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2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Gonzalez ◽  
Christopher A. Rumble ◽  
Daniel Borgis ◽  
Tomasz A. Wesolowski

In the context of employing embedding methods to study spectroscopic properties, the viability and effectiveness of replacing an ensemble of calculations by a single calculation using an average description of the system of study are evaluated. This work aims to provide a baseline of the expected fluctuations in the average description of the system obtained in the two cases: from calculations of an ensemble of geometries, and from an average environment constructed with the same ensemble. To this end, the classical molecular dynamics simulation of a very simple system was used: a rigid molecule of acetone in a solution of rigid water. We perform a careful numerical analysis of the fluctuations of the electrostatic potential felt by the solute, as well as the fluctuations in the effect on its electronic density, measure through the dipole moment and the atomic charges derived from the corresponding potential. At the same time, we inspect the accuracy of the methods used to construct average environments. Finally, the proposed approach to generate the embedding potential from an average environment density is applied to estimate the solvatochromic shift of the first excitation of acetone. In order to account for quantum-confinement effects that may be important in certain cases, the fluctuations on the shift due to the interaction with the solvent are evaluated using Frozen-Density Embedding Theory. Our results demonstrate that, for normally-behaved environments, the constructed average environment is a reasonably good representation of a discrete solvent environment.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel Norambuena ◽  
Felipe J. Valencia ◽  
Francisca Guzmán-Lastra

AbstractTogether with the universally recognized SIR model, several approaches have been employed to understand the contagion dynamics of interacting particles. Here, Active Brownian particles (ABP) are introduced to model the contagion dynamics of living agents that perform a horizontal transmission of an infectious disease in space and time. By performing an ensemble average description of the ABP simulations, we statistically describe susceptible, infected, and recovered groups in terms of particle densities, activity, contagious rates, and random recovery times. Our results show that ABP reproduces the time dependence observed in traditional compartmental models such as the Susceptible-Infected-Recovery (SIR) models and allows us to explore the critical densities and the contagious radius that facilitates the virus spread. Furthermore, we derive a first-principles analytical expression for the contagion rate in terms of microscopic parameters, without considering free parameters as the classical SIR-based models. This approach offers a novel alternative to incorporate microscopic processes into analyzing SIR-based models with applications in a wide range of biological systems.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Citra Yaumil Khairiah ◽  
Tressyalina Tressyalina

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to describe the following matters. First, it describes the reading skills of students in class VII of SMP Negeri 31 Padang. Secondly, it describes the writing skills of the description text of grade VII students of SMP Negeri 31 Padang. Third, explaining the relationship between reading comprehension skills and description writing skills for grade VII students of SMP Negeri 31 Padang. The population of this research is VII grade students of SMP Negeri 31 Padang who are enrolled in the 2018/2019 school year with 256 students spread in eight classes. The sample in this study amounted to 48 people. Samples were taken using a simple random technique with a proportion of 20% using a proportional random sampling technique. Based on the results of the study, the following three things were concluded. First, the reading skills of Grade VII students of SMP Negeri 31 Padang meet good qualifications. This is calculated based on an average count of 81.80. Second, the writing skills of the description text of grade VII students of SMP Negeri 31 Padang in accordance with qualifications is more than enough. This can be seen from the average description text written test of 79.51. Third, a significant discussion between reading comprehension skills and description writing skills of Grade VII students of SMP Negeri 31 Padang at n-1 degrees of freedom and a significant level of 95%. H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted because the results prove the value of tcount is greater than t table 8.01> 1.68. Kata Kunci: Korelasi, Keterampilan Membaca Pemahaman, Keterampilan Menulis Teks Deskripsi


Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Christopher Dietrich ◽  
Susan Braxton ◽  
Yang Wang

Insect taxonomy is fundamental to global biodiversity research, but few studies have been conducted to track progress in this field using objective criteria. This study reports publishing trends in the taxonomy of four diverse, globally-distributed insect families from 1946 to 2012 to elucidate recent progress and the current status of insect taxonomy. Publications included in the Zoological Record online literature database were analyzed for Cicadellidae (leafhoppers), Miridae (plant bugs), Pyralidae (moths) and Staphylinidae (rove beetles). Data on numbers of new species, article length, species description length, authorship and collaborations, and taxonomic journals were extracted and compiled for each year. The results showed that (1) the number of taxonomic papers increased before 1980, followed by a steep decline with subsequent partial recovery; (2) the number of papers describing new species generally mirrored the trend in numbers of new species, suggesting no overall change in the proportion of larger, synthetic works (monographs) and more such work is encouraged; (3) the average number of new species described per publication decreased over the time period investigated, but with an increase in the average description pages per new species; (4) researchers from Europe and North America continue to produce the most taxonomic research on three of the four families, but the main center for Cicadellidae taxonomy has recently shifted to Asia; (5) collaboration among authors within and across continents has increased as indicated by increases in coauthored papers; and (6) journal prevalence differed for the four families and the top 10 most utilized journals for each family were given out for reference. Based on the analysis of the publication trend of the four families, we found that the overall trend toward increasing rates of species discovery is encouraging. But more human resources training and financial support on taxonomic work are required in order to complete a global faunistic inventory in a reasonable timeframe. Future study that conducts more in-depth and comprehensive analysis based on more families is required to reflect the overall trend of the insect taxonomy.


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firman - Firman

The background of this research wasthe variation ofstudents’ achievement in learningEnglishatschool. Academic self-concept and motivation were assumed to have the most dominant effect on students’ achievement in school. The purposes of this study were: (1) to describe the academic self-concept, (2) motivation, (3) the achievement of English learning, (4) to test the contribution of academic self-concept to English learning achievement, (5) to test contribution of motivation to English learning achievement, (6) to test the contribution of academic self-concept and motivation to English learning achievement, and (7) to describe the preparation of Guidance and Counseling program to improve academic self-concept, motivation, and students’ achievement in the school. This research was done through quantitative approach with descriptive correlational method and qualitative approach. The population in this study was the students of XII IPA 1 to 4 of SMA 8 Padang. The sample was chosen by using simple random sampling. Meanwhile, informants in qualitative approach were the teachers of Guidance and Counseling. The Instrument used in the quantitative approach was questionnaire. On the other hand, the key instrument in the qualitative approach was the researcher. Quantitative data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, simple linear regression and multiple regression. While, qualitative data were analyzed by using Miles and Huberman’s model. The findings of this research showed that: (1) the average description of the academic self-concept of students was in medium category, (2) students' motivation to learn was at high category, (3) the students’ English learning achievement was at goodcategory, (4) there is a contribution of academic self-concept to the students’ English learning achievement amounted to20.3% (R = 0.451, sig. 0.000), (5) there is a contribution of motivation to English learning achievement of students amounted to 32.9% (R = 0.573, sig. 0.000), (6) there are contributions of both academic self-concept and motivation to the students’ English learning achievement amounted to 60.1% (R = 0.775, sig. 0.000), and (7) most of the Guidance and Counseling program for XII class of SMAN 8 Padang A.Y. 2015/2016 have been arranged well and the materials related to the improvement of academic self-concept, motivation, and students’ achievement have been contained and written in the Guidance and Counseling program that has been arranged.


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firman - Firman

The background of this research wasthe variation ofstudents’ achievement in learningEnglishatschool. Academic self-concept and motivation were assumed to have the most dominant effect on students’ achievement in school. The purposes of this study were: (1) to describe the academic self-concept, (2) motivation, (3) the achievement of English learning, (4) to test the contribution of academic self-concept to English learning achievement, (5) to test contribution of motivation to English learning achievement, (6) to test the contribution of academic self-concept and motivation to English learning achievement, and (7) to describe the preparation of Guidance and Counseling program to improve academic self-concept, motivation, and students’ achievement in the school. This research was done through quantitative approach with descriptive correlational method and qualitative approach. The population in this study was the students of XII IPA 1 to 4 of SMA 8 Padang. The sample was chosen by using simple random sampling. Meanwhile, informants in qualitative approach were the teachers of Guidance and Counseling. The Instrument used in the quantitative approach was questionnaire. On the other hand, the key instrument in the qualitative approach was the researcher. Quantitative data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, simple linear regression and multiple regression. While, qualitative data were analyzed by using Miles and Huberman’s model. The findings of this research showed that: (1) the average description of the academic self-concept of students was in medium category, (2) students' motivation to learn was at high category, (3) the students’ English learning achievement was at goodcategory, (4) there is a contribution of academic self-concept to the students’ English learning achievement amounted to20.3% (R = 0.451, sig. 0.000), (5) there is a contribution of motivation to English learning achievement of students amounted to 32.9% (R = 0.573, sig. 0.000), (6) there are contributions of both academic self-concept and motivation to the students’ English learning achievement amounted to 60.1% (R = 0.775, sig. 0.000), and (7) most of the Guidance and Counseling program for XII class of SMAN 8 Padang A.Y. 2015/2016 have been arranged well and the materials related to the improvement of academic self-concept, motivation, and students’ achievement have been contained and written in the Guidance and Counseling program that has been arranged.


Jurnal BiBieT ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Puteri Rizki Utami

<p>Penelitian berjudul Seleksi Generasi M2 Yang Berumur Genjah Hasil Iradiasi Beberapa Kultivar Lokal Sumatera Barat dengan tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan genotype calon mutan yang berumur  genjah.  Penelitian ini telah dilakukan di Kabupaten Dharmasraya (SUMBAR). Penelitian ini menggunakan kultivar padi lokal, yaitu; Sijunjuang, Kuriak Kusuik. .Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode seleksi silsilah. Kesimpulan akhir bahwa: mutan Calon di M2 generasi iradiasi Sijunjuang kultivar yang terdiri dari: a) 2 genotipe mutan calon yang sangat genjah(104 hss), b) 153 calon genotipe mutan yang genjah (110 hss - 120 hss), c) 18 genotipe mutan calon yang genjah dan memiliki kriteria tinggi untuk ideal, dan d) 2 genotipe potensial mutan yang genjah dan memiliki jumlah ideal anakan, e) memiliki 7 calon genotipe mutan yang memiliki bobot gabah kering panen diatas rata-rata produksi deskripsi kultivar Sijunjuang mutan calon generasi M2 iradisasi hasil Kuriak Kusuik terdiri dari: a) 2 genotipe mutan calon yang sangat genjah (104 hss), b) 76 calon genotipe mutan yang genjah (113 -124 hss), c) 323 kandidat untuk genotipe mutan sedang (126 -140 hss), d) 123 genotipe calon mutan genjah dan memiliki kriteria tinggi untuk ideal</p><p> </p><p><em>The study titled Seleksi  Padi Generasi M2 yang Berumur Genjah Hasil Iradiasi Beberapa Kultivar Lokal Sumatera Barat with the aim of the research is to obtain genotypes that old early maturin mutant candidates.The experiment was conducted in Kabupaten Dharmasraya (SUMBAR). This study used</em> t<em>wo local rice cultivars, namely; Sijunjuang, KuriakKusuik, in radiation. The method used in this study was the pedigree selection method. In this study, The final conclusion that: Candidate mutants in M2 generation irradiated Sijunjuang cultivars consisting of: a) 2 genotypes of candidate mutants that are very early maturing (104 hss), b) 153 candidates mutant genotypes that are early maturing (110 hss - 120 hss), c) 18 genotypes of candidate mutants that are early maturing and has high criteria for an ideal, and d) 2 genotype potential mutant that is early maturing and has the ideal total number of tillers, e) has 7 candidates for the mutant genotype which has a weight of dry grain harvest above average production average description of cultivars Sijunjuang candidate mutants in M2 generation iradisasi Kuriak Kusuik resulted consist of: a) 2 genotypes of candidate mutants that are very early maturing (104 hss), b) 76 prospective mutant genotypes that are early maturing (113 -124 hss), c) 325 candidates for the mutant genotypes that are currently (126 – 140 hss), d) 123 genotype of mutant candidates that were very early maturing and has high criteria for an ideal.</em></p>


Konselor ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Sesilianus Fau ◽  
Firman Firman ◽  
Mudjiran Mudjiran

The background of this research wasthe variation ofstudents’ achievement in learningEnglishatschool. Academic self-concept and motivation were assumed to have the most dominant effect on students’ achievement in school. The purposes of this study were: (1) to describe the academic self-concept, (2) motivation, (3) the achievement of English learning, (4) to test the contribution of academic self-concept to English learning achievement, (5) to test contribution of motivation to English learning achievement, (6) to test the contribution of academic self-concept and motivation to English learning achievement, and (7) to describe the preparation of Guidance and Counseling program to improve academic self-concept, motivation, and students’ achievement in the school. This research was done through quantitative approach with descriptive correlational method and qualitative approach. The population in this study was the students of XII IPA 1 to 4 of SMA 8 Padang. The sample was chosen by using simple random sampling. Meanwhile, informants in qualitative approach were the teachers of Guidance and Counseling. The Instrument used in the quantitative approach was questionnaire. On the other hand, the key instrument in the qualitative approach was the researcher. Quantitative data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, simple linear regression and multiple regression. While, qualitative data were analyzed by using Miles and Huberman’s model. The findings of this research showed that: (1) the average description of the academic self-concept of students was in medium category, (2) students' motivation to learn was at high category, (3) the students’ English learning achievement was at goodcategory, (4) there is a contribution of academic self-concept to the students’ English learning achievement amounted to 20.3% (R = 0.451, sig. 0.000), (5) there is a contribution of motivation to English learning achievement of students amounted to 32.9% (R = 0.573, sig. 0.000), (6) there are contributions of both academic self-concept and motivation to the students’ English learning achievement amounted to 60.1% (R = 0.775, sig. 0.000), and (7) most of the Guidance and Counseling program for XII class of SMAN 8 Padang A.Y. 2015/2016 have been arranged well and the materials related to the improvement of academic self-concept, motivation, and students’ achievement have been contained and written in the Guidance and Counseling program that has been arranged.


Konselor ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Muhammad Putra Dinata Saragi ◽  
Mega Iswari ◽  
Mudjiran Mudjiran

The research was backgrounded by still low level of the learning motivation of students. The self-concept and parental support suspectted to affect the learning motivation of students. This research aims to describe : (1) the self-concepts, (2) parental support, (3) learning motivation of students, (4) the contribution of the self-concept toward the learning motivation of students, (5) the parental support contributions toward the learning motivation of students, and (6) the contribution of self-concept and parental support together against to the learning motivation of students. This study used a descriptive correlational quantitative method. The population of this research was students of SMA Negeri 8 Padang in class XI and XII which totaled 464 people. The number of samples are 215 people, selected by proportional stratified random sampling technique. The instrument used is the scale. Results validity and reliability of the instrument self-concept, parental support, and learning motivation of student stated that valid and reliable research instruments. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, simple regression, and multiple regression. The findings showed that: (1) the average description of self-concepts are in positive category, (2) an average description of parental support are in high category, (3) description of the learning motivation of students are in high category, (4) there is contribution of self-concept toward the learning motivation of students by 24.2%, (5) there is contribution of parental support toward the learning motivation of students by 18.8%, and (6) there are contributions of self-concept and parental support together toward the learning motivation of students amounted to 30.7%. Implications of the research results can be used as input to create a program of guidance and counseling services.


2014 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 237-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Plujko ◽  
O.M. Gorbachenko ◽  
E.P. Rovenskykh ◽  
V.A. Zheltonozhskii

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