Thermophysical Properties of Solutions of Iron(III) Nitrate Nonahydrate in Mixtures of 1-Propanol and Water

The simulation of spray flame processes for the production of high-quality nanoparticles relies on thermophysical properties of the precursor solutions, for which literature data are scarce. Here, we report experimental thermophysical data of solutions of iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate (INN) in (1-propanol + water) mixed solvents. The specific density, viscosity, thermal conductivity, and isobaric heat capacity of the solutions were measured at 101.3 kPa between 288.15 and 333.15 K, solvent compositions ranging from 0.73 mol mol–1 1-propanol to pure water, and INN molalities up to 1.3 mol kg–1. Empirical correlations of the experimental data are provided.

Ceramic Processing of Silicon Carbide Membranes with the Aid of Aluminum Nitrate Nonahydrate: Preparation, Characterization, and Performance

The development of a low-cost and environmentally-friendly procedure for the fabrication of silicon carbide (SiC) membranes while achieving good membrane performance is an important goal, but still a big challenge. To address this challenge, herein, a colloidal coating suspension of sub-micron SiC powders was prepared in aqueous media by employing aluminum nitrate nonahydrate as a sintering additive and was used for the deposition of a novel SiC membrane layer onto a SiC tubular support by dip-coating. The sintering temperature influence on the structural morphology was studied. Adding aluminum nitrate nonahydrate reduced the sintering temperature of the as-prepared membrane compared to conventional SiC membrane synthesis. Surface morphology, pore size distribution, crystalline structure, and chemical and mechanical stability of the membrane were characterized. The membrane showed excellent corrosion resistance in acidic and basic medium for 30 days with no significant changes in membrane properties. The pure water permeance of the membrane was measured as 2252 L h−1 m−2 bar−1. Lastly, the final membrane with 0.35 µm mean pore size showed high removal of oil droplets (99.7%) in emulsified oil-in-water with outstanding permeability. Hence, the new SiC membrane is promising for several industrial applications in the field of wastewater treatment.

Thermophysical Properties of Solutions of Iron (III) Nitrate-Nonahydrate in Mixtures of Ethanol and Water

The quality of nanoparticles that are obtained by spray flame synthesis dependsstrongly on the thermophysical properties of the precursor solutions. Solutions ofiron(III)nitrate-nonahydrate (INN) in ethanol are interesting precursor solutions forthe production of iron oxide nanoparticles in these processes. However, no data onthermophysical properties of solutions of INN in ethanol are available in theliterature. Therefore, in the present work, the specific density, viscosity, thermalconductivity and molar isobaric heat capacity of solutions of INN in solvent mixturesof ethanol and water were measured at 101.3 kPa between 288.15 and 333.15 K,solvent compositions ranging from pure ethanol to pure water, and INN molalities upto 1.3 mol kg-1. Empirical correlations of the experimental data are provided.

In Situ Synthesis of Alumina Nanoparticles in a Binary Carbonate Salt Eutectic for Enhancing Heat Capacity

A binary carbonate salt eutectic (Li2CO3-K2CO3)-based nanofluid was in situ synthesized by mixing with a precursor material, aluminum nitrate nonahydrate (Al(NO3)3·9H2O). Thermal decomposition of the precursor was successfully carried out to synthesize alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticles at 1 wt.% concentration. A thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) confirmed a complete thermal decomposition of aluminum nitrate nonahydrate to alumina nanoparticles. A transmission electron microscope (TEM) was employed to confirm the size and shape of the in situ formed nanoparticles; the result showed that they are spherical in shape and the average size was 28.7 nm with a standard deviation of 11.7 nm. Electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed the observed nanoparticles are alumina nanoparticles. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was employed to study microstructural changes in the salt. A differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) was employed to study the heat capacity of the in situ synthesized nanofluid. The result showed that the heat capacity was enhanced by 21% at 550 °C in comparison with pure carbonate salt eutectic. About 10–11 °C decrease of the onset melting point of the binary carbonate salt eutectic was observed for the in situ synthesized nanofluids.