Pengaruh Stigma Masyarakat Terhadap Pembentukan Konsep Diri Remaja Penyalahgunaan Narkoba di Yayasan Bersama Kita Pulih (BESAKIH)

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat bagaimana stigma masyarakat mempengaruhi konsep diri remaja penyalahgunaan narkoba di Yayasan Bersama Kita Pulih. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode yang digunakan adalah studi kasus dengan responden sebanyak 2 orang remaja penyalahguna narkoba. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa responden pertama yang berinisial AA sudah memiliki konsep diri yang positif setelah melakukan rehabilitasi. hal tersebut terlihat dari mulai terpenuhinya dimensi-dimensi dalam konsep diri yaitu dimensi pribadi, dimensi sosial, dimensi fisik, dimensi etika dan moral serta dimensi keluarga. Sedangkan responden kedua yang berinisial MAM memiliki konsep diri yang negatif ditandai tidak merasa dirinya bermasalah dan tidak memerlukan perawatan rehabilitasi. Hal tersebut karena MAM memiliki kontrol emosi yang rendah, penerimaan diri yang negatif dan rendahnya tingkat beradaptasi dengan lingkungan. Stigma masyarakat 50% cukup berpengaruh terhadap pembentukan konsep diri pada remaja jika hubungan dengan keluarga kurang baik. Karena pada masa remaja sangat diperlukan dukungan dan kasih sayang orangtua dalam perkembangan emosional remaja. The purpose of this research is to see how social stigma affects self-concept of adolescent drug abuse at Yayasan Bersama Kita Pulih. This research uses a qualitative approach and method that is used is a case study with the respondents of 2 adolescents who abuse drugs. Sampling uses interview, observation and documentation. The result of this research shows that the first respondent with the initials AA already has a positive self-concept after doing the rehabilitation. It can be seen from starting the fulfillment of dimensions in self-concept, namely personal dimension, social dimension, physical dimension, ethical and moral dimensions and also family dimension. While, the second respondent with the initials MAM has a negative self-concept that is indicated from not feeling that his self is problematic and does not require rehabilitation treatment. This is because MAM has a low emotional control, negative self-acceptance and a low level-adaptation with the environment. 50% of social stigma is quite influential towards the formation of self-concept in adolescent if the relationship with the family is not good enough. Because in adolescence, parental support and affection are required in adolescent emotional development.

Knowledge, Attitudes, Psychosocial Perspectives and Applied Epidemiology in the Control of Head Lice (pediculosis capitis) in Croatian Preschool Children: A Qualitative Study on Childcare Professionals and Health Coordinators

This study aimed to concurrently determine the perceived knowledge, attitudes and perspectives of childcare professionals working in kindergartens towards pediculosis capitis, a common ectoparasitic disease also known as head lice, as well as gain insights into procedures and control measures that are implemented in an outbreak setting. We used a qualitative approach with a problem-centered, semi-structured and three-part interview technique conducted in selected kindergartens of Varaždin and Međimurje counties of the Republic of Croatia. Based on a purposive (deliberate) sampling method, the study included both childcare professionals and on-site health coordinators aged between 21 and 56 years of age. Five main themes were put forth as a result of the conducted thematic analysis: prevention and control measures for managing head lice, information and knowledge, social issues, psychological issues and disease perception. Each of these themes also had specific emerging categories based on participants’ responses. Even though all respondents confirmed that the disease is continuously monitored only a few of them mentioned that a scalp examination was an inherent part of disease surveillance within the kindergarten community. Moreover, we found that information on pediculosis capitis is available to both parents and childcare professionals, but with a questionable uptake. Additionally, the majority of the respondents reported that parents tend to hide the infestation in their children due to shame and/or to avoid social stigma, and thus often fail to inform kindergarten teachers and health coordinators about the problem. In conclusion, our findings have implications for further practice and the introduction of tailored public health measures for the most vulnerable populations, most notably kindergarten children.

Fear of Medical Staff: The Importance of Stigmatization during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Letter to the Editor

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, although hospital staff cared for patients, they were recognized in the community as an asymptomatic carrier and people were afraid and anxious about them. To the extent thateven the families of hospital staff experienced this social stigma, and many people cut off contact with them. In addition to the stigma that medical staff received from people during the COVID-19 pandemic, many people were stigmatized and feared that as an asymptomatic carrier they would endanger the health of their families and those around them. For this reason, they tried to limit social communication and be more present at home and at work. Hospital staff were among the first to deal with the deadly virus and relinquish their physical health. Many nurses and physicians stay awake for long hours to save the lives of patients with COVID-19. Unfortunately, we have seen people fear and avoid the hospital staff, which has led to increased burnout and depression in the medical staff. For this purpose, it is necessary to take measures to socially motivate the medical staff of hospitals by the Ministry of Education and Health.

Participation of People With Disabilities in the Decision-Making Process in Nepal

Despite the significant social and political changes over the last five decades in Nepal, persons with disabilities (PwDs) still face challenges in their everyday lives. Lack of meaningful participation of PwDs in leadership and decision-making processes, social stigma, discrimination, and inaccessible physical facilities have excluded PwDs from freely exercising fundamental rights such as voting. Mass media and civil society occasionally raise issues and problems faced by PwDs. Equally, the dearth of data regarding disability has created further challenges to policymakers and planners to understand the diversity of PwD issues at large. Based on a qualitative study, this chapter aims to explore the participation of PwDs particularly in the different phases of policy formulation (such as consultation and participation) at the municipal level and calls for crucial actions for ensuring meaningful participation of PwDs in democratic processes in Nepal in the current federal context.

ADOLESCENTS SEXUAL REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH RIGHTS ISSUES IN RURAL ZIMBABWE

This study was aimed at examining the knowledge and perceptions of adolescents on Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (ASRH) rural Zimbabwe. Adolescents in Zimbabwe faces limited access to health information and services. Different factors like poverty, gender inequality, socio-cultural and economic status play a crucial role in determining adolescent’s access to ASRH knowledge. Qualitative research methodology was used in the study. Data was gathered through key informant interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). The culture of communicating ASRH problems with parents was non-existent in most cases save for girls who indicated that they got information from their mothers during menstruation periods. Adolescents indicated that they had limited access to ASRH services available in their community. They further indicated that they were not utilising these services for various reasons such as social stigma, lack of information, poor quality service and the negative attitude displayed by some nurses and counsellors at the nearest health centre.

A Comparative Study on Socio-Economic Impact of COVID- 19 Pandemic on Fisheries Industry in Tangalle Divisional Secretariat Division

The COVID-19 pandemic, which has provided the basis for creating a highly problematic environment in every sector of the world today has also had a significant impact on the fisheries industry which is one of the world’s leading economic activities. The main objective of this study was to examine the socio-economic impacts on fisheries industry before and during COVID-19 pandemic situation with special reference to Tangalle Divisional Secretariat Division. The study was based on the four Grama Niladhari Divisions of Kudawella North, Central, South and West associated with the Kudawella Fisheries Harbor. Primary data was collected from a field survey using a semi structured questionnaire from 74 fishing families representing the 75% of the population under stratified random sampling. Paired T test was carried out to test the variables comparatively before and after COVID-19 pandemic to confirm the result statistically. In addition, simple statistical methods were used for the quantitative assessment. Results revealed that the epidemic situation had a significant socio-economic impact on the fishing industry during the COVID-19 pandemic situation such as declining income, growth of indebtedness, disruption of children’s education, mental distress and social stigma. Suggestions were identified to mitigate the impacts. In this context, it was concluded that the COVID-19 epidemic has primarily affected the fisheries industry and as a result, created many socio-economic problems for the fisheries community.

Intellectual Disability (ID)

Intellectual disability (ID, also known as mental retardation) is a condition of arrested or incomplete development of the mind. ID is especially characterized by impairment of skills manifested during the developmental period, which contribute to the overall level of intelligence (i.e., cognitive, language, motor, and social abilities). The understanding about intellectual disability, mainly its features, causes and intervention has a long history. Researches on causes of intellectual disability lead to finding of multiple etiological factors which reflected well on its improved management techniques. The changes in terminology used describe intellectual disability also reflected our understanding about it different dimensions including social stigma. This chapter focused to give an overall view about its history, changes in terminology, classification, epidemiology, etiology, comorbidities, and management. Over the years, there are many changes and findings that have happened, yet many questions are unanswered related to this condition.

Analysis of Existential Feminism Struggle of Women Online Drivers During the Covid-19 Pandemic

<p align="center"> </p><p><em>This article discusses the women's movement to sustain its existentialism in the COVID-19 pandemic by moving and taking high risks to become female online drivers. Based on research conducted by Simone De Beauvoir, who analyzed the film "The Second Sex" using existentialist feminism theory, women are often used as objects and men as subjects because of the man's masculinity and biological circumstances that are considered to support inter-subjective in men. The contribution of this research is the use of existentialist feminism as an anti-thesis of male masculinity by applying it to the empirical conditions of women. The study used feminist ethnographic methods that combine ethnographic interviews and participant observations. The focus of this study lies on the class struggle of women to maintain their existentialism despite having to take high job risks and the risk of contracting the COVID-19 virus due to high mobility. This research data analysis technique uses data reduction, data display, and data triangulation. The results showed that women worked as online drivers to become subjects for themselves and act as breadwinners and housewives in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. Women's struggles in the COVID-19 pandemic undermine the social stigma of society that often makes them objects.</em></p><p>Artikel ini membahas tentang gerakan kaum perempuan untuk mempertahankan eksistensialnya di masa pandemi COVID-19 dengan bergerak dan mengambil resiko tinggi untuk menjadi driver online perempuan. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Simone De Beauvoir yang menganalisis film <em>“The Second Sex”</em>menggunakan teori feminisme eksistensialis, perempuan seringkali dijadikan sebagai objek dan laki-laki sebagai subjek karena maskunilitas dari seorang laki-laki dan keadaan biologis yang dianggap mendukung adanya inter-sebujektif pada laki-laki. Kontribusi penelitian ini adalah penggunakan feminisme eksistensialis sebagai <em>anti-thesis</em> maskulinitas laki-laki dengan menerapkan pada kondisi empiris perempuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode etnografi feminis yaitu menggabungkan <em>ethnographic interview </em>dan <em>participant observations. </em>Fokus penelitian ini terletak pada <em>class struggle</em><em> </em>kaum perempuan untuk mempertahankan eksistensialnya meskipun harus mengambil resiko pekerjaan yang tinggi dan resiko tertular virus COVID-19 akibat mobilitas yang tinggi. Teknik analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan reduksi data, <em>display </em>data, verifikasi data dan triangulasi data. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kaum perempuan bekerja sebagai <em>driver online</em><em> </em>untuk menjadi subjek bagi dirinya sendiri sekaligus berperan sebagai pencari nafkah dan ibu rumah tangga dalam kondisi pandemi COVID-19. Perjuangan perempuan dalam pandemi COVID-19 meruntuhkan stigma sosial masyarakat yang seringkali menjadikan mereka sebagai objek.</p>