On stability of distributions of WhatsApp traffic characteristics

This paper deals with the main methods of traffic classification and describes the functional scheme of a test bench and the test procedure. It provides the results of verifying the hypothesis about the stability of distributions of WhatsApp traffic characteristics. The delivered test results in this paper emphasize the influence of certain traffic characteristics on the final traffic distribution form. In addition, the comparison of the results obtained for the entire set of tests and the results received for individual test sets reveals the absence of other critical traffic characteristics significantly influencing the distribution form concluding in the need for further research. The paper concludes that the stability pattern of distributions of WhatsApp traffic characteristics can be obtained and visualized after more critical traffic characteristics are revealed and processed in similar tests. This paper stands as a pioneer research in assessing the traffic analysis and implementing the results in applied science.

Elucidation of stability profiles of common chemistry analytes in serum stored at six graded temperatures

Background Many reports address the stability of biochemical analytes in serum. However, studies covering a wide range of storage temperatures are unavailable. Using equipment enabling precise temperature control, we investigated the effect of six different storage temperatures on serum analytes. Methods Serum specimens from seven healthy volunteers were obtained and divided into multiple aliquots for storage at −30, −20, −10, 0, 4, and 25 °C. On days 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 and 56, the aliquots stored at each temperature were relocated to a deep freezer maintained at −80 °C. On day 60, all aliquots were measured collectively for 13 major chemistry analytes. Results (1) At 25 °C, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin (TBil) were very unstable especially on day 7 and later. (2) At ≤4 °C, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), amylase (AMY), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), TBil and complement component-4 (C4) were generally stable and were very stable at 25 °C until day 14. (3) Between −20 and 4 °C, especially at −10 °C, test results of ALT, AST and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) showed prominent decreases, but their stability was greatly improved at −30 °C. (4) In contrast, the value of complement component-3 (C3) increased at ≥− 20 °C. (5) At −30 °C, test results of all analytes were generally very stable except for ALT and CK, which showed noticeable reductions in activity after 14 days. Conclusions This is the first study to assess the stability of serum analytes at six graded temperatures simultaneously. Each analyte has a unique stability pattern for a range of temperatures.

Structures and stability of closo-hydroborate dianions BnHn2– (n = 5-12) from the PSM model

In this theoretical study, the structures and energetic properties of several closohydroborate dianions BnHn2– (n = 5-12) were systematically investigated employing the B3LYP functional in conjunction with the aug-cc-pVTZ basis set. Global equilibrium geometries were determined, and the growth mechanism is established. Several thermodynamic parameters including the one-step fragmentation energy, the second-order difference in energy, and the HOMO– LUMO energy gap were also computed to evaluate their stability pattern. Computed results show that among investigated species B6H62– and B12H122– are exceptionally stable with closed-shell electronic structures. Their valence electrons generate magic numbers which could be understood by using the phenomenological shell model. The B6H62– with 26 itinerant electrons has an octahedral form ground state (Oh symmetry) and a closed electronic configuration, i.e. 1S2/1P6/2S2/1D10/2P6. Similarly, the anion B12H122– with 50 mobile electrons, which favors an icosahedron (Ih symmetry), also has a closed 1S2/1P6/2S2/1D10/2P6/1F14/2D10 electron shell. Therefore, these systems bear the highly symmetric conformations and constitute the exceedingly stable members of the series examined.

Grain yield stability of early maize genotypes

The objective of this study was to estimate grain yield stability of early maize genotypes. Five early maize genotypes namely Pool-17, Arun1EV, Arun-4, Arun-2 and Farmer’s variety were evaluated using Randomized Complete Block Design along with three replications at four different locations namely Rampur, Rajahar, Pakhribas and Kabre districts of Nepal during summer seasons of three consecutive years from 2010 to 2012 under farmer’s fields. Genotype and genotype × environment (GGE) biplot was used to identify superior genotype for grain yield and stability pattern. The genotypes Arun-1 EV and Arun-4 were better adapted for Kabre and Pakhribas where as pool-17 for Rajahar environments. The overall findings showed that Arun-1EV was more stable followed by Arun-2 therefore these two varieties can be recommended to farmers for cultivation in both environments.

STABILITY AND MULTIPLICITY OF PERIODIC OR ALMOST PERIODIC SOLUTIONS TO SCALAR FIRST-ORDER ODE

Using a monotonicity property specific to this case, we give a general property of the stability pattern of successive periodic solutions of the first-order scalar differential equation u′ = f(t, u). We also give an optimal smallness condition in order for the quasi-autonomous equation u′+g(u) = f(t) where g ∈ C1(ℝ) and f : ℝ → ℝ is almost periodic to have exactly N almost periodic solutions on the line assuming that we have exactly N equilibria ci and g′(ci) ≠ 0 for all i.