Research on the use of virtual reality in intervention and rescue activities

In recent years in the virtual reality the developers succeeded in creating an artificial environment that simulates reality so that the user has the impression of an almost real physical presence in the virtual world. By overlapping and synchronizing the projected images with spatial sounds and even forces that interact with the user, there is a detachment of the user from the real environment and an all-encompassing involvement in the virtual world. The virtual reality is present in aviation, medicine, military training and other top fields. The advantages of using the virtual environment are obvious for areas where inexperience can cause very high loss of life and material loss. Although the participants are immersed in the scenario of the virtual environment, the errors produced allow an evaluation of the mistakes made and their correction, the experience gained being then used in professional activity in the real world. Through the experience of the virtual environment, the fear of various dangers can be overcome, so that the objectives of the exercise can be fulfilled. The aim of the paper is to offer to the rescuers opportunities to interact with the elements of the virtual space to fulfill the purpose of the exercise.

Anthropological turn in the Music of the Twentieth Century

The purpose of the article is to determine the cultural and historical determinants of the anthropological turn in the music of the twentieth century when the civilizational desire to create an artificial environment led to the invention of new forms of compositional structures (twelve-tone system, aleatorics, etc.). The methodology consists of theoretical and interpretive models of analysis of mechanisms of cultural creation to determine their narrative orientation, systemic and comparative approaches to determine the specifics of the musical reality of modern culture to understand the interconnectedness with world social processes. The scientific novelty is to reveal the features of the interaction of social perceptual and artistic image in music at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries as a reality of musicological reflection, as well as to characterize the interaction of globalization processes and ethnic background in the music culture of late XX - early XXI centuries. Conclusions. The musical culture of Ukraine of the twentieth century is becoming one of the priority factors in the dialogue of cultures of both the post-totalitarian "Soviet" space and world music culture, due to the intensification of the search for new ways of human development. Expansion of spheres of interaction, integrative and globalization tendencies are not fixed as restoration of cultural-historical potential, on the contrary, polystylism as a general platform of formation is presented by appeals to Ukrainian baroque culture, the renaissance of sacred music, the revival of the ethnic component in art, search for new ones. Keywords: musical culture, anthropological turn, globalization, dialogue of cultures.

UAV-BASED 3D VIRTUAL TOUR CREATION

Lately, improvements in game engines have increased the interest in virtual reality (VR) technologies, that engages users with an artificial environment, and have led to the adoption of VR systems to display geospatial data. Because of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, and thus the necessity to stay at home, VR tours became very popular. In this paper, we tried to create a three-dimensional (3D) virtual tour for Gebze Technical University (GTU) Southern Campus by transferring high-resolution unmanned air vehicle (UAV) data into a virtual domain. UAV data is preferred in various applications because of its high spatial resolution, low cost and fast processing time. In this application, the study area was captured from different modes and altitudes of UAV flights with a minimum ground sampling distance (GSD) of 2.18 cm using a 20 MP digital camera. The UAV data was processed in Structure from Motion (SfM) based photogrammetric evaluation software Agisoft Metashape and high-quality 3D textured mesh models were generated. Image orientation was completed using an optimal number of ground control points (GCPs), and the geometric accuracy was calculated as ±8 mm (~0.4 pixels). To create the VR tour, UAV-based mesh models were transferred into the Unity game engine and optimization processes were carried out by applying occlusion culling and space subdivision algorithms. To improve the visualization, 3D object models such as trees, lighting poles and arbours were positioned on VR. Finally, textual metadata about buildings and a player with a first-person camera were added for an informative VR experience.

The influence of mineral fertilizers and biopreparation on growth and development of soybean plants

The soybean (Glycine max) is one of the most important food plants of the world, and seems to be growing in importance. It is an annual crop, fairly easy to grow, that produces more protein and oil per unit of land than almost any other crop. It is a versatile food plant that, used in its various forms, is capable of supplying most nutrients. It can substitute for meat and to some extent for milk. It is a crop capable of reducing protein malnutrition. In addition, soybeans are a source of high value animal feed. Nevertheless, the soybean is adapted primarily to the Temperate Zone. Each improved variety has an adaptation determined in large part by latitude. Soybean requires careful home processing to bring out its best qualities, and if not well prepared, it has an off-flavor that is seldom appreciated Soybeans need to be inoculated with a particular strain of Rhizobium fungus before planting. This fungus fixes nitrogen (i. e. takes elemental nitrogen from the air and adds it to the soil in a form that the soybean plant can use). However, if soybeans are planted in a field that contained soybeans as a previous crop, they may not require inoculation because the Rhizobium will still be in the soil. If soybeans are not grown in association with Rhizobium, they will grow more slowly, require nitrogen fertilizer, and yield less. Rhizobium inoculum must be fresh (viable) and is usually purchased with the seed. If Rhizobium inoculum is not available in a particular area, and soybeans are not now being grown, it may be difficult to produce this crop. Soybeans need fertilizer, including both the macronutrients phosphorous and potassium (P and K) and sometimes micronutrients. Nitrogen is not required if soybeans are properly inoculated. Soybeans need rather large amounts of phosphorous, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur. Minor elements are sometimes required. Soybeans cannot be recommended for unfertilized soils. For optimum soybean yield, it is necessary to use both biological N2-fixation and nitrogen uptake by soybean roots. Nitrogen fertilizer applied to soybean is based on the plant nitrogen needs during seedling development prior to nodule formation that is crucial to the growth and development of soybean As with all crops, soybean yield is the result of the net accumulation of organic compounds assimilated through photosynthesis. Research on soybean photosynthesis conducted during the 1950’s and 1960’s found that several cultivars grown at that time became light saturated. However, much of those data were collected from plants grown in a greenhouse or other artificial environment. Much of the information on the response of soybean photosynthesis to changing light levels however is dated, having been published prior to 1985, with cultivars that are no longer in production, using less portable and sophisticated instrumentation than is now available. In the article are presented results of researching peculiarities of growth development and formation of soybean photosynthetic productivity depending on weather conditions, level of mineral fertilization and different application methods of biological product on the chelate form under conditions of the Right-bank Forest-Steppe. It is established that a systematic approach to soybean nutrition, namely its cultivation on the background of optimal doses of mineral fertilizers N30P45K45 and the use of biological product Organic-Balance for seed treatment in combination with foliar feeding creates the best conditions for growth, development and preservation of maximum plants full ripeness, which is the basis for obtaining high grain yields.

Pengaruh Numbered Head Together (NHT) Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Dan Motivasi Belajar IPS Peserta Didik Kelas II Di SD Anak Saleh

The learning process in the new normal is currently still undergoing a process of adaptation. Where the learning is still limited face-to-face and some others are brave. Process adaptation. This learning requires an NHT learning technique that makes it easier for class II students to understand the concept of social studies learning in the natural and artificial environment as a whole and is able to increase their motivation in learning. The research method uses a quantitative design using a non-equivalent control group design. The variables of this study consisted of independent variables and dependent variables. The population of this study were all second grade students at Anak Saleh Elementary School, while the samples were second grade students who carried out the bold learning process and second grade students who carried out offline learning processes. The data collection used in this study included interviews, questionnaires and observations. The data analysis technique is validity test and reliability test. Analysis of the data used through data coding, data transfer to a computer using prerequisite tests and hypothesis testing. The results of the research show: 1) the level of understanding of the social studies concept of class II students who study with the Numbered Head Together (NHT) learning technique is better than conventional learning techniques of 0.429 (results from the t-test) and 2) the level of motivation to learn social studies of class students II with Numbered Head Together (NHT) learning technique of 0.733 is better than conventional learning which is only 0.704. Surely this is greater than rtable = 0.361. Keywords: NHT; Concept Understanding; Motivation to Learn Proses pembelajaran di masa new normal saat ini masih mengalami proses adaptasi. Dimana pembelajarannya masih dengan tatap muka terbatas dan sebagian lainnya daring. Adaptasi proses peralihan pembelajaran inilah dibutuhkan sebuah tekhnik pembelajaran NHT yang mempermudah peserta didik kelas II dalam memahami konsep belajar IPS dalam materi lingkungan alam dan buatan secara utuh dan mampu meningkatkan motivasinya dalam belajar. Metode penelitian menggunakan kuantitatif menggunakan desain non equeivalen control grup design. Variabel penelitian ini terdiri dari variabel bebas dan variabel terikat. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas II di SD Anak Saleh, sedangkan sampelnya adalah peserta didik kelas II yang melakukan proses pembelajaran daring dan kelas II yang melakukan proses pembelajaran luring. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi wawancara, angket dan observasi. Tehnik analisis data uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas. Analisis data yang digunakan melalui pengkodean data, pemindahan data ke komputer menggunakan uji prasyarat analisis dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitiannya penelitian ini menunjukkan: 1) tingkat pemahaman konsep IPS peserta didik kelas II yang belajar dengan tekhnik pembelajaran Numbered Head Together (NHT) lebih baik daripada tekhnik pembelajaran konvensional sebesar 0,429 (hasil dari uji-t) dan 2) tingkat motivasi belajar IPS peserta didik kelas II dengan tekhnik pembelajaran Numbered Head Together (NHT) sebesar 0,733 lebih baik daripada tekhnik pembelajaran konvensional yang hanya sebesar 0,704. Tentunya hal ini lebih besar daripada r tabel = 0,361. Kata Kunci: NHT; Pemahaman Konsep; Motivasi Belajar

Functional Activity of the Retina and Visual Evoked Cortical Potentials in Simulation the Factors of Space Flight in Conditions of Four Month Isolation in a Hermetic Object with Artificial Habitat

Background. The artificial environment of confined space causes a decrease in the functional reserve of the central nervous system and can affect human health and the success of space missions. In solving this problem, the urgent task is to study adaptation mechanisms that adapt the functioning of the visual sensory system to the conditions of the extreme environment. Purpose to obtain new objective data on the alterations in the functional activity of the visual system during prolonged stay of a person in extreme environmental conditions. Methods. Before and after a 4-month isolation experiment simulating a flight to the moon, an electrophysiological study was conducted of six practically healthy crew members with registration of a set of electroretinograms (ERG) and pattern-reversal visual evoked cortical potentials (VEP) according to the ISCEV standards. In dynamics, corrected monocular visual acuity (MVA) was assessed on board. Results. After the end of the experiment, on average for the group, there were no statistically significant changes in the MVA and functional activity of the retina and visual cortex compared with the initial data. However, individual changes on the part of the flicker ERG and reduction of VEP to small patterns stimulating the parvocellular channel of the visual system were revealed in three testers. These changes were associated with higher visually intense work and physical activity of these crew members, and with an individual reaction to sleep deprivation of pilots with increased responsibility. Conclusion. Four-month isolation with imitation of a space mission did not cause significant changes in the functional activity of the retina and visual pathways in healthy crew members. Individual differences of VEP-responses of the parvocellular visual system were revealed, which can reflect a high level of psychophysiological adaptation and stress resistance in physically active crew members.

Atmosphere within the Artificial

<p>The Olympic Games are celebrated around the world; however, each Games puts pressure on the host city and its infrastructure as well as the people that reside there, which was evident for the latest host country Brazil. This is a global and political topic and my design aims to provide a solution to the unsustainable construction of sporting infrastructure every four years. This thesis will investigate atmosphere through the design of an artificial Olympic island and the resulting architecture resolved within this artificial environment. The proposition that structures this thesis is how to amplify atmosphere within an artificial environment. The proposition of this research was resolved through materiality, light and threshold in order to amplify the atmospheric qualities of the architecture. This was explored through three scales; a design investigation, a domestic scale, and a public scale, using a ‘design as research’ methodology allocated to the research stream. The result of this research came through the development of a boat club for the Olympic Island, showing the rowing and canoe events at the Games. The architecture was resolved through the composition of atmospheric techniques from Zumthor and the formal strategies of Eisenman. The material qualities, juxtaposed with the formal structures generated thresholds through the change in material and lighting qualities. To conclude, it was found that amplifying atmosphere was achieved through a generative process based on the composition of design techniques.</p>

Atmosphere within the Artificial

<p>The Olympic Games are celebrated around the world; however, each Games puts pressure on the host city and its infrastructure as well as the people that reside there, which was evident for the latest host country Brazil. This is a global and political topic and my design aims to provide a solution to the unsustainable construction of sporting infrastructure every four years. This thesis will investigate atmosphere through the design of an artificial Olympic island and the resulting architecture resolved within this artificial environment. The proposition that structures this thesis is how to amplify atmosphere within an artificial environment. The proposition of this research was resolved through materiality, light and threshold in order to amplify the atmospheric qualities of the architecture. This was explored through three scales; a design investigation, a domestic scale, and a public scale, using a ‘design as research’ methodology allocated to the research stream. The result of this research came through the development of a boat club for the Olympic Island, showing the rowing and canoe events at the Games. The architecture was resolved through the composition of atmospheric techniques from Zumthor and the formal strategies of Eisenman. The material qualities, juxtaposed with the formal structures generated thresholds through the change in material and lighting qualities. To conclude, it was found that amplifying atmosphere was achieved through a generative process based on the composition of design techniques.</p>

The Private Supershelter

The private supershelter as a space proposes an artificial environment sufficiently palatial, high-tech, and heavily fortified to render permanent underground living worthwhile despite the constraints and hardship entailed by the separation from nature. The supershelter permutation of the bunker fantasy mostly appears in satirical and critical form rather than as an affirmative space. We find this fantasy of an alternate space of power explored more realistically in Philip Wylie’s ironic 1963 novel Triumph, and in full-fledged fantasy mode in the myriad underground high-tech strongholds of Silver Age comic heroes and of a few villains who choose pure modernity over cave-bound strongholds masking villainous technology. In its capacious size and design, the supershelter affords a utopian promise of survival on favorable terms. Necessary in the American context to insulate the owners from any charge of communism, the private origins of the shelter equally militate against any equitable terms of survival. Unlike the cave shelterer, the master of the supershelter is civilized and technologically advanced; however, he (nearly always) also remains inevitably an isolated elitist, apart from the dying world around him.

Virtual Reality as Pedagogical Tool to Enhance Experiential Learning: A Systematic Literature Review

Since half of the century, technology has dominated the modern era. The rapid advancement of technology has reached generating artificial intelligence and artificial realities. So, virtual reality is an emerging technology and is applicable in education as well. Virtual reality is a computer-generated simulation, where people can interact within an artificial environment. Moreover, in an educational setting, such an environment provides students with a chance to get experiential learning. This paper has a systematic literature review on emerging technologies, such as virtual reality as a pedagogical tool for enhancing students’ experiential learning. This review aims to explore and understand the effect of virtual reality on students’ experiential learning by reviewing twenty-six selected articles. The selected studies have followed various methodologies and are from different contexts. This review study aims to present a systematic literature review for understanding and exploring the effect of virtual reality as a pedagogical tool for enhancing students’ experiential learning. Nine themes were identified, which are (a) virtual reality as pedagogical tool, (b) virtual reality as emerging educational technology tool, (c) virtual reality as digital transformation, (d) virtual reality as teaching-learning model, (e) virtual reality as architectural pedagogy, (f) virtual reality for communication skills, (g) virtual reality for reading and writing skills, (h) virtual reality for social learning, and (i) virtual reality for experiential learning. Thus, it is found that virtual reality is used as a pedagogical tool for various subject areas for encouraging involvement. It is helpful in medical, engineering, language, and social learning, as it provides a chance to get first-hand experience of the environment. Also, it helps learners to engage in a presented virtual environment and experience the sense of presence in it and enhances students’ experiential learning. Therefore, this review found virtual reality as an essential pedagogical tool for strengthening students’ experiential learning.