computer tomography scanning
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2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-325
Author(s):  
S.I. Panin ◽  
◽  
A.V. Bykov ◽  
A.B. Doronin ◽  
A.A. Kuznetsov ◽  
...  

Objective. To study the peculiarities of diagnostics and treatment of urolithiasis complications among patients with new coronavirus infection COVID-19. Methods. The prospective cohort study evaluated the treatment outcomes of patients (n=146). The first group (n=30) included patients treated in infectious diseases hospital with a complicated urinary calculi disease and a new coronavirus infection COVID-19, the second group (n=116) included patients treated in the urological department of multidisciplinary non-infectious hospital due to complicated urinary tract stone disease who were not infected by new coronavirus infection COVID-19. As for COVID 19 diagnostics, patients of the first group were done PCR tests that were positive in 19 (63,3%) cases, and thoracic cavity computer tomography scanning (upon admission the percentage of pulmonary tissue involvement varied since 5% up to 90%). Results. Among the patients of the first group, elderly people prevailed (61+15 years) and there were more women among them (66%). The characteristic features of complicated urinary calculi disease in patients with COVID-19 are the prevalence of infectious and inflammatory complications (50%) and a combination of several complications of urolithiasis (40%). Among peculiarities of treatment, patients of the first group in 6.6% of cases underwent the lumbotomy with open nephrostomy, due to the spread of secondary suppurative process over the retroperitoneal space. According to the Clavien-Dindo scale, in the first group of patients the incidence of complications after surgery was 40%, in the second - 13.8%. Mortality rate in the first group reached 30%, in the second - 0.9%. The duration of hospital treatment among patients of the first group reached 21 (5-39) days, among patients of the second group - 8 (1-56) days. Conclusion. The specificity of the course associated with significant morbidity and mortality require further optimization therapeutic approachesto achieve success in patientswith complications of urolithiasis duringCOVID-19outbreak. What this paper adds The peculiarities of diagnostics and treatment of urinary tract stone disease complications among patients with new coronavirus infection COVID-19 have been studied. It is shown that the typical differences of patients with complicated urolithiasis and new coronavirus infection COVID-19 are elderly and old age, being a female, prevalence of pyelonephritis and paranephritis in clinical presentations, and presence of several combined complications of the urolithiasis. Mortality rate upon complicated urolithiasis and new coronavirus infection COVID-19 since the pandemic onset has reached 30% that demands optimization of treatment approaches in patients of this group.


2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Hosseini ◽  
Maryam Soleimannejad ◽  
Amir Javadi ◽  
Amirmohammad Kazemifar ◽  
Shahram Darabi ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira Galal Ismail ◽  
Mohamed Hussein Abdelfattah Zaazou ◽  
Manar Galal ◽  
Nada Omar Mostafa Kamel ◽  
Mohamed Abdulla Nassar

Abstract Background The objective of this study was to assess the bending and torsional properties of two nickel-titanium endodontic files with equivalent sizes and various designs and alloys using finite element analysis, ProTaper Next®X2 (PTN) size 25 with 0.06 taper and WaveOne Gold® (WOG) primary size 25 with 0.07 taper. Methodology Two-dimensional models of the two files PTN and WOG were created using computer tomography scanning and stereomicroscope to produce a three-dimensional digital model. Instrument behavior under bending or torsional conditions was numerically analyzed in SolidWorks software package. Result ProTaper Next® revealed higher flexibility than WaveOne Gold® when exposed to cantilever bending but showed higher stress accumulation than WOG. In terms of torsional resistance, PTN also revealed higher torsional resistance than WOG. Conclusion The geometry of the instrument, thermomechanical treatment of the alloy, and its composition affect the mechanical behavior (bending and torsion) of nickel titanium rotary files. Hence, being aware of these behavioral differences, each clinician will be able to use the adequate file according to the clinical situation in addition to the manufacturer’s instructions.


2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 848-854
Author(s):  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Haitao Wang ◽  
Guiyin Zeng ◽  
Jianqiao Li

2013 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 578-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Goopy ◽  
Alastair Donaldson ◽  
Roger Hegarty ◽  
Philip E. Vercoe ◽  
Fay Haynes ◽  
...  

In the present study, following the measurement of methane emissions from 160 mature ewes three times, a subset of twenty ewes was selected for further emission and physiological studies. Ewes were selected on the basis of methane yield (MY; g CH4/kg DM intake) being low (Low MY: >1 sd below the mean; n 10) or high (High MY: >1 sd above the mean; n 10) when fed a blended chaff ration at a fixed feeding level (1·2-fold maintenance energy requirements). The difference between the Low- and High-MY groups observed at the time of selection was maintained (P= 0·001) when remeasured 1–7 months later during digesta kinetics studies. Low MY was associated with a shorter mean retention time of particulate (P< 0·01) and liquid (P< 0·001) digesta, less amounts of rumen particulate contents (P< 0·01) and a smaller rumen volume (P< 0·05), but not apparent DM digestibility (P= 0·27) or urinary allantoin excretion (P= 0·89). Computer tomography scanning of the sheep's rumens after an overnight fast revealed a trend towards the Low-MY sheep having more clearly demarcated rumen gas and liquid phases (P= 0·10). These findings indicate that the selection of ruminants for low MY may have important consequences for an animal's nutritional physiology.


2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clair Saxby ◽  
Ron Bova ◽  
Melanie Edwards

Introduction. Synovial sarcomas (SS) are aggressive malignant soft tissue tumours that are thought to arise from pluripotent mesenchymal cells.Clinical Report. A 20-year-old male presented with an acute onset of respiratory stridor. Computer tomography scanning confirmed a mass arising from the left supraglottic larynx and an emergency tracheostomy was performed. A diagnosis of biphasic synovial sarcoma was formed. A total laryngectomy and left hemithyroidectomy was performed in conjunction with a left modified radical neck dissection. The patient received adjuvant chemotherapy followed by a course of radiotherapy and remains alive and disease free at 18 months after treatment.Discussion. Prognosis for patients with SS is related to primary tumour extent, grade, and size. The presence of the diagnostic translocation, t(X;18), is being targeted and hopefully will lead to the development of new therapeutics (Guadagnolo et al., 2007).Conclusion. Laryngeal SS remains a rare and poorly understood entity. A multidisciplinary approach to treatment is essential and long-term followup is imperative.


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