REPRODUCTIVE ASPECTS OF JAGUAR (PANTHERA ONCA): FEMALE

Objective: Describe the reproductive characteristics of the female jaguar as well as assisted reproduction techniques. Design/methodology/approach: A literature review about reproductive characteristics and assisted reproduction techniques was done to documented information about it. Results: The Jaguar is considered the largest feline in America, females are 1.57 to 2.19 m of length and weigh 45 to 82 kg. The jaguar female is ready for mating when it is about 2 years old. Regarding the estrous cycle, it is divided into: proestrus, estrus, diestrous, interestrous and anestrus. Environment influence on the reproductive behavior of the jaguar, being the steroids those that stimulate the production of pheromones to attract the male; in the female the secretion is cyclical. The gestation lasts approximately between 90 and 110 days and they usually give birth to 1 or up to 4 young. In the case of assisted reproduction, artificial insemination could be useful to preserve genetic material from animals with outstanding characteristics. Limitations on study/implications: The destruction of forests and jungles, the fragmentation of habitat, indiscriminate hunting, the lack of prey as a food source and the conflict with ranchers has put the Jaguar on the brink of extinction, in addition there is little information about its reproductive characteristics, which is why in Mexico, it is imperative to generate this information, mainly in free-living jaguar. Findings/conclusions: Reproductive characteristics of jaguar female were documented from a literature review as well as assisted reproduction techniques. Knowledge of these will allow developed reproductive strategies to work on a national conservation and reproduction strategy to preserve the species.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN DENTISTRY: A MILESTONE

The concept of "articial intelligence" (AI) refers to machines that are capable of executing human-like tasks. AI can also be dened as a eld concerned with computational models that can reason and act intelligently. Perspicacious software for data computation has become a necessity as the amount of documented information and patient data has increased dramatically. The applicability, limitations, and potential future of AI-based dental diagnoses, treatment planning, and conduct are described in this concise narrative overview. AI has been used in a variety of ways, from processing of data and locating relevant information to using neural networks for diagnosis and the introduction of augmented reality and virtual reality in dental education. AI-based apps will improve patient care by relieving the dental workforce of tedious routine duties, improving population health at lower costs, and eventually facilitating individualized, anticipatory, prophylactic, and collaborative dentistry. The convergence of AI and digitization has ushered in a new age in dentistry, with tremendously promising future prospects.The applicability, limitations, and potential future of AI-based dental diagnoses, treatment planning, and conduct are described in this concise narrative overview.

Organisation of production and release of products at the blended-mixture fabric plant “Bolshevik” in the town of Rodniki in 1942

In this article, using the example of Rodniki blended-mixture fabric plant “Bolshevik”, one of the largest enterprises of Ivanovo Region, the process of overcoming organisational, economic and social problems by the enterprise in the conditions of the Axis invasion in order to implement the resolutions of the State Defence Committee in the most difficult conditions of 1942 is considered. Considerable attention is paid to the organisation of production at the plant, actions to strengthen labour discipline, the participation of the enterprise's staff in the All-Union Socialist competition, personnel training, solving everyday problems, etc. The article provides statistical, quantitative and documented information. The general situation in the textile industry of Ivanovo Region during this period is considered. An analysis of the chronology of events related to the implementation of the resolutions of the State Defence Committee, the People's Commissariat of the Textile Industry, etc. is undertaken. The article is based on the materials of the State Archive of Ivanovo Region and the local periodical press. A significant part of archival documents has been introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.

Ethnobotanical study of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne) landraces in Benin

Background Pumpkin, Cucurbita moschata Duchesne, is important food resource due to their nutritional composition. Despite their food advantages, they still remain underutilized crops in Africa and particularly in Benin. No documented information is available on the knowledge of producers on the use, conservation and commercialization of Cucurbita moschata. The objectives of this study are to (i) collect various accessions of pumpkin on the basis of local taxonomic criteria in Benin; (ii) collect information on uses of pumpkin in Benin. To this end, an investigation was carried out in the departments of Couffo (Dogbo, Djakotomey, Klouékanme and Aplahoué) and Borgou (Parakou and N’dali). Methods One hundred twenty (120) farmers grouped into 06 different ethnic groups (Adja, Bariba, Bialy, Fon, Gourmantché and Zarma) were interviewed. Six pumpkin landraces were identified in 19 villages surveyed through systematic census of farmers supported by the snowball technique. Results Varietal diversity on a municipal level varied from two to four. Pumpkin was mainly cultivated by men and about 15% were cultivated in cultural association with maize, cassava, cowpea and groundnut. The harvested fruits were used for consumption, commercial, therapeutic and occult purposes. However, about 48% of producers have abandoned its production mainly due to production and marketing constraints. This abandonment could induce a risk of genetic erosion of this species. Thus, the conservation and an enhancement of the genetic resources of this species is essential. Conclusions This study made it possible to establish farmers’ knowledge on the utilization and production of pumpkin landraces, and identify the varietal diversity of Benin landraces of pumpkin.

Effects of Manganese on Yield and Yield Attributing Parameters of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Background: Manganese (Mn) being one of the micronutrients available in acid soils acts crucial role in crop plants. In Assam soil, its concentration is 3-52 ppm whereas in plants the critical limit is 2-3ppm. Although the effects Mn on plants have been well documented, information on its impacts on yield and yield components in upland rice crop grown in Assam was scanty, and deserved its investigation. Method: A pot experiment was carried out to study the effects of Mn (0, 10,20,30 ppm Mn as MnSO4H2O) foliar spray (each 1000cm3) at vegetative stage i.e.70days after sowing, on yield and yield components of ten rice genotypes (Kanaklata, Mulagabharu, Kapilee, Disang, Kolong, Joymoti, Jyoti Prasad, Luit, Lachit and Chilarai) cultivated in Assam. Conclusion: The lower dose of Mn (10ppm) significantly increased panicle length (16.29-37.46%), panicle weight (10.54-19.50%), panicle number per plant (4.54-13.63%), number of seeds per panicle (18.38-36.48%), test weight (7.21-29.15%), high density grains (5.59-30.45%), economic yield (14.40-28.03%), biological yield (32.58-47.70%), and harvest index (3.2-7.90%). 30ppm Mn affected adversely all the physiological attributes in the study. Among the ten genotypes, Kanaklata performed the best followed by Chilarai in the experiment.

To Evaluate the Toxic Effects of Lithium Carbonate on Granule Cells Count of Rat Cerebellum

Aim: To study the damaging effect of chronic ingestion of 20 mg/kg body weight/OD of lithium carbonate on cerebellargranule cells. Methods: However, there is scanty documented information about the cerebellar toxicities of lithium carbonate on granule neurons. Therefore the present study is designed to observe the microscopic changes of granule neurons in rat cerebellum. For this experimental study 20 animals were used, they were divided into two groups, each comprising of 10 animals. Results: Group-A received normal lab diet and water ad libitum while group B received lithium carbonate 20 mg/kg/OD for 2 weeks and 6 weeks respectively. Micrometry was done on granule cells count. Conclusion: Highly significant changes of granule cells count were observed even at therapeutic doses. Lithium carbonate causes oxidant injury to granule neuronal cells in rat cerebellum. Keywords: Oxidant injury, Cerebellar degeneration, Incoordination,

Valency in the Urhobo Language

This paper examines verb valency in Urhobo, using minimalism as a theoretical framework. Verb valency deals with the question of how many participants a specific verb logically presupposes in order for the event denoted by the verb to be realizable. The method of data collection is categorized into two main sources: primary and secondary data. The preliminary data refers to the information obtained using intuitive knowledge, the secondary source refers to documented information obtained from the library, internet, and other published materials. The study reveals that where we have one argument structure, we have one theta function. There are two place predicates we have two theta roles or functions, and also, three arguments predicates possess three theta roles. This goes a long way to say that Urhobo verbs can take different arguments, and their syntactic and semantic well-formedness will still be intact. It also reveals that it takes only one individual to carry out one event, such as òvwèrẹ̀ (sleeping event) in the Urhobo language. Finally, the paper identifies three valency classes in the Urhobo language (Mono-valent verb- takes or involves one entity, Di-valent verb- takes or involves two entities, and Tri-valent verb- takes or involves three entities).

Digitalizacija sustava upravljanja kvalitetom FINA-e u području upravljanja dokumentiranim informacijama

Sažetak: Financijska agencija (dalje u tekstu: FINA) kao jedna od najvažnijih institucija hrvatskog financijskog i javnog sustava nositelj je razvoja i operativni upravitelj ključne infrastrukture i niza servisa u području plaćanja te korištenja usluga javnih servisa za najširu mrežu klijenata – građana, malih, srednjih i velikih tvrtki, financijskih institucija do državnih i javnih tijela – s kojima se razvija i raste. Kvaliteta kao strateška odrednica i trajno opredjeljenje FINA-e kroz certifikaciju i održavanje sustava upravljanja kvalitetom prema normi ISO 9001 punih je trinaest godina integrirana u sve poslovne procese i aktivnosti čiji je krajnji rezultat isporuka proizvoda i usluga sukladno najvišim standardima struke i zahtjevima klijenata. Sustav upravljanja kvalitetom živi je organizam koji se prilagođava i mijenja kako bi odgovorio na interne, ali i eksterne potrebe, nerijetko uzrokovane promjenama u okruženju i doprinio povećanju konkurentnosti FINA-inog poslovnog sustava. S ciljem uklopljenosti u strateške smjernice digitalizacije poslovanja, osiguranja kontinuiranog poboljšanja i razvoja dobre prakse, inicirana je digitalizacija sustava upravljanja kvalitetom u dijelu procesa upravljanja dokumentiranim informacijama, kao jednog od zahtjeva norme ISO 9001:2015, čiji je značaj dodatno potvrđen u okolnostima pandemije COVID-19. Učinkovito i sustavno upravljanje dokumentiranim informacijama, mogućnost udaljenog pristupa organizacijskom znanju u realnom vremenu te elektroničko potpisivanje dokumentacije praćeno smanjenom interakcijom među zaposlenicima, uštedom vremena i resursa uvelike doprinose nesmetanom odvijanju poslovnih procesa. Time je dokazana sposobnost FINA-e u upravljanju promjenama i prepoznavanju zrelosti sustava za novu eru u upravljanju kvalitetom. U ovome radu izložena je kronologija digitalizacije procesa upravljanja dokumentiranim informacijama u FINA-i kojoj je prethodila snimka trenutnog stanja i utvrđivanje potreba internih dionika sustava. Abstract: The Financial Agency (hereinafter: Fina), as one of the most important institutions of the Croatian financial and public system, is the developer and operational manager of the key infrastructure and the range of services in the field of payments and use of public services for the widest network of clients - citizens, small, medium and large companies, financial institutions as well as the state and public bodies - with which it develops and grows. Quality as a strategic determinant and permanent commitment of Fina through certification and maintenance of quality management system according to ISO 9001 has been integrated into all business processes and activities for thirteen years, with products and services rendering in accordance with the highest standards and customer requirements as the final result. The quality management system is a living organism that adapts and changes in order to respond to internal and external needs, often caused by changes in the environment and in order to facilitate the increase of the competitiveness of Fina's business system. For the purpose of the compliance with the strategic guidelines of business digitalization, ensuring continuous improvement and development of good business practices, the digitalization of the quality management system was initiated in the segment dealing with documented information management, which is one of the requirements of ISO 9001:2015, whose importance was further confirmed in the circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic. Efficient and systematic documented information management, the ability of real-time remote access to organizational knowledge and electronic signing of documentation followed by reduced interaction among employees and time and resources savings, contribute to unhindered business processes operation. The aforementioned demonstrates Fina’s ability of the efficient transformation management and system maturity recognition in the new era of quality management. This paper presents the chronology of digitalization of documented information management process in Fina, which was preceded by the assessment and identification of the needs of internal stakeholders of the system.