vastus intermedius
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2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Kojić ◽  
Danimir Mandić ◽  
Vladimir Ilić

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to compare sex adaptations in hypertrophy, strength and contractile properties of upper and lower-body muscles induced by resistance training (RT). Eighteen RT untrained male (MG) and female (FG) students (aged 24.1 ± 1.7 years, height: 1.75 ± 0.08 m, weight: 70.4 ± 12.3 kg) undervent 7 weeks of biceps curl and squat training (2 days/week, 60–70% repetition maximum, 3–4 sets, 120 s rest intervals, reps until muscular failure). At baseline and final measurement, thickness and cross-section area, one-repetition maximum and tensiomyography parameters (contraction time − Tc and radial displacement − Dm) of elbow flexors (biceps brachii) and knee extensors (4 quadriceps muscles) were evaluated. Although MG tends to display greater absolute strength gains for upper- (p = 0.055) and lower-body (p = 0.098), for relative changes ANCOVA revealed no sex-specific differences for either of the tested variables. Significant hypertrophy was observed for all tested muscles, except for vastus intermedius in FG (p = 0.076). The Dm significantly decreased for biceps brachii (MG by 12%, p < 0.01 and FG by 13.1%, p < 0.01) and rectus femoris (MG by19.2%, p < 0.01 and FG by 12.3%, p < 0.05), while Tc values remain unchanged. These results indicate that initial morphological, functional and contractile alterations following RT are similar for males and females, and that there are no specific sex adaptations either for the upper- or lower-body muscles. The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04845295).


POCUS Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-59
Author(s):  
Shawn Felton ◽  
Arie Van Duijn

The patient was a 69-year-old recreational golfer who injured his right . While walking between the 9th and 18th holes, he slipped on pine straw. Ultrasound images of the quadriceps tendon post-injury revealed a full-thickness tear of the Quadriceps tendon, Rectus Femoris and Vastus intermedius. The diagnosis was confirmed through MRI arthrogram imaging. The hypoechoic finding in the ultrasound exam demonstrated the imaging to be as precise in diagnosing a full thickness tear as the MRI. The patient underwent surgical repair of the Quadriceps Tendon and is currently progressing in rehabilitation.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0259039
Author(s):  
Raki Kawama ◽  
Masamichi Okudaira ◽  
Tatsuya Shimasaki ◽  
Hirohiko Maemura ◽  
Satoru Tanigawa

Numerous studies have clarified that sprinters possess unique morphological characteristics of the thigh muscles compared with non-athletes. However, little evidence is available regarding the morphological differences between sprinters and rugby players. This study aimed to examine the morphological differences in the individual hamstrings and quadriceps femoris muscles between sub-elite sprinters and rugby players. Ultrasound images were acquired from the proximal, middle, and distal regions of the thigh. From the images, the anatomical cross-sectional areas were calculated for 14 sub-elite sprinters, 14 rugby players, and 14 non-athletes. The calculated anatomical cross-sectional areas were normalized to two-thirds power of the body mass, and the normalized values of all regions were averaged as those of the individual muscles. In the hamstrings, the sizes of the biceps femoris short head and semitendinosus were greater in the sprinters than in the rugby players and/or non-athletes (all p < 0.05). In contrast, in the quadriceps femoris, the sizes of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, and vastus intermedius were the greatest in the rugby players (all p < 0.05). In the middle region of the biceps femoris short head and the proximal-middle regions of the semitendinosus, the muscle sizes were greater in the sprinters than in the rugby players (all p < 0.05), and vice versa in the middle-distal regions of the rectus femoris (all p < 0.05). These results suggest that 1) sub-elite sprinters possess larger sizes of the biceps femoris short head and semitendinosus, whereas rugby players have larger sizes of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, and vastus intermedius, and 2) each of the athletes has different size distributions, especially along the lengths of BFsh, ST, and RF. The findings of the present study would be helpful for rugby players in designing training regimens aimed at enhancing sprint performance.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Chrysostomos Sahinis ◽  
Eleftherios Kellis

The tensor of vastus intermedius is a newly discovered muscle that is located at the anterior compartment of the thigh. The aim of the present study is to report, assess and synthetize the existing evidence on the anatomy, variation and morphological characteristics of the TVI as well as to examine its clinical importance. A systematic review was performed evaluating both anatomical and medical imaging studies which provided information about TVI anatomy, prevalence, variations and morphological characteristics. The search strategy was conducted in major electronic databases. Two reviewers worked independently to screen all possible references via a title/abstract examination. Methodological quality was examined with the Anatomical Quality Assurance checklist. A total of 295 cadaveric knees were included in the nine studies where in 244 (82.7%) cases the TVI was identified. Based on this evidence, it appears that the TVI is located between the vastus lateralis and vastus intermedius. The muscle belly is located proximally, and it is combined with a broad and flat aponeurosis before forming a tendinous structure that is attached at the medial aspect of the patella. The TVI presented some morphological variations and complex muscle architecture that varied along its length. There is insufficient good quality evidence as more than half of the included studies were ranked as having a “High” risk of bias with various methodological issues. Higher quality studies are recommended to evaluate the TVI morphology to better understand its functional and clinical importance.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Femina Sam ◽  
Madhavi Kandagaddala ◽  
Ivan James Prithishkumar ◽  
Koyeli Mary Mahata ◽  
Mahasampath Gowri ◽  
...  

AbstractQuadriceps femoris is an extensor muscle in the anterior compartment of thigh and is traditionally taught to be composed of four heads. Recently, there is an increased interest in the occurrence of an additional muscle head of quadriceps femoris. But scientific knowledge regarding its incidence is lacking in the South Indian population. This study was done to confirm the presence of the additional head by routine anatomic dissection and radiological imaging techniques. Forty-one formalin fixed human cadaveric lower limbs were dissected and the morphology of the additional head was noted. Retrospective analysis of 88 MRI images of patients was done. The additional muscle head was present in 43.9% of the cadaveric lower limbs and was consistently located between the vastus lateralis and vastus intermedius. It originated from variable portions of the greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, lateral lip of linea aspera and lateral surface of the shaft of femur and inserted either as a muscle belly or as an aponeurosis into the vastus intermedius (55.6%), vastus lateralis (22.2%) or directly into the base of the patella. It received its vascular supply from branches of the lateral circumflex femoral artery and was innervated by branches from the posterior division of the femoral nerve. In addition, the additional muscle head was identified by MRI and its incidence was reported to be 30.68% for the first time in living subjects. The result of this study provides additional information in understanding the morphology of the quadriceps femoris muscle.


Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2401
Author(s):  
Alejandro Sanz-Paris ◽  
Mikel González-Fernandez ◽  
Luis Enrique Hueso-Del Río ◽  
Eduardo Ferrer-Lahuerta ◽  
Alejandra Monge-Vazquez ◽  
...  

Background: The aim of this work was to assess whether the muscle thickness and echogenicity were associated with dysphagia, malnutrition, sarcopenia, and functional capacity in acute hospital admission for a hip fracture. Methods: Observational study that assessed nutritional status by Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition, risk of dysphagia and sarcopenia by European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People and Barthel functional index. We measured muscle thickness and echogenicity of masseter, bicipital, and quadriceps rectus femoris (RF) and vastus intermedius (VI) by ultrasound. Results: One hundred and one patients were included in the study (29.7% sarcopenia and 43.8% malnutrition). Logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index showed an inverse association of the masseter thickness with both sarcopenia (OR: 0.56) and malnutrition (OR: 0.38) and quadriceps with sarcopenia (OR: 0.74). In addition, patients at high risk of dysphagia had lower masseter thickness (p: 0.0001) while patients able to self-feeding had thicker biceps (p: 0.002) and individuals with mobility on level surfaces higher thickness of biceps (p: 0.008) and quadriceps (p: 0.04). Conclusion: Thickness of the masseter was associated with risk of dysphagia, biceps with the ability to self-feed, and that of the quadriceps RF-VI with mobility.


Author(s):  
Yusuke Takahashi ◽  
Kazuki Okura ◽  
Kazuo Kinoshita ◽  
Arata Seto ◽  
Akira Saito ◽  
...  

BACKGROUND: In medial knee osteoarthritis (knee OA), compensatory overstrain of the rectus femoris (RF) muscle leads to its hypertrophy. We hypothesize that besides hypertrophy of the RF, a prominent flattening of the central aponeurosis (CA) curvature is also indicative of RF. This study aims to evaluate the structural changes in the CA and clarify the conditions associated with RF overstrain in knee OA. OBJECTIVE: Twenty-three legs of 20 elderly without knee OA (elderly group) and 26 legs of 20 individuals with K-L grade II knee OA (knee OA group) with typical “comma”-shaped CA participated in this study. METHODS: The knee extension torque (Nm/kg) in the sitting position, the thickness of the RF and vastus intermedius (VI) muscles (VI), and change in CA curvature (%Curvature) were measured at the mid-thigh by ultrasonography. RESULTS: The knee extension torque was not significantly different between the two groups. Compared to the elderly group, the knee OA group had significantly thicker RF at rest, while the VI thickness during contraction was significantly smaller. The %Curvature was significantly higher in the knee OA group than in the elderly group. CONCLUSIONS: In the knee OA group, the RF was hypertrophic with a more pronounced CA flattening during muscle contraction, although the other quadriceps muscles were atrophic, suggesting an overstrained RF. Assessing thickness and CA curvature of the RF is, therefore, useful and simple for evaluating overstrain caused by RF compensation.


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