Coordinated Development of Population, Resources, Environment, Economy, and Society under Engineering Management Combined with Bilevel Optimization Model

The in-depth analysis of the strategies for the coordinated and continuous development of population, resources, environment, economy, and society based on the engineering management model is highly important for the sustainable development of the regional economy and society. In this article, a population-economy-resources-environment bilevel optimization model is established based on the economic and social development in a provincial region. The method of bilevel optimization is adopted to introduce the specific bilevel optimization model. The concept and objectives of the bilevel optimization are explained, and its corresponding technical applications are described. In this article, the development in coordinated economic and social development of population, resources, and environment is analyzed and compared based on the bilevel optimization model. In particular, the evolution and changes before and after the implementation of engineering management are studied. Through the results, it can be observed that after the implementation of project management, the coefficient of industry location has presented a downward trend, and the coordinated development of population, resources, environment, economy, and society has become more coordinated.

Analytical hierarchy process in determining the location of the cascara industry in Aceh Tengah District

Choosing the right industry location is an important thing in the business planning process. Cascara industry is one of activity that produces a new product of coffee tree such as a pulp coffee berry. This Industry has the potential to be developed. Processing waste pulp coffee cascara products such as cascara tea is expected to add higher value to pulp coffee. Building the new cascara industry in Aceh Tengah District needs a good strategy to choose the right location for the industry. One method that can be used to analyse this aspect is the method Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Determination of the location of the cascara industry in Aceh Tengah District uses several criteria, namely the potential for cascara production, human resources, transportation access, and infrastructure availability. While the alternative locations chosen for the establishments of the cascara industry are Bebesen Sub district, Kebayakan Sub district, and Pegasing Sub district. According to the result of research, the best alternative location of raw material and infrastructure availability for the establishment of the cascara industry is Pegasing Sub districts with the weight of around 0.399.

Industrial Waste Heat District-Heating Design Based on Geographic Information System: Case Study in Vitoria-Gasteiz (Spain)

The use of georeferenced information system and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data in combination with traditional data analytics tools is very promising in urban scale engineering and especially in energy urban planning. This paper explores the use of new DH networks for industrial waste heat exploitation and for that purpose, a case-study in Vitoria-Gasteiz (Spain) is proposed. The methodology explained in this paper explores the incorporation of data from industrial emplacements, buildings and road network in order to identify optimal areas in the city for the construction of a new district-heating network. An area of influence of a buffer of radius 1.5km from the industry location is defined and the proposed algorithm divides this area into grids of different sizes. The path for the network is calculated by optimizing the economic performance of the network. The results show that the district-heating may be built in the south-west direction from the industry and among the 40 configurations studied, payback periods from 6 to 8.5 years are obtained.

The Pitfalls of Using Location Quotients to Identify Clusters and Represent Industry Specialization in Small Regions

This paper examines the use of location quotients, a measure of regional business activity relative to the national benchmark, as an indicator of sectoral agglomeration in small cities and towns, and as a measure of industry specialization that might impact the number of new business startups in these places. Using establishment-level data on businesses located in Maine, our findings suggest that the addition of one "hypothetical" establishment in very small towns leads to a dramatic change in the magnitude of the region-industry location quotient. At population sizes of about 4,100 or more people, however, location quotients are reasonably stable. Regression results from an analysis of the relationship between new business activity and regional industry specialization show that the effect of location quotients on business startups switches from "inelastic" to "elastic" at a population size cutoff of about 2,600 residents. Overall, our findings suggest that researchers and practitioners should exercise caution when using location quotients to study small regions.

Spatial Location and the State of Timber Industry Enterprises in the Soviet Union by the End of the First Five-Year Plan

In the period of New Economic Policy in the USSR industrialization issues became very topical. In timber industry complex, the solutions were related to the development of forested areas in Northeastern regions of the country as well as to the construction and reconstruction of enterprises. The article provides the first-time analysis of maps and forest industry location, based on the results of the First Five-Year Plan published in the atlas “The Industry in the USSR and the beginning of the Second Five-Year Plan“ and statistical collection materials ”Social Construction of the USSR”. The analysis was made in order to define the situation in the industry, the main directions of production as well as the regional specificities. Using the example of wood machining sphere the author presents the analysis of enterprise groups according to different criteria. The research resulted in conclusions about highest intensity of enterprise reconstruction and construction in timber sawing, in furniture industry and intra-sectoral combination. In timber industry, the majority of enterprises were small and middle companies, which greatly contributed to its development. Regional specificities of timber industry location included concentration of main facilities in northwestern, western and central parts of the country, in the Volga region and in Ural. However only several regions had developed wood machining and deep processing spheres, such as Leningrad oblast, the Gorky Krai, Belarusian and the Ukrainian Soviet Republics.

Development and expansion of born global firms in Serbia

Early internationalization has been widely recognized as an important research topic since 1990s when the term "born global firms" was for the first time introduced. Although there is significant research interest for early internationalization in developed and developing countries, in Serbia and Western Balkan this topic has not received considerable attention from the scientific community. At the same time, early internationalization of small and medium-sized firms is present and can not be neglected in the region and Serbia. This paper aims to identify the main prerequisites for the development of born global firms, and to identify and analyze small and medium-sized firms from Serbia with international business orientation from their founding. The analysis will be conducted based on literature review and available secondary data on small and medium-sized firms and their export. In this way, the early-internationalized small and medium-sized firms from Serbia will be mapped. As there are no available databases, this research will provide first insight into the extent of early internationalization and emergence of born global firms, and their characteristics, regarding industry, location, number of employees, business experience, and export expansion. The results would be discussed in regard to the studies conducted in developed countries. Some policy implications in the area of export promotion will be recognized.