Sociodemographic profile and distribution of Spotted Fever cases per brazilian region between the years 2008 and 2017

This study aims to identify the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of Spotted Fever in Brazil between 2008 and 2017. A descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach that used as a source of data the Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) available in the public database of the Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), adopting the following variables within the pre-established period: Region of Notification, Sex, Age Group, Evolution, Infection Zone, Schooling, Environment of Infection, and Confirmation Criteria. Spotted fever was prevalent in the Southeast region of the country, although underreporting is a reality in other regions. The most affected population was male, economically active, living in rural areas, and with incomplete primary education. Thus, epidemiological surveillance is fundamental, especially in endemic and "silent" regions for the notification of the disease.

Light-cone distribution amplitudes of light mesons with QED effects

We discuss the generalization of the leading-twist light-cone distribution amplitude for light mesons including QED effects. This generalization was introduced to describe virtual collinear photon exchanges at the strong-interaction scale ΛQCD in the factorization of QED effects in non-leptonic B-meson decays. In this paper we study the renormalization group evolution of this non-perturbative function. For charged mesons, in particular, this exhibits qualitative differences with respect to the well-known scale evolution in QCD only, especially regarding the endpoint-behaviour. We analytically solve the evolution equation to first order in the electromagnetic coupling αem, which resums large logarithms in QCD on top of a fixed-order expansion in αem. We further provide numerical estimates for QED corrections to Gegenbauer coefficients as well as inverse moments relevant to (QED-generalized) factorization theorems for hard exclusive processes.

Renormalization group evolution induced leptogenesis in the minimal seesaw model with the trimaximal mixing and mu-tau reflection symmetry

In this paper, we consider the imbedding of the popular and well-motivated trimaximal mixing and μ–τ reflection symmetry (which can help us shape the forms of the neutrino mass matrix) in the minimal seesaw model (which contains much fewer parameters than the general seesaw model) with two TeV-scale right-handed neutrinos (for realizing a low-scale seesaw) of nearly degenerate masses (for realizing a resonant leptogenesis). However, either for the trimaximal mixing scenario (which is realized through the Form Dominance approach here) or for the μ–τ reflection symmetry scenario, leptogenesis cannot proceed. To address this issue, we consider the possibility that the special forms of the neutrino mass matrix for the trimaximal mixing and μ–τ reflection symmetry are slightly broken by the renormalization group evolution effect, thus allowing leptogenesis to proceed. It is found that in the normal case of the neutrino mass ordering, the baryon asymmetry thus generated can reproduce the observed value. For completeness, we have also extended our analysis to the scenario that two right-handed neutrinos are not nearly degenerate any more. Unfortunately, in this scenario the final baryon asymmetry is smaller than the observed value by several orders of magnitude.

Discontent over Congo’s state of siege will grow

Significance The attack is just the latest in a long series of massacres in the region but comes almost four months into a ‘state of siege’ established by President Felix Tshisekedi to put an end to armed violence in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Impacts The security situation in eastern DRC remains precarious and could deteriorate further. A failure to stabilise eastern DRC will weigh on Tshisekedi’s re-election prospects. Entrenched national, local and cross-border political tensions will provide fertile ground for continued armed-group evolution in the east.

A Comprehensive Evolutionary Theory Deduced from Thermodynamics

The current evolutionary theories have remained incomplete, controversial, and stagnant for multiple decades. To solve this issue, we create the concept of carbon-based entities (CBEs) which include methane, amino acids, proteins, organisms, and other entities containing carbon atoms. We deduce from thermodynamics the driving force, the progressive mechanisms, and the major steps of evolution of CBEs, and hence establish a comprehensive evolutionary theory termed the CBE evolutionary theory (CBEET). The CBEET demonstrates that evolution is driven hierarchy-wise by thermodynamics and favors fitness and diversity. It provides novel explanations for origin of life (abiogenesis), macroevolution, natural selection, sympatric speciation, evolution tempos, animal group evolution, and human society development in a comprehensive and comprehensible way. It elucidates that collaboration, altruism, obeying rules with properly increased freedom are important throughout evolution of CBEs. It refutes thoroughly the wrong notion that negative entropy (negentropy) leads to biological order which is distinct from thermodynamic order. It integrates with research advances in multiple disciplines and bridges laws of physics, evolution in biology, and harmonious development of human society.

Towards general scalar-Yukawa renormalisation group equations at three-loop order

For arbitrary four-dimensional quantum field theories with scalars and fermions, renormalisation group equations in the $$ \overline{\mathrm{MS}} $$ MS ¯ scheme are investigated at three-loop order in perturbation theory. Collecting literature results, general expressions are obtained for field anomalous dimensions, Yukawa interactions, as well as fermion masses. The renormalisation group evolution of scalar quartic, cubic and mass terms is determined up to a few unknown coefficients. The combined results are applied to compute the renormalisation group evolution of the gaugeless Litim-Sannino model.

Resummed predictions for hadronic Higgs boson decays

We present the NNLL′ resummed 2-jettiness distribution for decays of the Standard Model Higgs boson to a b$$ \overline{b} $$ b ¯ -quark pair and to gluons. The calculation exploits a factorisation formula derived using Soft-Collinear Effective Theory, in which large logarithms of the 2-jettiness are resummed by renormalisation group evolution of the hard, soft and jet contributions to the differential decay rate. We match the resummed predictions to the fixed-order NNLO result using the Geneva framework, extending the validity of the results to all values of the resolution variable and providing a fully exclusive NNLO event generator matched to the Pythia8 parton shower.