Clinical, radiologic, and morphological diagnosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Aim. To study the relationship between clinical, radiologic, and morphological features in nonfibrotic and fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis.Materials and methods. Clinical symptoms, data of high-resolution computed tomography, parameters of external respiration, and histological changes in the lung tissue obtained via open and transbronchial biopsies were studied retrospectively in 175 patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP). Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica software.Results. We found that the clinical error rate in the diagnosis of HP was 84.5%, among pathologists – 92%. Among all the variants of HP, the most common was fibrotic HP. It was shown that non-necrotizing granulomas and giant cells in the cavities of the alveoli, microcells, and interalveolar septa were more typical of nonfibrotic HP. In fibrotic HP, peribronchial fibrosis, smooth muscle metaplasia in fibrotic areas, and the presence of fibroblastic foci in the walls of terminal bronchioles are signs of differential diagnosis with usual interstitial pneumonia. The classical triad of histological signs was observed in 19.2% of patients with nonfibrotic HP and in 5.6% of patients with fibrotic HP.Conclusion. Diagnosis of HP is complex and should be based on a multidisciplinary approach involving clinicians (pulmonologists), radiologists, functional diagnostics specialists, and pathologists. In this case, it is imperative to take into account and identify factors causing development of the disease, as well as the age of patients.

Anthropometric and capacitive analysis of the Ecuadorian senior national women's soccer team (Análisis antropométrico y capacitivo del equipo nacional femenino de fútbol de mayores de Ecuador)

The development of women's football worldwide points to the resignification of the approach to team preparation, where anthropometric and capacitive variables play an important role. Ecuador shows no precedent for studies in high-level female soccer players. Accordingly, the objective focused on analyzing the state of anthropometric and capacitive variables of 22 soccer players of the Ecuadorian senior women's national team, which represent 100% of the population. It started from the morphological diagnosis of equipment applying 19 measurements under the protocol of marking and measurement of the International Society for the development of Kineanthropometry (ISAK), the evaluation of the explosive force through three jumps (Tests SJ, CMJ and Abalakob ( AB) and speed (35 meters), The data were subjected to normality criteria (Shapiro-Wilk test), the result of which indicated that the values ​​did not follow a normal distribution, therefore the non-parametric ANOVA test of a Kruskal - Wallis Factor for independent samples. The study was preceded by three research hypotheses. It is shown that there are no significant differences in the variables analyzed by position, being p> 0.05, H0 is accepted in all cases. The results allowed to characterize the team morphologically with a Meso-Endomorph somatotype, irregularities were found in some variables of the morphology of the soccer players (IDG / IMO), suggesting how conclusion a nutritional dietary planning, and enhance muscle mass in the lower extremities from the management of physical direction. Resumen. El desarrollo del fútbol femenino a nivel mundial, apunta hacia la resignificación del enfoque de la preparación de los equipos, donde juega un rol importante las variables antropométricas y capacitivas. Ecuador no muestra precedentes de estudios en mujeres futbolistas de alto nivel. En concordancia el objetivo se centró en analizar el estado de variables antropométricas y capacitivas de 22 futbolistas del equipo nacional femenino de mayores de Ecuador, las cuales representan el 100% de la población. Se partió del diagnóstico morfológico de equipo aplicando 19 mediciones bajo el protocolo de marcaje y medición de la Sociedad Internacional para el desarrollo de la Cineantropometría (ISAK), la evaluación de la fuerza explosiva a través de tres saltos (Tests SJ, CMJ y Abalakob (AB) y la rapidez (35 metros), Los datos se sometieron a criterios de normalidad (test de Shapiro-Wilk), cuyo resultado indicó que los valores no siguen una distribución normal, en virtud de ello se empleó la prueba no paramétrica ANOVA de un Factor de Kruskal - Wallis para muestras independiente. El estudio estuvo precedido por tres hipótesis de investigación. Se demuestra que no existen diferencias significativas en las variables analizadas por posición; al ser p>0,05 se acepta H0 en todos los casos. Los resultados permitieron caracterizar morfológicamente al equipo con un somatotipo Meso-Endomorfo, se comprueba irregularidades en algunas variables de la morfología de las futbolistas (IDG/ IMO) sugiriendo como conclusión una planificación dietético nutricional, y potenciar la masa muscular en las extremidades inferiores desde la gestión de la dirección física.

Taxonomy, allometry, sexual dimorphism, and conservation of the trans-Andean water-snake Helicops danieli Amaral 1937 (Serpentes: Dipsadidae: Hydropsini).

The extensive lack of knowledge on the morphological aspects of South American water-snakes, includes a poor understanding of phenotypic parameters, intraspecific variation, and conservation of the trans-Andean Helicops species, Helicops danieli Amaral, 1937. For the first time, we provide a multidisciplinary view using key features (e.g., morphology and niche modeling) to improve the taxonomic recognition of this species, as well as describing ontogenetic color changes, allometry, sexual dimorphism, and the conservation status of this poorly studied snake. First, we emended the morphological diagnosis of H. danieli with 23 characters and detected that juvenile tail length is positively related to allometric growth, and that juveniles differ from adults through the presence of the white nuchal collar. Females are larger than males for snout-vent length, whereas males showed proportionally longer tails and smaller head length growth. Suitable areas for H. danieli are restricted to the trans-Andean regions from the Magdalena drainage to the Caribbean coast, which also showed high values of anthropic impacts. Our multidisciplinary approach provided new insights into this South American water snake’s morphology, intraspecific variation, and distribution.

Taxonomic reassessment of the poorly known microhylid, Kalophrynus menglienicus Yang & Su, 1980

The taxonomic status of Kalophrynus menglienicus Yang & Su, 1980 was evaluated based on newly collected topotype specimens. Phylogenetic analysis showed that this species should be assigned to the genus Micryletta Dubois, 1987. In addition, morphological diagnosis and descriptions based on the newly collected topotype specimens were provided.

Morphological diagnosis and successful treatment of chorioptic mange in 2 South American coatis (Nasua nasua)

Two female South American coatis (Nasua nasua) kept in a zoo in Southern Germany presented with pruritus and moderate hair loss at the dorsal trunk, thigh areas and alongside the tail. Otherwise the animals showed no clinical signs. While the clinical general examination as well as cytology of dermatologic samples showed no pathologic changes, Chorioptes sp. mites could be identified in a superficial skin scraping. Two consecutive topical applications of a selamectin/sarolaner spot-on formulation 4 weeks apart lead to a complete resolution. No side effects were observed.

A new species of Micrurapteryx (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) feeding on Thermopsis lanceolata (Fabaceae) in southern Siberia and its hymenopterous parasitoids

A new species of leaf-mining moth described here as Micrurapteryx baranchikovi Kirichenko, Akulov & Triberti, sp. nov. was detected in large numbers feeding on Thermopsis lanceolata (Fabaceae) in the Republic of Khakassia (Russia) in 2020. A morphological diagnosis of adults, bionomics and DNA barcoding data of the new species are provided. The developmental stages (larva, pupa, adult), male and female genitalia, as well as the leaf mines and the infestation plot in Khakassia are illustrated; the pest status of the new species in the studied region is discussed. Additionally, parasitism rate was estimated, the parasitoid wasps reared from pupae of the new species were identified (morphologically and genetically) and illustrated . Among them, one ichneumonid, Campoplex sp. aff. borealis (Zetterstedt) and two braconids, Agathis fuscipennis (Zetterstedt) and Illidops subversor (Tobias et Kotenko), are novel records for the Republic of Khakassia. Furthermore, they are all documented as parasitoids of Gracillariidae for the first time. The DNA barcode of A. fuscipennis is newly obtained and can be used as a reference sequence for species identification.

Global controversy in oyster systematics and a newly described species from SE Asia (Bivalvia: Ostreidae: Crassostreinae)

The diversity of native oysters in many regions is overshadowed by the global dominance of a few economically important species. Here we describe the Muar Oyster, Crassostrea (Magallana) saidii sp. nov., first reported as an established local fishery renowned for exceptional and distinctive flavour over 160 years ago by British colonial officials in Malaysia, but as yet never formally named or described as a species. This new species has a subtle but clear morphological diagnosis dependent on three-dimensional characters, which has long been recognised by local fishers to differentiate the new species from co-occurring C. (M.) belcheri (G. B. Sowerby II, 1871). The Indo-Pacific clade Magallana Salvi & Mariottini, 2016 in Salvi and Mariottini 2017 is a phylogenetically distinct group that nonetheless cannot be morphologically separated from the broader genus Crassostrea Sacco, 1897. Fossils or species known only from shell specimens, though morphologically distinct species, cannot be classified as Magallana, Talonostrea Li & Qi, 1994, or Crassostrea s.s.; therefore, we revise these groups as sub-genera within Crassostrea. Our analysis of the COI barcoding fragment from previously published sequences of all available Magallana species found that gene is not sufficient to separate several economically important species, and revealed more than 5% of sequences in GenBank represent identification errors. The new species Crassostrea (Magallana) saidii sp. nov., which is genetically, morphologically, and gastronomically distinct, is known from only one population under potential threat from urbanisation. Many more global species of Magallana remain undescribed. The systematics of this group is critical to understand the diversity of global oysters, and to understand the sustainable use of species grown worldwide for centuries as our food.

New distributional, biological and taxonomic information on the genus Eulophinusia Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

The genus Eulophinusia Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), previously known from Australia and India, is newly recorded from the Americas (Canada, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic). The morphological diagnosis of the genus is enhanced through the discovery of an unnoticed and unique feature - an intricate jigsaw-like microsculptural pattern on the mesoscutellum. The new species described here, Eulophinusia andreamezae Hansson, is a hyperparasitoid. The majority of the Costa Rican specimens of this species were reared from pupae of Hypomicrogaster largus Valerio (Braconidae: Microgastrinae) that had parasitized a caterpillar of Anadasmus Janzen11 (Lepidoptera: Depressariidae) feeding on Ocotea insularis (Lauraceae).

A CLINICAL CASE OF SEMINAL CARCINOMA IN A GERMAN SHEPHERD MALE

The article describes a clinical case of testicular neoplasia – seminal carcinoma in male German shepherd. This neoplasia was found in annually medical checkup of working dogs. An indurated, space-occupying, non-tender mass was found in the ill testicle by touch. An ultrasound investigation of the testicles and prostatic gland was made as differential diagnostics and according to the results provisional diagnosis was made – testicular neoplasia. The dog was successfully operated on, and during the orchiectomy, material was collected for histological examination to make a final diagnosis. Morphological diagnosis: the histology pattern is most consistent with the classical seminal carcinoma with lymphocytic infiltration.

Bovine bilateral mesenchymal hamartomas on the upper eyelid: A case report

A 2-day-old calf was presented with a bilateral mass in the medial canthus of the upper eyelid. The masses were removed surgically. The morphological diagnosis was a bilateral hamartoma characterised by an abnormal mixture of tissue indigenous to that area including blood vessels, striated muscle bundles, adipose tissue, isolated cartilage and nerve bundles. No recurrence developed in the 6 months following the surgical removal. Overall, although this congenital defect is relatively rare, it should be differentiated from eyelid tumours such as haemangiomas, squamous cell carcinomas, Meibomian gland tumours, dermoid cysts and teratomas in cattle.