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2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Liang ◽  
Xiaoping Li ◽  
Wei Lv ◽  
Kexin Zhang ◽  
Jiyan Leng

Abstract Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between cognitive impairment (CI) and malnutrition in elderly patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and to determine the relationship between different nutritional indexes and cognitive impairment in patients with chronic heart failure.Methods and results: We examined the correlation between CI and nutritional indicators in elderly hospitalized patients with CHF. The nutritional status of patients was evaluated by Mini Nutritional Assessment(MNA), anthropometric assessment indicators, human component analysis indicators and laboratory tests indicators. Use of the Min-mental state examinatsion (MMSE) to evaluate cognitive function. The study included 184 heart failure patients aged 60 or older. According to the international common cognitive function assessment scale, the patients were divided into CI group and not CI group. In terms of nutrition, compared with those without CI, patients with CI had lower MNA score, Body mass index (BMI), arm circumference, calf circumference, fat free mass, upper arm muscle circumference, lymphocytes absolute value, hemoglobin, hematocrit, albumin, prealbumin, and cholesterol (P < 0.001). Among them, albumin (odds ratio [OR]=0.767, P < 0.05), arm circumference (odds ratio [OR]=0.614; P < 0.05), MNA score (odds ratio [OR]=0.675; P < 0.001) was significantly correlated with CI in elderly patients with CHF, and We found that the AUC was the largest when the three indexes were combined to draw the ROC curve (AUC: 0.935).Conclusions: Our findings emphasize that malnutrition is common in the elderly population, and that it is strongly associated with cognitive decline. Identifying and treating malnutrition is essential for all older people.


Author(s):  
Linda Dwi Pitriani ◽  
Ridha Nirmalasari ◽  
Muzakki Muzakki

The relationship between nutritional status and cognitive development in children and toddlers, including those in the nutritionally vulnerable group. Lack of nutrition in children and toddlers can cause weakness, decreased concentration and slowed child development. The purpose of this study are to determine the relationship between nutritional status and cognitive development of children aged 5-6 years in RA Hidayatul Insan Palangka Raya. The research method used was quantitative research with a correlational approach, the method used was an analytic survey. The sample in this study were 25 students with a sampling method, namely used total sampling, where all populations were sampled. Research data collection techniques used observation, questionnaires and interviews. Data analysis used product moment correlation test. The results showed that the calculation of the product moment correlation test found that the relationship between body mass index and children's cognitive development was significantly smaller than the alpha value or 0.009 <0.05. In the relationship between upper arm circumference and child development with a significant value smaller than the alpha value or 0.024 <0.05, thus Ha was accepted, the correlations of -0.512 and -0.449. The conclusion was that there was a very weak relationship between nutritional status and cognitive development of children aged 5-6 years in RA Hidayatul Insan Palangka Raya.


2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiqiang Qin ◽  
Anxin Wang ◽  
Yingting Zuo ◽  
Yaqing Zhang ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
...  

Background: Previous studies showed the inconsistent effects of malnutrition contributing to poor prognosis of stroke. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of malnutrition on 3-month functional prognosis of stroke patients with different stroke severity assessed by the national institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS). Patients with first-ever stroke were consecutively enrolled in a nationwide, multicenter, and prospective registry from March 2007 to January 2008. Methods: Nutritional status was assessed at admission. Malnutrition was defined by any abnormality of 6 nutrition indicators, including body mass index (BMI), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), triceps skinfold thickness (TSF), haemoglobin, albumin, and prealbumin. Stroke patients were classified into mild (NIHSS<8) and severe (NIHSS≥8) groups. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess the risk of poor functional prognosis [ modified Rankin Scale (mRS) ≥3] and mortality at 3-month follow-up in mild or severe patients with malnutrition at admission. A total of 755 patients with first-ever stroke were enrolled in the study. Results: Multivariable analysis showed that malnutrition independently contributed to a higher risk of mRS 3-6 at 3-month for mild stroke patients [odds ratio (OR) 1.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-3.34], but didn’t for severe stroke patients (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.53-1.54) after adjusting for confounders including age, NIHSS, and infection et al. After adjusting for the potential confounders, malnutrition was still an independent risk factor for 3-month poor functional prognosis in mild stroke patients. Conclusion: Further investigation may be needed to illustrate the effects of improving nutritional status on stroke patients.


Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2491
Author(s):  
Jonathan J. Mandolo ◽  
Marc Y. R. Henrion ◽  
Chimwemwe Mhango ◽  
End Chinyama ◽  
Richard Wachepa ◽  
...  

Rotavirus is the major cause of severe gastroenteritis in children aged <5 years. Introduction of the G1P[8] Rotarix® rotavirus vaccine in Malawi in 2012 has reduced rotavirus-associated hospitalisations and diarrhoeal mortality. However, the impact of rotavirus vaccine on the severity of gastroenteritis presented in children requiring hospitalisation remains unknown. We conducted a hospital-based surveillance study to assess the impact of Rotarix® vaccination on the severity of gastroenteritis presented by Malawian children. Stool samples were collected from children aged <5 years who required hospitalisation with acute gastroenteritis from December 2011 to October 2019. Gastroenteritis severity was determined using Ruuska and Vesikari scores. Rotavirus was detected using enzyme immunoassay. Rotavirus genotypes were determined using nested RT-PCR. Associations between Rotarix® vaccination and gastroenteritis severity were investigated using adjusted linear regression. In total, 3159 children were enrolled. After adjusting for mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), age, gender and receipt of other vaccines, all-cause gastroenteritis severity scores were 2.21 units lower (p < 0.001) among Rotarix®-vaccinated (n = 2224) compared to Rotarix®-unvaccinated children (n = 935). The reduction in severity score was observed against every rotavirus genotype, although the magnitude was smaller among those infected with G12P[6] compared to the remaining genotypes (p = 0.011). Each one-year increment in age was associated with a decrease of 0.43 severity score (p < 0.001). Our findings provide additional evidence on the impact of Rotarix® in Malawi, lending further support to Malawi’s Rotarix® programme.


2021 ◽  
Vol 08 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Ayanny de Lima Fernandes ◽  
Andreza Tallyne de Aguiar Silva ◽  
Iago Dillion Lima Cavalcanti ◽  
Adrya Lúcia Peres Bezerra de Medeiros ◽  
Lígia Maria de Oliveira Lima ◽  
...  

Introduction: The established dose of chemotherapy is based on the values of the patient's body weight, where variations during treatment can increase the toxicity of chemotherapy, with the development of nephrotoxicity, among other toxicity profiles, as well as in cases of weight gain, patients may receive low doses and compromise the therapeutic response to the tumor. Objective: to evaluate weight gain and loss in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: Longitudinal analytical study with patients at the end of chemotherapy treatment of both genders. The type, location of the tumor and the antineoplastic agent used were collected from the medical records, as well as height and weight at the beginning of treatment. At the time of collection, anthropometric assessment was performed using body mass index, arm circumference, arm muscle circumference, triceps skinfold thickness and percentage of weight loss. Results: Among the patients included in the study, 47.5% had a weight gain of around 2.5 kg, while the remaining patients (52.5%) had a weight loss of around 2.8 kg. Of the patients who had GFR, 55.5% had severe PP, 33.4% had no significant loss and 11.1 had significant loss. In the current study, only 22% had a GFR <60ml/min/1.73m², but they would already need to readjust the medication calculation. Conclusion: It is important to evaluate body surface variations and also the GFR to adjust the dose of the antineoplastic agent and to prevent or minimize nephrotoxicity, as well as to reduce the risk of underdosing and inefficiency of the therapy.


Author(s):  
Krishna Prasad Lamsal ◽  
Kedar Raj Parajuli ◽  
Bhim Kumari Pun ◽  
Ramesh Prasad Adhikari ◽  
Manoj Bashyal ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seon-Hye Won ◽  
Yusuke Hiratsuka ◽  
Sang-Yeon Suh ◽  
Hayoung Bae ◽  
Sung-Eun Choi ◽  
...  

Abstract Purpose Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) has been used to assess malnutrition and health status across various disease groups. However, it is unclear whether MUAC is associated with quality of life (QOL) of patients with advanced cancer. Our goal was to investigate the relationship between MUAC and QOL in ambulatory out-patients with advanced cancer. Method This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary cancer center in South Korea. A total of 200 patients with advanced cancer at oncology clinics of Seoul National University Bundang Hospital from March 2016 to January 2019 were enrolled. Out-patients with advanced cancer whose survival was expected to be less than one year by their oncologists were enrolled. QOL of patients was evaluated using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life questionnaire core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30). Associations of QOL with MUAC and nutritional parameters were examined with generalized linear models. Results The most common cancer sites were the lung, colon or rectum, and genitourinary tract. In univariate analyses, significant factors associated with higher summary score of EORTC QLQ-C30 were higher MUAC (≥ 26.5 cm, p < 0.001), higher body mass index (BMI) (≥ 22 kg/m2, p < 0.001), higher serum albumin (≥ 3.7 g/dL, p = 0.004), higher creatinine (≥ 0.8 mg/dL, p = 0.023), and higher uric acid (≥ 5 mg/dL, p = 0.001). In multivariate analysis, higher serum albumin (≥ 3.7 g/dL, p < 0.01) and higher MUAC (≥ 26.5 cm, p = 0.03) were independently associated with better summary score of EORTC QLQ-C-30. Conclusion MUAC was highly associated with QOL in terms of summary score and overall health status. Thus, MUAC, with its simplicity, can be a useful tool to reflect QOL in patients with advanced cancer.


Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4356
Author(s):  
Fang Li ◽  
Lizhang Chen

In order to explore the association between trajectories of body mass index (BMI) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and diabetes and to assess the effectiveness of the models to predict diabetes among Chinese prediabetic people, we conducted this study. Using a national longitudinal study, 1529 cases were involved for analyzing the association between diabetes and BMI trajectories or MUAC trajectories. Growth mixture modeling was conducted among the prediabetic Chinese population to explore the trajectories of BMI and MUAC, and logistic regression was applied to evaluate the association between these trajectories and the risk of diabetes. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and the area under the curve (AUC) were applied to assess the feasibility of prediction. BMI and MUAC were categorized into 4-class trajectories, respectively. Statistically significant associations were observed between diabetes in certain BMI and MUAC trajectories. The AUC for trajectories of BMI and MUAC to predict diabetes was 0.752 (95% CI: 0.690–0.814). A simple cross-validation using logistic regression indicated an acceptable efficiency of the prediction. Diabetes prevention programs should emphasize the significance of body weight control and maintaining skeletal muscle mass and resistance training should be recommended for prediabetes.


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