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Conservation ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-79
Author(s):  
Nahida Islam ◽  
Dinesh Chandra Shaha ◽  
Jahid Hasan ◽  
Md. Hafij Al Asad ◽  
Mohammad Abdus Salam ◽  
...  

The Belai beel serves as an important aquatic resource for the livelihood of the local community of the Gazipur district in Bangladesh. However, water pollution in recent times, mainly from industrial wastes and sewage effluents, may disrupt its aquatic environment. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to assess the potential area of pen fish culture in the Belai beel. The study was performed in the Rajbagan (L1), Kamaria (L2) and Rewla (L3) areas of the Belai beel. Grass carp, silver carp, common carp, catla and rui of 20–30 cm in size were stocked at a rate of 15,000 fish/ha and reared for 150 days in pens installed in the L1, L2 and L3 areas, respectively. The fishes were fed with mustard oil cake and rice bran. Maximum fish production was found in Rewla (12.97 ton/ha/150 days) compared to Rajbagan (8.85 ton/ha/150 days) and Kamaria (10.67 ton/ha/150 days) due to it having comparatively good quality water. There were significant differences in metal ion concentrations (p < 0.05) among the three fish pens. In the Rajbagan area, concentrations of Cd and Cu in the water coming from the industrial effluent canal exceeded the acceptable limit. Results indicated that the Rewla area was better than Rajbagan and Kamaria due to it having relatively good quality water for pen fish culture.


Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1657
Author(s):  
Debadatta Sethi ◽  
Sachidananda Subudhi ◽  
Vishnu D. Rajput ◽  
Konathala Kusumavathi ◽  
Tapas Ranjan Sahoo ◽  
...  

Strong and healthy saplings are a prerequisite to establish a successful forest. Therefore, an attempt has been made to develop the best package for nutrient supplementation to raise healthy Acacia mangium saplings, especially in acidic soil. The seeds were sown in pots, receiving different combinations of Arbuscularmycorrhizal (AM), Rhizobium inoculation with application of lime, and mustard oil cake (MOC). The highest spore count and infection percentage (3220 kg−1 soil and 69) were recorded in the AM + MOC + R treated pot, whereas the lowest (2553 kg−1 soil and 37) were recorded in the AM + L treated pot. Nitrogen concentration and uptake in the sapling were higher in the Rhizobium-inoculated treatments than the uninoculated ones. The sulfur concentration and uptake were higher in the MOC-supplemented treatment. Similarly, the P, K, Ca, and Mg concentrations and uptakes were higher in the limed treatments than the unlimed ones. The micronutrient concentration and uptake were higher in the unlimed treatments compared to the lime practice. The concentration of N in Rhizobium-treated pots, P and K in lime-treated pots, and S in MOC-treated pots were increased, whereas the soil pH decreased in all treatments except in the integrated package (AM + MOC + R + L) after 120 days. The Ca and Mg were reduced in all treatments, whereas micronutrients were reduced in all packages except the control. Under different nutrient management practices, plant height and stem girth continuously increased by 9.5 to 12 cm and 3 to 4 times, respectively. The production of robust saplings required integrated application of lime, MOC, AM, and Rhizobium in an acid soil that facilitated better root growth with availability of adequate nutrients for saplings.


2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
M Uddin

An experiment was conducted at Khitrokashipur, Durgapur, Rajshahi during March to June 2018 to study the effect of organic amendment on soil quality and yield performance of dry direct seeded boro rice var. BRRI dhan28. The treatments were Trichocompost (TC), Vermicompost (VC), mustard oil cake (MOC), Trichocompost + mustard oil cake (TC+MOC), Vermicompost + mustard oil cake (VC + MOC), and no amendment control. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Trichocompost and Vermicompost were applied @ 3 t ha-1, while mustard oil cake was used @ 0.5 t ha-1. The results revealed that Trichocompost and vermicompost fertilization exerted significant influence on yield performance of BRRI dhan28 in boro season. The treatment trichocompost (T1) @ 5 t ha-1 produced the highest grain yield (5.95 t ha-1), while the mustard oil cake (T3) @ 0.5 t ha-1 the highest effective tillers hill-1 (15.33), though  the highest straw yield (5.46 t ha-1) was produced in the treatment VC + MOC (T5). In case of soil properties, Trichocompost (T1) @ 3 t ha-1 and mustard oil cake (T3) @ 0.5 t ha-1 improved soil organic matter content, while Trichocompost (T1) @ 3 t ha-1 and Vermicompost (T2) @ 0.5 t ha-1 improved phosphorus and potassium content. Field capacity was greatly influenced by Trichocompost (T1) @ 3 t ha-1 and Vermicompost + mustard oil cake (T5). Soils with Trichocompost (T1) @ 3 tha-1 showed the highest bulk density. It was concluded that organic amendment greatly improved the yield performance of BRRI dhan28 and also soil physical and chemical properties under dry direct seeded boro rice cultivation system. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(2): 103-109


Our Nature ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
Rajan Poudel ◽  
Sunila Rai ◽  
Dilip K Jha ◽  
Ram Bhajan Mandal

A field trial was conducted to examine effects of substrates on yield of carp and SIS at Sukranagar Village, Chitwan district for 210 days in farmer’s pond. The experiment was designed with four treatments: T1 (carp only), T2 (carp+SIS), T3 (carp+substrate) and T4 (carp+SIS+substrate) with four replicates. Ponds were stocked with fingerlings of six carp species at a rate of 20,000 fish/ha and two Small indigenous fish species at a rate of 50,000 fish/ha in 1:1 ratio. Prior to stocking of fish, split bamboo mats were fixed in substrate ponds covering 2% of pond surface area to enhance periphyton growth. Carp were fed with dough of rice bran and mustard oil cake (1:1) at the rate of 3% BW daily while Grass carp was fed with grass and banana leaves at 50% BW. Growth and yield of Rohu and Common carp, combined net fish yield and gross margin were found higher (p<0.05) in carp ponds with substrate.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-471
Author(s):  
S. K. Biswasi ◽  
◽  
A. K. Barik ◽  
D. K. Bastia ◽  
B. Dalei ◽  
...  

A field experiment was conducted during kharif season (June to September) of 2013 and 2014 at research farm of Regional Research and Technology Transfer Sub-station, Kirei, Sundergarh, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology of Odisha, India which is located in the geographic parallels of 220 4’ N and 840 2’ E. The objective of the experiment is to find out the most efficient and economic combination of different organic and inorganic sources of nutrients to increase the growth, productivity and economics of hybrid maize without deteriorating the soil qualities. The experiment comprised of eight treatments, namely 100% Recommended dose of N, P2O5 and K2O, 75% Recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) nitrogen+25% N through vermicompost, 75% RDF nitrogen+25% N through mustard oil cake, 75% RDF nitrogen+25% N through Farmyard manure, 50% RDF nitrogen+50% N through vermicompost, 50% RDF nitrogen+50% N through mustard oil cake, 50% RDF nitrogen+50% N through Farmyard manure, Control (no manure no nitrogen). Integrated application of 75% Recommended DFN+25% N through vermicompost resulted significantly highest plant height (220.8 cm) at harvest, highest leaf area index (5.15) at 60 days after sowing, dry matter accumulation at harvest (1745 g m-2), number of grains cob-1 (466.49), Grain weight cob-1 (102.67), test weight (220.30 g 1000 grain-1), length of cob (24.25 cm), girth of cob (18.01 cm), number of cobs plant-1 (1.07), maize grain yield of 6.79 t ha-1, Stover yield (10.95 t ha-1 ), harvest index (0.39), gross return (` 88,318 ha-1), net return (` 52,099 ha-1), return rupee-1 invested (` 2.44).


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-506
Author(s):  
Maksudul Islam Nahid ◽  
Md Anwar Hossain ◽  
Azharul Bari ◽  
Mst Latifa Yesmin Camy ◽  
Dipok Kumar Sarker ◽  
...  

The present research work was conducted to develop a balanced ration for crossbred high yielding calves in farm condition. For this purpose, seventy days long feeding trial was conducted with nine crossbred female calves having nearly similar body weight and age. Nine crossbred calves were equally divided into three groups such as T1 (1 kg concentrate mixture of crushed maize, wheat bran, mustard oil cake, molasses, DCP and salt at a ratio of 25:45:22:5:1:2, respectively), T2 (1 kg concentrate mixture of crushed maize, wheat bran, soybean cake, molasses, DCP and salt at a ratio of 27:45:20:5:1:2, respectively) and T3 (Wheat bran, rice polish, mustard oil cake, DCP, Salt were supplied according to BAU routine farm feeding at a ratio of 65:18:14:1:2, respectively). All calves were supplied with ad libitum green grasses (German and Para) and fresh clean drinking water. From the research finding, it was observed that the average total dry matter intake, total body weight gain, body length gain and heart girth gain were in T1 (2.68a±0.000 kg, 2.51a±0.21 kg, 1.83a±0.12 cm, 1.29a±0.07 cm, respectively) and T2 (2.65a±0.001 kg, 2.55a±0.21 kg, 1.67a±0.12 cm, 1.25a±0.07 cm, respectively) groups significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of the T3 (2.34b±0.002 kg, 0.96b±0.21 kg, 0.81b±0.12 cm, 0.64b±0.07 cm, respectively) group. The result showed that the body weight gain of T2 group was higher by supplementation of balanced ration. Therefore, the feed supplementation of crushed maize, wheat bran, soybean cake, molasses, DCP and salt at a ratio of 27:45:20:5:1:2, respectively should be supplied to crossbred calves for the future development of dairy herd replacement stock for profitable dairy business. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2020, 6(3): 499-506


Author(s):  
Niranjan Koirala ◽  
Sareeta Khanal ◽  
Sujan Chaudhary ◽  
Sagar Gautam ◽  
Shiv Nandan Sah ◽  
...  

Bio-surfactants are surface-active molecules which are produced by the wide range of microbes including bacteria, fungi, and yeast. This study was conducted to identify bio-surfactants by Bacillus subtilis combined with use of cheap substrates and industrial wastes (Mustard cake, Whey and Soya cake) which are found locally in Nepal. Bacillus subtilis, one of the most potential bio-surfactants producer; was isolated from soil sample of hydrocarbon contaminated site. Isolates were grown in a Minimal Salt Media (MSM) with 10% (v/v) mustard oil cake, whey and soya cake separately. The presence and potential of surfactant was determined by the oil spreading technique, emulsification index (%E24) and surface tension measurement. It was revealed that the surface tensions of cell free extract were 54.41, 60.02 and 56.64 mN/m for from mustard cake, whey and soya cake respectively as compared to distilled water (72.09) at 25oC. The emulsification index values are was found to be highest in engine oil from the bio-surfactant extracted from mustard cake, soya cake and whey respectively. Similarly, mustard oil showed the lowest value of emulsification index. The highest emulsification activity was shown in mustard oil i.e. 1.13 from the cell free extract from mustard oil and lowest in engine oil i.e., 0.07, by the extract from soya cake medium, when measured in spectrophotometer at 540 nm. In conclusion, strain of Bacillus subtilis was found to be the potential surface active agent producers on the mustard oil cake, which can be useful medium for various environmental, food and industrial processes.


Author(s):  
Md. Rasal Ali ◽  
B.M. Newaz Sharif

The study was conducted on the fish farmer, which was situated at Chaugachha Upazila, Jashore, from October 2015 to April 2016. Data were collected using participatory rural appraisal (PRA) tools and personal observation. About 62% of the farmers have ponds of single, and 38% have multiple ownership. The homestead and commercial ponds were 79% and 21%, respectively. About 100% farmer carried out poly-culture fish farming though they did not know poly-culture just culture of various fishes. About 98% of the farmers control aquatic weeds manually. For controlling undesirable species, most of them (95.74%) used the netting method. Liming used 185. 3-247 kg/ha and organic fertilizer, mainly cow dung used 741-1235 kg/ha. Average stocking density was found to be 12326 fry/ha. 91.5% of the farmers applied supplementary feed, such as both rice-bran and mustard oil-cake. The peak harvesting period was found from December to January. In this season, around 65% of the stocked fishes were reported to harvest, and the rest of the fish (35%) was harvested during another season.


Author(s):  
B Akhter ◽  
MR Humaun ◽  
KU Ahamed

A field experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Ishwardi, Pabna during 2013-14 to find out an effective integrated management package for controlling root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita of pointed gourd. The following treatments were T1 = Spore suspension of T. harzanium added to around the roots of seedling, T2 = Dry neem leaves @100 g seedling-1, T3 = Furadan 5G @ 40 kg ha-1, T4 = Poultry litter @ 5 t ha-1, T5 = Mustard oil cake @ 800 kg ha-1, T6 = Furadan 5G + Dry neem leaves, T7 = Furadan 5G + Poultry litter, T8 = Furadan 5G + Mustard oil cake and T9 = Control were tested for their performance against the disease. Gall index ranged from 3.33-7.67. Significantly lower gall index (3.33) was recorded in treatment T7= Furadan 5G + Poultry litter and maximum gall index (7.67) was recorded in treatment T9= Control plot. The highest yield (24.97 t ha-1) was recorded in Furadan 5G + Poultry litter treated plot where are the lowest yield (7.53 t ha-1) was in Control plot. The incorporation of Poultry litter with Furadan 5G increased the efficiency of the treatment and gave satisfactory result to reduce root knot disease and to improve plant growth and yield of pointed gourd. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 9(2): 51-56, December 2019


2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhujel ◽  
Jha ◽  
Anal

Rohu (Labeo rohita) is the most popular fish in South Asia. Its farming is often constrained by shortages of seed due to low survival (20%–30%) during nursing. Hypothesizing that probiotics might help, varying doses of two multistrain commercial probiotics were tested at hatchling (days 8–38), fry (days 38–68), and advanced fry (days 68–98) stages. The first probiotics (P1) consisted of Bacillus subtilis, Pediococcus acidilactici, and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and the second probiotics (P2) of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacilli plus yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), microalgae (Spirulina sp.), and phytase. Low, medium, and high doses of P1 (1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 g/kg) and P2 (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/kg) were tested, supplementing the control diet, which consisted of mustard oil cake (40%), rice bran (30%), wheat flour (20%), and fish powder (10%). At the hatchling stage results showed that medium and high doses of P1 increased survival by 14.4% and 16.2% respectively over the control. Similarly, medium and high doses of P2 increased survival by 22.1% and 22.3% respectively compared to the control. Survival of hatchlings and fry increased linearly (P < 0.01) with the increase in the doses of P1. The dose of P2 had a quadratic relationship with the survival based on which dose of 1.5 g and 1.7 g/kg feed was found to maximize the survival of hatchlings (72%) and fry (99%) respectively. Regression analysis also showed that maximum specific growth rate (SGR%/day) of fry could be obtained with the estimated dose of 3.3 g/kg diet for P1 and for 1.5 g/kg diet for P2. Therefore, tested probiotics are beneficial during the nursing of Rohu hatchlings and fry or before the age of 68 days but not for nursing afterwards.


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