Hierarchical Inconsistency: A Monitoring Mechanism to Reduce Securities Fraud in Emerging Markets

Research has indicated limited effects of formal governance measures on securities fraud prevention in emerging markets due to the weak rule of law. We propose that hierarchical inconsistency, misaligned rank ordering in formal organizational and informal social hierarchies of the corporate elite, can provide a novel monitoring mechanism to reduce securities fraud. Leaders at the top of the two inconsistent hierarchies can feel distressed and motivated to engage in contestation and challenge each other’s authority, thus providing checks and balances and preventing groupthink. This monitoring effect is likely to be stronger when either of the two heads has dominant and unequivocal superiority in their respective hierarchy, making them particularly distressed by the hierarchical inconsistency and prone to contest. We test our argument in the context of publicly listed family-controlled firms in China, where business and family hierarchies may confer superiority to different individuals. Our study contributes to the corporate securities fraud literature by understanding how formal organizational structures and informal social relationships interact and jointly influence governance effectiveness in emerging markets.

CLOUD-BASED TEMPERATURE MONITORING MECHANISM FOR COVID-19 PANDEMIC TRACKING

The unprecedented outbreak of novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) globally has a huge impact to our daily life in numerous ways. To effectively minimize the spread of the virus, early symptom detection is crucial, especially in closed environment with high human traffic areas which post higher chances of human-to-human transmission. Body temperature measurement has been identified among the vital monitoring parameters. However, current available temperature monitoring mechanism is costly, limited to single individual and limited to locally without integrating to cloud and database. This led to difficulty in effective surveillance for suspicious COVID cases. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to introduce an end-to-end Internet of Things-enabled application for thermal monitoring as an early signal detection and screening method. This work integrates Raspberry Pi, thermal sensor, LCD display, buzzer, and LED light with Raspbian and Restful API for device-to-cloud communication. The system implemented is capable for user identification, body temperature remote monitoring and warning signal for fever symptoms. The result of this real-time system is capable to detect and screen the suspected contagious person in an organization effectively. Future works on integrating face recognition with machine learning and artificial intelligent enhancement.

Development of Smart Sensing Technology Approaches in Structural Health Monitoring of Bridge Structures

In recent years, immense development in Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of bridges helps address the life span and reliability of bridge structure at contrasting phases of their service life. This article provides a detailed understanding of bridge monitoring, and it focuses on sensors utilized and all kinds of damage detection (strain, displacement, acceleration, and temperature) according to bridge nature (scour, suspender failure, disconnection of bolt and cables, etc.) and environmental degradation under static and dynamic loading. This paper presents information about various methods, approaches, case studies, advanced technologies, real-time experiments, stimulated models, data acquisition, and predictive analysis. Future scope and research also discussed the implementation of SHM in bridges. The main aim of this research is to assist researchers in better understanding the monitoring mechanism in bridges.

AEDES ALBOPICTUS (SKUSE) SURVEILLANCE WITH BIOGENTS (R) MOSQUITITO TRAPS AND LARVAL INDICES- A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Effective surveillance and monitoring of Aedes albopictus is essential for the possible prediction and implementation of the preventive measures. We tested BG sentinel mosquitito traps with BG lure to collect adults as an alternative surveillance tool in relation to larval indices. Study was carried out in Calicut District, Kerala, India. Three villages in the district were selected by random sampling as study area. In each village, 50 houses were selected as study site for trap collection, larval survey and fever surveillance. Study was conducted for six months from July to December, 2017. Number of adults of Ae.albopictus collected in BG sentinel traps was only 84 in 22 collections spanning over six months (mean 3.82, 95% CI-2.57-5.06).Though the larval indices were high; no epidemic was reported from the study area. There was no correlation between adults collected and larval indices. Adult collection showed a positive correlation with most of meteorological parameters. Larval indices showed no correlation with climatic factors.BG mosquitito trap was found to be not successful for adult surveillance in the area. More studies are required using different traps to suggest adult traps as an alternative to currently used larval indices. Larval indices were high but no cases reported. Our study shows that a more reliable monitoring mechanism is required for Ae.albopictus to enable prevention, to introduce abatement and its evaluation.

Sumber Daya Manusia di perguruan tinggi Indonesia saat pandemi COVID-19: Bekerja dari rumah dan kebijakannya

Penelitian ini bertujuan menggali penjaminan mutu dalam pengelolaan SDM sebagai hasil praktik baik selama WFH, yang diharapkan berguna bagi pengelolaan SDM di perguruan tinggi (PT). Survei daring dilakukan untuk menggali opini, perspektif, dan praktik dari stakeholder. Hasil menunjukkan 90% responden berasal dari PTS dan 73% berlokasi di Jakarta (N=198). Responden (85%) setuju PT telah mempersiapkan WFH, penetapan kebijakan, virtual workspace, SDM, mekanisme monitoring dan evaluasi. Responden (80%) mengapresiasi persiapan dan pengambilan keputusan WFH. Responden (50%) memenuhi 51-75% tuntutan pekerjaan selama WFH. Responden (52%) menyatakan unitnya mencapai 51-75% target kerja. Responden (87%) mengapresiasi mekanisme monitoring. Apresiasi responden (82%) diberikan pada efektivitas WFH. Responden (88%) setuju WFH sebagai opsi cara kerja mendatang. Responden setuju (38%) 3+2 hari (WFH+WFO) per minggu. Responden setuju (35%) menukar 15-30% biaya transpor dengan WFH. Pertanyaan terbuka menunjukkan agar WFH didukung akses internet dan virtual workspace yang memadai. Penelitian ini menunjukkan praktik teladan sepanjang WFH yang dapat distandarkan menjadi penjaminan mutu pengelolaan SDM, di antaranya standar pengambilan keputusan, mekanisme monev, dan fasilitas daring.AbstractThis research aimed to explore the quality assurance in human resources management as best practices of WFH, that would be beneficial for HR management in higher education institutions (HEI). An online survey was done to seek opinions, perspectives, and meaningful practices among HEI stakeholders. Results show 90% of respondents are from private universities, and 73% are located in Jakarta (N total 198). Respondents (85%) agree there is preparation toward WFH, the policy, virtual workspace, HR, monitoring and evaluation mechanism. Respondents (80%) appreciate the WFH preparation and decision. Respondents (50%) complete 51-75% of the work during WFH. Respondents (52%) state their unit achieved 51-75% of the target during WFH. Respondents (87%) appreciate the monitoring mechanism. Their appreciation (82%) is given to the effectiveness of WFH. Respondents agree (88%) of WFH as an option for the future of working. Respondents agree (38%) of 3+2 days (WFH+WFO) per week. Respondents agree (35%) to exchange their 15-30% of transport fees to WFH. The open-ended questions show WFH should be supported by adequate access to the internet and virtual workspace. This research shows best practices of WFH, which could be standardized as QA toward HR system, including the standards of decision making, monitoring and evaluation, and online facilities.