cervical plexus block
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2022 ◽  
pp. rapm-2021-102851
Author(s):  
Mathias Opperer ◽  
Reinhard Kaufmann ◽  
Matthias Meissnitzer ◽  
Florian K Enzmann ◽  
Christian Dinges ◽  
...  

Background and objectivesCervical plexus blocks are commonly used to facilitate carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in the awake patient. These blocks can be divided into superficial, intermediate, and deep blocks by their relation to the fasciae of the neck. We hypothesized that the depth of block would have a significant impact on phrenic nerve blockade and consequently hemi-diaphragmatic motion.MethodsWe enrolled 45 patients in an observer blinded randomized controlled trial, scheduled for elective, awake CEA. Patients received either deep, intermediate, or superficial cervical plexus blocks, using 20 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine mixed with an MRI contrast agent. Before and after placement of the block, transabdominal ultrasound measurements of diaphragmatic movement were performed. Patients underwent MRI of the neck to evaluate spread of the injectate, as well as lung function measurements. The primary outcome was ipsilateral difference of hemi-diaphragmatic motion during forced inspiration between study groups.ResultsPostoperatively, forced inspiration movement of the ipsilateral diaphragm (4.34±1.06, 3.86±1.24, 2.04±1.20 (mean in cm±SD for superficial, intermediate and deep, respectively)) was statistically different between block groups (p<0.001). Differences were also seen during normal inspiration. Lung function, oxygen saturation, complication rates, and patient satisfaction did not differ. MRI studies indicated pronounced permeation across the superficial fascia, but nevertheless easily distinguishable spread of injectate within the targeted compartments.ConclusionsWe studied the characteristics and side effects of cervical plexus blocks by depth of injection. Diaphragmatic dysfunction was most pronounced in the deep cervical plexus block group.Trial registration numberEudraCT 2017-001300-30.


2021 ◽  
pp. 155335062110599
Author(s):  
Ayhan Şahin ◽  
Onur Baran ◽  
Ahmet Gültekin ◽  
Gülcan Gücer Şahin ◽  
Tolga Ersözlü ◽  
...  

Introduction The cervical plexus block (CPB) has been used for a long time for both analgesia and anesthesia in carotid endarterectomy and thyroid operations. To be unfamiliar with the technique and its perceived difficulty, potential risks, and possible adverse effects such as intravascular injection has limited broader use before the practical use of ultrasound. We hypothesize that the cervical plexus block can provide adequate anesthesia in tracheostomy cases and provide excellent anesthesia comfort when combined with a translaryngeal block. Methods This double-blinded, randomized 29 patients undergoing primary tracheostomy operation to receive either CPB (Group S) or CPB with translaryngeal block (Group ST). The primary outcome was cumulated analgesic consumption during the first 24 postoperative hours. Secondary outcomes were as follows: pain related to incision, patient tolerance as assessed by tracheostomy cannula comfort score, cough and gag, pain at rest, nausea and vomiting, and time to first analgesic demand. Results The patient tolerance for tracheostomy was higher in Group ST than Group S. The median tracheostomy cannula comfort score was 4.0 in Group S. In contrast, the median score was significantly lower in group ST (P<.001). The cough and gag reflex scores were significantly lower in Group ST than Group S (1.0 vs 4.0, P<.001). Conclusion This trial supported the hypothesis that the CPB combined with the translaryngeal block yields excellent anesthesia for tracheostomies. The technique we briefly described, in a way, is the equivalent of awake fiberoptic intubation to awake tracheostomy with minimal sedation adjusted according to airway patency.


Author(s):  
Parth M. Shah ◽  
Divya N. Kheskani

Background: Thyroidectomy is painful procedure hence multimodal analgesia is required. Superficial cervical plexus block can be used for analgesia in thyroid surgeries. USG guided cervical plexus block administration is safe and latest technique as a part of multimodal analgesia for thyroid surgery.Methods: After obtaining consent 60 ASA grade I-II adult patients undergoing elective thyroid surgery were included and randomly divided into two groups (group B)-0.25% bupivacaine and (group S)-normal saline. Induction and maintenance under general anesthesia carried out as per standard protocol. After Induction USG guided block was administered with the drug solution as per allocated group. After surgery, patients were extubated and shifted to recovery room. Vital parameters were monitored. Patients were asked about their pain based on the 11-point numerical rating scales (NRS) score. The NRS score and other variables were documented at 3rd hour, 6th hour, 12th hour, and 24th hour at wards after the end of surgery. Time since the end of surgery to the first analgesia request was documented together with total analgesia consumed in the first 24 hours. If NRS score was ≥4 inj. Tramadol iv in incremental doses of 25 mg was given until pain relieved.Results: Time to first dose of analgesia was higher in group B compared to group S. Total analgesic dose of tramadol during first 24 hours was lower in group B compared to group SConclusions: bilateral superficial cervical plexus block can be used as a part of multi-modal analgesia in patients of thyroidectoy.


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