, the research potential of the Tyumen experimental station, the advanced experience of agricultural enterprises, allow to identify the main problems and prospects for growing flax in the region. The productivity of flax in various agro-ecological zones of the region, varietal potential and the degree of its realization, taking into account climatic features over a long period, the economic feasibility of growing both fiber and oil-bearing forms are analyzed. The main stages of development of flax growing and limiting factors for the production of high-quality flax products are identified.

THE ADVANCED EXPERIENCE IN THE ORGANIZATION OF THE COMBINED SYSTEMS OF THE STATE FINANCIAL CONTROL AND ITS IMPORTANCE FOR UKRAINE

The relevance of the study is determined by the need to modernize the state financial control system in Ukraine in the term of globalization and European integration processes. The normative and organizational bases of construction of the combined systems of the state financial control in the leading countries are defined. The advanced experience in the effective interaction of the state financial control bodies from different branches of the state power are systematized and analyzed. The expediency for functioning of the combined system of the state financial control with a combination of elements of parliamentary and governmental systems in Ukraine is substantiated. The scientific outcome of the study is the statement of the effective combination of elements of different branches of the state power in the state financial control systems in the leading countries and substantiation of expediency of such combination in Ukraine. Within analysis of the advanced experience in the organization of the combined systems of the state financial control and the provisions of current legislation, key links of the Ukrainian system of the state financial control were determined namely parliamentary, governmental and departmental financial control. Unlike the existing approaches the system structuring was carried out by institutions that implement a certain type of the state financial control. To strengthen the interaction of these links of the state financial control system in Ukraine and turn it into the only effective mechanism, it is proposed to adopt a conceptual legislative act on the state financial control which should result in the standardization of the relevant conceptual framework, thorough division of control bodies’ powers, introduction of an effective mechanism for their interaction and information exchange between them. Keywords: financial, control, system, state, audit, service, accounting chamber. JEL Classification F42, H72, H83, G28 Formulas: 0; fig.: 1; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 18.

“Intelligent” Technical Guidelines for Chongqing East Railway Station Building and Supporting Hub Area

In this paper, by drawing on the advanced experience and norms at home and abroad, the compilation and research of “intelligent technical guidelines” for Chongqing east railway station and its supporting hub area are completed. It includes “digital technology, intelligent construction,” “accurate and flexible, intelligent service,” and “panoramic management and control, intelligent operation, and maintenance,” and has formed the whole life cycle technical framework of “intelligent construction, intelligent service, intelligent management, and operation and maintenance.”

About the Activity of "Fergana Rare Metal Mining Society"

It was founded in 1908 in Central Asia, in particular in Fergana Valley, in the deposits "Tuya-Moyin" and "Jil Bulak", rare metals mining - in addition to copper, radioactive chemical elements such as uranium, vanadium, radium, provided information about “Fergana rare metal mining society”. The charter of the “Fergana rare metal mining society” was also analyzed. “Fergana rare metal mining society” was founded by railway engineer Sergei Egorovich Palashkovsky and mining engineer Kh.I. Antonovich. During the “Fergana rare metal mining society’s existence from 1908 to 1918, the “Fergana rare metal mining society” mined 820 tons of ore, out of which 655 tons were shipped to St. Petersburg and uranium and vanadium preparations were processed and exported to Germany. In the 70s and 80s of the XIX century - early XX century, foreign investment was widely attracted, especially in the field of copper mining. The article analyzes the fact that the deposits in Fergana are one of the first uranium deposits in the Russian colony and have their own advanced experience.

Organization of primary accounting on livestock farms

The article discusses the organization of the peculiarities of accounting for animals in growing and fattening. The key directions of the accounting process and documentation are determined, the characteristics of the primary documents that are appropriate for use are presented, the methodology for assessing the inventories. The advanced experience of Russian scientists in the field of accounting and the agricultural economy is generalized, examples of the practical implementation of accounting activities in livestock farming are given, recommendations for improving accounting at livestock farms are presented.